Climbing the Phoenix Terrace in Jinling
Author: Li Bai Era: Tang Genre: Qilu Category: Unknown
The phoenix travels on the Phoenix Terrace, and the phoenix leaves the platform and the Kongjiang River flows by itself. The flowers and plants of Wu Palace are buried in the secluded path, and the clothes of Jin Dynasty become ancient hills. Beyond the blue sky, the three mountains are halfway down, and the two rivers are divided into Bailuzhou.
The floating clouds can always cover the sun, and the absence of Chang'an makes people sad.
Note:
The main idea of ??this poem is:
"There used to be a phoenix bird on the Phoenix Platform, but now the phoenix bird has flown away. , leaving only this empty platform, accompanied by the river, still flowing eastward. The magnificent palace of King Wu and the thousands of flowers and plants in the palace are now buried in the desolate and secluded paths. The high-ranking officials of the Jin Dynasty. The dignitaries, even if they once had glorious achievements, are now buried in ancient tombs and turned into a bunch of loess. I stood on the stage and looked at the three mountains in the distance, still standing outside the blue sky, and the Bailuzhou connecting the Qinhuai River. Separated by two waterways, the floating clouds in the sky drifted with the wind, sometimes blocking the sun, making me unable to see the city of Chang'an, and I couldn't help but feel very sad."
We mentioned it in Li Bai's poem "Parrot Island". After Li Bai read Cui Hao's poem "Yellow Crane Tower", he wrote the poem "Parrot Island" and wanted to compete with Cui Hao. After finishing writing, Li Bai felt that he was not as good as Cui Hao after reading it, so he wrote a limerick on the Yellow Crane Tower: "One punch smashed the Yellow Crane Tower, two kicks overturned the Parrot Island. There is a view in front of me, and Cui Hao can't say it." Write a poem on it and throw the pen away. Because when poets see beautiful scenery, they can't help but write a poem to praise it. Li Bai is no exception, so he wrote the poem "Parrot Island". He felt that it was really not as good as it. After returning home, the more he thought about it, the more unwilling he became. So I wrote another poem "Ascend the Phoenix Tower of Jinling" and felt satisfied.
Since Bai's works were published after Cui Hao, and both poems are seven-character rhymed poems with plain tones and special rhymes, later generations even believed that Li Bai intended to compete with Cui Hao, so there was The legend of the limerick cited above.
In fact, according to the Japanese Mori Dai Lai's research, it is believed that the limerick was not written by Li Bai. Li Bai wrote "Ascending the Phoenix Terrace of Jinling" because he was feeling the current events and had no intention of competing with Cui Hao.
The Anlu Mountain Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty forced Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty to move to Shu for refuge. The prince was located in Lingwu, and Li Bai was also exiled to Yelang due to the King Yonglin incident. When Li Bai was young, he was full of pride and hoped to do great things for the country, but he was never reused by the emperor. During the Anshi Rebellion, Li Bai saw the Tang Dynasty being ravaged by Hu soldiers. You can imagine Li Bai's emotion in his heart. So when he wrote this poem, he used the first sentence: "The Phoenix travels up to the Phoenix, and the Phoenix goes to the Taikong River to flow by itself." This leads to the whole poem, because legend has it that In Chinese mythology, the phoenix bird only appeared when the world was peaceful and peaceful. Therefore, the appearance of the phoenix bird was used as a symbol of auspiciousness in ancient times. Li Bai saw Anlu Mountain endangering the Tang Dynasty, and missed the legend of the Phoenix bird resting on the Phoenix Tower in the past. Now the Phoenix bird no longer comes, and only the river still flows eastward.
Jinling was the place where Sun Quan established his capital during the Three Kingdoms period. After the Yongjia Rebellion in the Jin Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty also established its capital southeast of Jinling City where Fenghuang Terrace is located. Li Bai imagined the prosperity of the Wu Palace on the stage. The scenery, as well as the glorious deeds of those dignitaries in the Jin Dynasty, are now hidden in the secluded paths and become ancient hills. One dynasty weakened and died, and another dynasty immediately rose. The Zhenguan rule and the Kaiyuan rule in the Tang Dynasty's peaceful and prosperous times have also become a thing of the past. The Anshi Rebellion broke out, and the Tang Dynasty was in danger. Why didn't Li Bai worry? Standing on the stage, I saw the Three Mountains and Bailuzhou in the distance, but what about Chang'an City? Li Bai's last sentence: "The floating clouds can always cover the sun, and the absence of Chang'an makes people sad." In poetry, floating clouds are often used to refer to villains, and the day is used to describe the monarch. Floating clouds covering the day refers to the treacherous villains who surround the king, slander the king and frame the virtuous ministers, so that the loyal ministers have no chance to remonstrate with the emperor. The next sentence "Not seeing Chang'an makes people sad" refers to Li Bai lamenting that he was exiled and saw the clouds in the sky disappearing without seeing Chang'an. He was worried that he would never have the chance to go to Chang'an. In other words, during the Anshi Rebellion, Xuanzong moved to Western Shu, and the crown prince ascended the throne in Lingwu. The mountains and rivers of the Tang Dynasty have not yet been recovered, and they are sad for the city of Chang'an.
The allusion of this metaphor comes from "Shishuo Xinyu". It is said that Emperor Ming of Jin sat on the lap of Emperor Yuan of Jin when he was a child. Emperor Yuan asked him whether Chang'an was farther away or the sun was farther. Emperor Ming replied that Chang'an was near and the sun was far away, because he heard that He said that someone came from Chang'an, but he didn't hear that someone came from the sun. Emperor Yuan was happy for his cleverness. The next day he asked Emperor Ming the same question in front of all the officials. Unexpectedly, Emperor Ming replied that the sun is near and Chang'an is far because When I raise my head, I can see the sun, but I can't see Chang'an.
The original capital of the Jin Dynasty was Chang'an. After the Yongjia Rebellion, it moved southward. During the reign of Emperor Yuan of Jin Dynasty, the capital was changed to Jinling. It is very similar to the situation in the Tang Dynasty when the prince was forced to relocate to Lingwu due to the Anshi Rebellion. Therefore, the last two lines of Li Bai's poem "Floating clouds cover the day" also refer to Xuanzong favoring Concubine Yang Guifei and Yang Guozhong and abolishing the government, which led to the Anshi Rebellion and Chang'an. Fall into the hands of barbarians. Li Bai wrote this poem purely out of nostalgia for the past, which aroused his nostalgia for the emperor. He also lamented that he was relegated due to being slandered by villains. He climbed to the Phoenix Tower and could not see Chang'an. He was moved by the scene and wrote this poem. , and had no intention of competing with Cui Hao for victory. The theory that the two competed for victory was all echoed by later generations.
The origin of the limerick mentioned above is that Li Bai was exiled to Yelang and was pardoned on the way. When he passed by Jiangxia, he wrote a poem "Jiangxia Presents Wei Nanling Ice" and said: "I will do it for you." You beat me at the Yellow Crane Tower, and you also knock down the Parrot Island for me. Fighting for supremacy at Red Cliff is like a dream, and I have to sing and dance to escape my worries.
"Li Bai was feeling sad and depressed, so he deliberately wrote such cheerful words to relieve the injustice in his heart. Later, he wrote a poem "Answered Eighteen After Drunk", which corresponds to the poem "The Yellow Crane Tower was smashed to pieces": "The Yellow Crane Tower has been smashed, and the Yellow Crane Immortal has no place to rely on. The Yellow Crane went to heaven to sue the Jade Emperor, but the Yellow Crane was released. "The Crane Returns to the South of the River." It was originally just a literati's game article to ridicule the wildness of his previous poem. Unexpectedly, a Zen monk passed by the Yellow Crane Tower in the late Tang and Five Dynasties, so he excerpted the sentences from these two poems by Li Bai and wrote this poem: "One punch smashed the Yellow Crane Tower, two kicks overturned the Parrot Island. There is a view in front of me, but Cui Hao wrote a poem on it." A monk who came to play with him also wrote: "When you are energetic, you will lose your energy." "Where there is no romance, there will be romance." Another monk added: "When you meet a close friend when you drink, you should practice your art." This caused later generations to mistakenly think that Li Bai's poem "Ascending the Phoenix Tower of Jinling" was related to Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower". 〉Poems compete for spirit and merit, leaving behind this interesting limerick. In fact, it is all based on the speculation of later generations.
Jinling Winery Leaves Farewell
Li Bai
The wind blows the fragrance of willow flowers all over the shop, Wu Ji presses wine to encourage guests to taste,
The descendants of Jinling Come and see each other off. If you want to do it or if you can't, let's have a drink.
I would like to ask you, Dongliu Shui, who do you want to compare with?
In the season when the poplars were blooming, in a small hotel in the mountains of Shuicun Village in the south of the Yangtze River, the poet who was about to leave Jinling sat alone and had a drink, filled with thoughts of farewell. The swaying spring breeze picked up the hanging poplar flowers, fluttering lightly and filling the shop; the young girl brought out the newly pressed wine and encouraged customers to taste it. Here, the willow catkins are misty, and the fragrance of wine is strong, coming to my nostrils. I don’t know whether it is the fragrance of wine or the fragrance of willow flowers. How many pens and inks should be used to express such an intoxicating picture of spring scenery! Just the seven words "the wind blows and the willows fill the store with fragrance" vividly and naturally appear on the page with the sway of the scenery, the spirit of the catkins, and the mood of the drinkers intoxicated by the east wind; and it is also extremely free and easy, effortless He blurted out his words with half the effort, purely intuitively. In this regard, one cannot help but admire Li Bai's talent.
When the wind blows and the willow flowers fill the store with their fragrance, the store is simply a world of willow flowers. Willow flowers are not fragrant, so why use the word "fragrance" here? Firstly, "the heart is clear and smells the wonderful fragrance", any vegetation has its subtle fragrance; secondly, the word "香" represents the breath of spring, and at the same time, it also secretly outlines the aroma of the wine below. The "store" here, at first glance, I don't know what it is, but from the next sentence I understand that it refers to a hotel. In fact, only the willow flowers in the hotel will be fragrant. Otherwise, even the most elegant antique bookstore may not be able to live up to the words "the wind blows the willow flowers all over the store" in terms of the coordination of the scene. Therefore, the word "fragrant" may seem awkward at first, but upon tasting it, it feels so appropriate.
The first sentence is a state of no one. The second sentence is "Wu Ji pressed wine to persuade guests to taste it." When Long Hongfen met the drinkers, people appeared on the scene. When the group of "Jinling descendants" When the teenagers arrived, the hotel became even more lively. At the time of separation, I might not have wanted to drink, but Wu Ji persuaded me, how sentimental, and with the arrival of the "Jinling descendants", I felt that the sentiment was even longer, who could give up this? But I had to go, and the words "Come and see me off" poured cold water on the lively scene above, and it was a prelude to the loneliness and loneliness that had always been lively and prosperous. Li Bai is leaving Jinling. However, with such a hot farewell, you can't just take a big step and leave, right? Then it changed to "Everyone who wants to do it or can't do it has a cup of wine". The poet who wants to do it is intoxicated, but the poet who can't do it also has a cup of wine. The affection is so long, so it comes out "Please ask me about the east flowing water, do you want to say goodbye" The conclusion of this lyrical short song is leisurely and endless with an implicit writing style.
Shen Deqian said that this poem "does not need to be deep in language, as it is enough to express feelings" ("Tang Poems"). Because the poet did not leave one or two close friends, but a group of young friends, the poem describes the farewell feeling in a full and hearty way, melodious and ups and downs, sighing but not sad, showing the poet's luxuriant, romantic and unrestrained life in his youth. feelings.
These two are relatively famous, others are:
Show Jinlingzi
Tang Li Bai
Whose son is in the east of Jinling City? Eavesdropping on the sound of the piano in the blue window.
Falling flowers come up from the sky and follow people across the Xijiang River.
Chu Ge and Wu Yu are not charming, but they seem to be the most affectionate.
Xie Zhenggong wants to be a prostitute in Dongshan and works with Lin Quan everywhere.
The west tower of Jinling City sings under the moon
Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
The night in Jinling is quiet and the cool breeze blows. I go up to the tall building alone to look at Wu and Yue. White clouds reflect the water and shake the empty city,
The white dew drops drop the autumn moon. Under the moon, I have been brooding for a long time, and my eyes have been sparse since ancient times.
Jie Dao Chengjiang is as pure as practice, making people remember Xie Xuanhui for a long time.
Go to Lingyang Mountain and climb the Tianzhu Stone to pay Han Shiyu to see Zhao and hide in Huangshan
Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
The Han people rode on white deer and headed west to Mount Huashan. More than a thousand jade girls are accompanying each other in the sky.
See me pass on the secret, sincerity and wisdom. Why do you want to go to Lingyang and see Feihong off while traveling?
The emperor used to avoid Di, and he and the king also rode together. Support troops at the foot of the Five Tombs, and take long-term strategies to contain the Hu Rong.
Shi Tai undressed his embroidered clothes and escaped like a flying hood. Luan and phoenix flutter their wings, peck at millet and sit in the cage.
Haihe smiled and thought about returning to Liaodong. There are stone pillars in Huangshan Mountain, and there are clusters of trees on the peaks.
Because he was nesting in a jade tree, he suddenly saw Duke Fuqiu. He also invited Wang Ziqiao to play the sheng and dance in the pine wind.
Please open the Ruizhu Palace to sing about Zixia. Walking around the blue sky, leaning against the tree to attract young boys.
Whenever we can join hands, our remains will be infinity.
From Jinling to the Baibi Mountain, I played with the moon and reached the Tianmen to send a sentence...
Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
Going back from the Cangjiang River, I saw the autumn moon with a white jade. The autumn moon shines on the white jade, as bright as the snow on the mountain.
Youren stopped marching at night, but Jia Ke forgot to start early. Entering Fantianmen Mountain, looking back at Niuzhu.
The Sichuan trade wind comes, and the sun rises in Cebu. The old friend is close at hand, and the new reward is Hu Yue.
Sending blue orchids to you will bring endless benefits to the common people.