What are the records of Xin Qiji in history?
(1140-1207) poet of the Southern Song Dynasty.
His courtesy name is You'an, his name is Jiaxuan Jushi, and he was a native of Licheng, Shandong (now Jinan). When he was born, his hometown fell to the Jin Dynasty for more than ten years.
In the thirty-first year of Shaoxing (1161), the gold lord Wan Yanliang invaded the south on a large scale, and Jinan farmer Geng Jing rebelled against the gold. 22-year-old Xin Qiji gathered 2,000 people to join the rebel army.
The following year, he was ordered to meet Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty and was awarded the title of Chengwu Lang. On his way back to the north, he learned that the traitor Zhang Anguo had killed Geng Zu and surrendered to the Jin Dynasty. He immediately led 50 light cavalry to Jinying, captured Zhang Anguo alive, and led everyone to defect to the court. This move shocked the Southern Song Dynasty.
In the autumn of the third year of Kaixi's reign, the imperial court once again used troops against the Jin Dynasty and asked Xin Qiji to come out of the mountain. When the order arrived, he was already seriously ill and died soon after. For the first time, Xin Qiji wrote about the fighting life of the armed and iron horses in his poems, such as "Partridges are strong in the sky and banners support ten thousand people", "Breaking through the formation and writing heroic poems for Chen Tongfu" and so on.
"Water Dragons Climb to the Jiankang Pavilion for Enjoying the Heart", "Yongyu Le Jingkou Beigu Pavilion Nostalgia", "Fishing for Fish Can Escape the Wind and Rain", "Sapphire" "Yuan Yuan Eve" and so on are also masterpieces handed down from generation to generation. Rural-themed poems describe the beautiful and picturesque rural scenery and express a quiet and leisurely mood, such as "The Ugly Slave Is a Imitation of Li Yian's Style" and "Qing Ping Le Village Residence".
"Jia Xuan Long Short Sentences" is a peak in the history of the development of Chinese Ci and has a profound influence on the development of later generations of Ci. There are currently 629 poems attributed to Xin Qiji. What are the historical allusions in Xin Qiji's "Yong Yu Le"
Throughout the ages, there are no heroes to be found, and Sun Zhongmou is there. On the dancing pavilion and singing stage, the wind is always blown away by rain, rain and wind. The grass and trees in the setting sun, Ordinary alleys, where humane slaves once lived. I think back to those days when they were fierce warriors and powerful horses, and they could swallow up thousands of miles like a tiger. Yuan Jia hastily sealed the wolf as a coward, and won a hasty visit northward. Forty-three years ago, I still remember the beacon fire on Yangzhou Road. But looking back, under the Buddha and Li Temple, there is a sacred crow drum. Who can ask: Lian Po is old, can he still eat? The first film uses two allusions: one is about Sun Quan (also known as Zhongmou), the leader of the Wu Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period, who relied on Zhou Yu and other capable people to make great achievements; the other is about Liu Yu (also known as Deyu, also known as Jinu), the emperor of Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty. ), his family was poor in his early years, but later he became a general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty through his own efforts, and personally led the Northern Expedition, eventually overthrowing the Eastern Jin Dynasty and proclaimed himself emperor. The second part of the poem also uses two allusions: one is with Emperor Wen of the Southern Dynasty, Liu Yilong ("Yuanjia" was his reign name), wanted to imitate his predecessors in "conferring the wolf with Xu" (that is, making meritorious service during the Northern Expedition), but he misunderstood Wang Xuanmo's words and sent Wang Xuanmo to lead his troops to rush the Northern Expedition. As a result, he was defeated by the Northern Wei Tai Emperor Wu Tuoba Tao was beaten to a miserable state; the other was based on the story of Lian Po, a famous general of the Zhao State during the Warring States Period. He had made great contributions to the Zhao State. Later, the King of Zhao thought he was old and no longer used him. Xin Qiji wrote this poem The use of these allusions in the poem is just right, helping the poet to cherish the past and lament the present, and to express his strong desire to regain the lost land in the Central Plains and his resentment towards the small court of the Southern Song Dynasty who settled on the left side of the Yangtze River, making it difficult to realize his ambition. Historical allusions in Xin Qiji's Yong Yu Le Zhong
1. Sun Zhongmou: Sun Quan, the king of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, named Zhongmou, once built his capital in Jingkou. Sun Quan (182-252), whose courtesy name was Zhongmou. Emperor Dongwu, the founding emperor of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. A native of Fuchun County, Wu County (now Fuyang, Zhejiang Province). He was born in 182 AD (the fifth year of Guanghe) and died in 252 AD (the second year of Taiyuan). The second son of Sun Jian, the governor of Changsha, followed his elder brother Sun Ce, Marquis of Wu, to pacify Jiangdong when he was young. Sun Ce died early in 200 AD. Before his death, he said to Sun Quan, "If you are not sure about internal affairs, ask Zhang Zhao, and if you are not sure about foreign affairs, ask Zhou Yu." Sun Quan succeeded to the throne as the lord of Jiangdong.
2. Slave: the nickname of Liu Yu, Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties. Liu Yu (April 363-June 422), courtesy name Deyu and nickname Jinu, was of Han nationality. His ancestors were from Pengcheng (now Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province), and later moved to Jingkou (Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province). He was a descendant of the Song Dynasty during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The founder is known as Emperor Wu of Song Dynasty in history. An outstanding statesman, outstanding military strategist, and commander-in-chief in Chinese history.
3. Three sentences about "thinking about those days": Liu Yu led the Jin army in the Northern Expedition twice and recovered Luoyang, Chang'an and other places.
4. "Yuanjia Caocao" sentence: Yuanjia is the reign name of Liu Yuzi and Liu Yilong. hastily: thoughtlessly. Liu Yilong of the Southern Song Dynasty (not the Southern Song Dynasty) was so happy about his success that he rushed the Northern Expedition. However, Tuoba Tao, the leader of the Northern Wei Dynasty, seized the opportunity and went south with a cavalry group. His troops reached the north bank of the Yangtze River and returned, but were severely damaged by their opponents. Feng Lang lived in Xu: In 119 BC (the fourth year of Yuan Shou, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty), Huo Qubing went on an expedition against the Xiongnu and annihilated more than 70,000 enemies. Feng Lang lived in Xu Mountain and returned. Langjuxu Mountain is located in present-day Mongolia. The word "Yuanjia Northern Expedition" was used to refer to the failure of the Northern Expedition to allude to the "Longxing Northern Expedition" in the Southern Song Dynasty.
5. "Forty-three years" sentence: The author returned to the south in 1162 (the 32nd year of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty), and it was exactly forty-three years when he wrote this poem.
6. Foli Temple: Tuoba Tao, Emperor Taiwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty, was nicknamed Foli. In 450 AD, he counterattacked Liu Song. Within two months, his troops moved south, and the five expeditionary armies advanced in separate directions, crossing from the north bank of the Yellow River to the north bank of the Yangtze River. A palace was built on Guabu Mountain on the north bank of the Yangtze River, which later became the Buddha Temple.
7. Divine crow: refers to the crow that eats sacrifices in the temple. Shegu: drum sound during sacrifice.
By the Southern Song Dynasty, local people only worshiped and worshiped Buddha Li as a god, not knowing that he had been an emperor's palace in the past.
8. Lian Po: A famous general of Zhao State during the Warring States Period. "Historical Records: Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" records that after Lian Po was dismissed from office, he ran to Wei State. King Zhao wanted to use him again and sent someone to see his physical condition. Lian Po's enemy Guo Kai bribed the envoy, and the envoy saw Lian Po. Po, Lian Po gave him a bucket of rice and ten kilograms of meat, and he was mounted in armor to show that he could still use it. The envoy came back and reported to the King of Zhao: "Although General Lian Po is old and good at food, he sat with his ministers, and in a short time, he lost three remaining arrows." The King of Zhao thought that Lian Po was old, so he didn't use it. Allusions to Xin Qiji's Life
Xin Qiji (1140-1207) was born in Licheng (now Jinan, Shandong), with the courtesy name You'an and Jiaxuan.
He was fifteen years younger than Lu You, and the north had long fallen to the Jurchens when he was born. Although his grandfather Xin Zan served in the Jin Kingdom, he always hoped to have the opportunity to "rise up in provocations to relieve the anger of Dai Tian, ????who was not suppressed by his father." "Ten Essays on Meiqin"), at the same time, Xin Qiji also continued to witness with his own eyes the humiliation and pain that the Communists suffered under the rule of the Jurchens. All this made him establish the ambition to restore the Central Plains and serve his country in his youth.
On the other hand, precisely because Xin Qiji grew up in the north under the rule of the Jin people, he also received less traditional cultural education that makes people blindly follow the rules. Chivalry. In the thirty-first year of Shaoxing (1161), the gold lord Wan Yanliang invaded the south on a large scale. The Han people behind him rose up in resistance because they could not bear the harsh oppression of the gold people.
Twenty-two-year-old Xin Qiji also gathered 2,000 people to join a massive uprising army led by Geng Jing and served as secretary-general. When internal conflicts broke out among the Jin people, Wan Yanliang was killed by his subordinates on the front line, and when the Jin army retreated north, Xin Qiji was ordered to go south to contact the Southern Song Dynasty court in the 32nd year of Shaoxing (1162).
On his way back from completing his mission, he heard the news that Geng Jing was killed by the traitor Zhang Anguo and the rebel army was defeated. He led more than fifty people to attack the enemy camp, captured the traitor and brought him back to Jiankang, handing him over. Executed by the Southern Song Dynasty court. Xin Qiji's astonishing bravery and decisiveness made him famous for a while. "With his heroic voice, cowards arose, and the Holy Emperor sighed three times at the sight of him" (Hong Mai's "Jia Xuan Ji").
Song Gaozong appointed him as the judge of Jiangyin, and he began his official career in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was only twenty-three years old at this time. Xin Qiji first came to the south and did not understand the cowardice and timidity of the imperial court. In addition, Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou had praised his heroic behavior. Song Xiaozong, who came to the throne soon after, also once showed his eagerness to restore lost territory and avenge his humiliation, so in During the period before his tenure in the Southern Song Dynasty, he enthusiastically wrote many suggestions on the Northern Expedition against the Jin Dynasty, such as the famous "Ten Essays on Meiqin" and "Nine Discussions".
Although these proposals were highly praised and widely read at the time, the imperial court, which was no longer willing to fight any more wars, responded indifferently and was only interested in the practical talents shown by Xin Qiji in the proposals. , so he was successively sent to Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan and other places to serve as important local officials such as transfer envoy and pacification envoy to manage famine and rectify public security. This is obviously very different from Xin Qiji's ideal. Although he did a great job, he felt more and more depressed and painful because he felt that time was passing by, life was short and ambitions were difficult to achieve.
However, the reality is harsh to Xin Qiji. Although he had outstanding talents, his heroic and stubborn character and his enthusiasm for the Northern Expedition made it difficult for him to gain a foothold in the timid, diplomatic, and jealous officialdom.
He also realized that he was "stubborn and self-confident, and has not been tolerated by everyone in recent years" ("On Thieves Zha Zi"), so he was already ready to go into seclusion and built a house by Daihu Lake in Shangrao, Jiangxi Province. Garden pavilion, so that you can settle down after leaving your job. Sure enough, in the winter of the eighth year of Chunxi (1181), when Xin Qiji was forty-two years old, he was removed from office due to impeachment and returned to Shangrao.
In the next twenty years, except for serving as prisoner and pacifier in Fujian once every two years, he spent most of his time in the countryside. Xin Qiji had always envied the reclusive master of Xiao Ao's mountains and forests. Living in the countryside was not inconsistent with his outlook on life; moreover, due to his past status, he could live a quite luxurious life.
However, as a passionate man and a man of great influence, he was forced to leave the political stage when he was in his prime, which made him unbearable. Therefore, while he often enjoys the pastoral scenery and the tranquility in it, waves are constantly rising in the depths of his soul. Sometimes he is excited by his life's ideals, sometimes he is angry and discouraged by the ruthlessness of reality, and sometimes he I forced myself to feel relieved and had broad-minded thoughts, and spent the rest of my life in this emotional ups and downs.
"To end the affairs of the king and the world, and to gain fame both during and after his death, it was all in vain" ("Broken Array"), "But he exchanged ten thousand words for a smooth military strategy in exchange for his master's tree-planting book" ("Partridge Sky") 》), in these words, his deep emotions are buried. In the third year of Jiatai of Ningzong (1203), Han Yuzhou, who advocated the Northern Expedition, appointed people from the main war faction. Xin Qiji, who was 64 years old, was appointed as the prefect of Shaoxing and the pacifier of eastern Zhejiang. The old poet's spirit was boosted.
The next year, he met with Emperor Ningzong of the Song Dynasty and spoke passionately and impassionedly about the fact that the Jin Kingdom "must be in chaos and destruction" (Episode B of "Miscellaneous Notes on the Government and the Country since Jianyan"), and personally went to the front line to take up a post in Zhenjiang. But he was hit hard again and was forced to resign under the attack of some admonishing officials. In the first year of Kaixi (1205), he returned to his former residence to live idle.
Although he was called to serve in the next two years, he was old and sick, and his body was weak, and he finally passed away in the autumn of the third year of Kaixi. Although, since the fall of the Central Plains, expressing grief and indignation for national humiliation and expressing enthusiasm for serving the country have become the central theme of literature, Xin Qiji's poetry still has an outstanding brilliance in it.
This is not only because Xin Qiji grew up in the north that was ravaged by foreigners, and his desire to restore his homeland was stronger than that of ordinary scholar-officials, but also because while taking the initiative to undertake the national mission, he was also actively pursuing the glory of his personal life. , showing an irrepressible spirit of heroism in his words. When expressing his ambition to serve the country, Xin Qiji's poems often show the courage and heroic self-confidence of soldiers, such as "To hold back the fairy waves of the Milky Way, wash the sand in the northwest" ("Shui Diao Ge Tou"), "I swear to myself when wrapped in horse leather, "The eyebrows cut off the sex, stop re-emphasizing" ("Man Jiang Hong"), "A man's determination is as strong as iron until he dies" ("Congratulations to the Bridegroom"), etc., all of which are full of pride and anger. Bullfighting. He sincerely praised those who had the same courage to serve the country as himself, echoed with them, and encouraged each other, such as the generous enthusiasm of "Shuilongyin·Jiachen Suishuo Hannanjian Shangshu", which was completely different from the ordinary birthday wishes. : When the horse crosses the river and comes from the south, how many people are really good at economics? Chang'an elders, the scenery of Xinting is still pitiful.
Yifu people, how many times have you looked back when China was sinking into the land? Counting an army and an army thousands of miles apart, merit and fame are what they are, but are true Confucian affairs known to the public? Kuang Youwen is fighting in the mountains, and the courtyard is full of Tongyin in the clear day. I fell to the ground back then, but now I'm trying to see how the wind and clouds are running.
Green fields, windy smoke, flat spring vegetation, Dongshan singing wine. Wait for his year to be reorganized. Allusions of Xin Qiji
1. Immediately the pipa will be blocked by the pass
From "If you want to drink the pipa, it will be destroyed immediately" - Wang Han's "Liangzhou Ci"
2. The general's reputation is ruined after a hundred battles. Thousands of miles back to the river, old friends will never be seen again.
It may be written about Huo Qubing!
See "Huo Qubingba": ://post.baidu/f?kz=129464483
3. Yi Shui Xiao Xiao West Wind Cold
Transformation " The wind rustles and the water becomes cold." - Jing Ke assassinates the King of Qin
4. The singing bird still knows how to hate, but it does not cry, and the clear tears are long and it cries blood.
Allusion: Wangdi Cuckoo
Comments on Wangdi Cuckoo: "Wangdi is the title of Du Yu, the king of Shu in ancient mythology. Legend has it that he abdicated to his ministers due to floods. He lived in seclusion in the mountains and turned into a cuckoo after his death, crying day and night and not stopping until he bleeds."
5. Who fucked me, Drunken Moon?
Li Bai's "Drinking Alone under the Moon"
See Yan Yan and send her back to my concubine.
It should also be an allusion, but I don’t know where it comes from. What historical allusions are there in Xin Qiji's lyrics "Yong Yu Le·Jingkou Bei Gu Pavilion Nostalgia for the Past"
Let's look at the original text first - 1. The original poem "Yong Yu Le·Jingkou Bei Gu Pavilion Nostalgia for the Past" Xin Qiji has traveled through the ages. There is no hero to be found, but Sun Zhong is looking for a place.
On the dancing pavilion and singing stage, the wind is always blown away by the rain. The setting sun, the grass and trees, the ordinary alleys, where the slaves of humanity once lived.
I think back then, when we were strong and strong, we could swallow thousands of miles like a tiger. Yuan Jia hastily sealed the wolf in Xu, and won a hurried visit to the north.
Forty-three years later, I still remember the beacon fire on Yangzhou Road. But looking back, under the Buddha and Li Temple, there is a sacred crow drum.
Who is to ask, Lian Po is old, can he still make a living? 2. The translation has gone through the ages, and it is difficult to find a hero like Sun Quan. The dance pavilions and singing stages of the past are still there, but the heroes have long since disappeared with the passage of time.
The setting sun shines on the ordinary alleyway covered with grass and trees. People say that this is where Liu Yu once lived. Looking back on those days, how powerful he was when he led the Northern Expedition and regained the lost territory! However, Liu Yu's son Liu Yilong was overjoyed with his success and rushed the Northern Expedition. Instead, Tuoba Tao, the Taiwu Emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty, took the opportunity to send his troops south. His troops arrived on the north bank of the Yangtze River and returned, but were severely damaged by their opponents.
It has been forty-three years since I returned to the South, and I still remember the raging war scenes in Yangzhou. How can we look back? There were people offering sacrifices outside Tuoba Tao's palace. Crows were pecking at the sacrifices. People were celebrating communion days and only worshiped him as a god. They didn't know that there was an emperor here. 's palace.
Who else would ask, Lian Po is old, does he have a good appetite? 3. Historical allusions: 1) "Sun Zhongmou's place": comes from Cao Cao's "Children should be like "Sun Zhongmou" (children should be like Sun Quan). Sun Quan, the king of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, had the courtesy name Zhongmou and once built his capital in Jingkou.
2) "Think of the old days, when a man of war and an iron horse could swallow up thousands of miles like a tiger": It is said that Liu Yu led the Northern Expedition twice and regained Luoyang, Chang'an and other places. 3) "Yuan Jia hastily sealed the wolf as a Xu, and won. "Looking north in a hurry": Yuanjia is the reign name of Liu Yuzi and Liu Yilong.
What is said here is that Liu Yilong was so happy about his success that he wanted to imitate Huo Qubing’s expedition to the Xiongnu and rushed the Northern Expedition. Instead, Tuoba Tao, the lord of the Northern Wei Dynasty, seized the opportunity and went south with his cavalry group. His troops arrived on the north bank of the Yangtze River and returned, but were attacked. A heavy blow to the opponent. 4) "Seal the wolf to live in Xu": Huo Qubing went on an expedition against the Xiongnu, annihilated more than 70,000 enemies, and then returned after sealing the wolf to live in Xu Mountain.
5) "Lian Po is old, can he still make a living?": This is about the famous general of Zhao State who was dismissed from his post during the Warring States Period and ran to Wei State. King Zhao wanted to use him again and sent someone to see him. Regarding his physical condition, Guo Kai, Lian Po's enemy, bribed the envoy. When the envoy saw Lian Po, Lian Po was given a bushel of rice and ten pounds of meat, and was mounted on a horse with armor to show that he was still available. The Story of Xin Qiji
://baidu/s?tn=jxsd&ie=gb2312&bs=%D0%C1%C6%FA%BC%B2%B5%C4%C3%FB%D1%D4&sr=&z= &cl=3&f=8&wd=%D0%C1%C6%FA%BC%B2%B5%C4%B9%CA%CA%C2&ct=0
Xin Qiji captures the traitor alive
Now We are talking about a hero named Xin Qiji who fought against the Jin Dynasty in the Southern Song Dynasty. He is also a famous poet in the history of our country.
At that time, people in northern my country were under the rule of the Kingdom of Jin, and their lives were very painful. There was a farmer in Shandong named Geng Jing. He led a rebel army and often attacked the Jin soldiers. Xin Qiji was also from Shandong. He admired Geng Jing very much, so he organized more than 2,000 people to join Geng Jing's team.
Under the leadership of Geng Jing and Xin Qiji, the rebel army often won battles, and more and more people participated, and soon there were more than 200,000 people. Geng Jing sent Xin Qiji to the south to contact the Southern Song Dynasty so that they could unite and drive away the Jin soldiers. Who knew that there was a traitor in the rebel army, named Zhang Anguo. He took advantage of Xin Qiji's absence and assassinated Geng Jing. The rebel army had no leader and dispersed.
When Xin Qiji returned from the south, the traitor Zhang Anguo had already fled to the Jin Kingdom's military camp. Xin Qiji felt sad and angry. He said to his companions: "We must capture Zhang Anguo alive and avenge Geng Jing!"
Some of his companions said: "Zhang Anguo is hiding in the enemy's barracks, where fifty thousand golden soldiers are stationed. We There are only a few dozen people, how can we catch him?"
Xin Qiji shouted: "Fifty thousand! Even half a million, we have to break into the Jin camp and kill this traitor to avenge Geng Jing. Avenge the people!"
That night, Xin Qiji selected fifty warriors, all riding fast horses and carrying swords, and headed straight for Jinying. When they were approaching Jin Camp, it was already dark. They all dismounted their horses, tied their horses to the trees, and then quietly entered Jin Camp in the dark.
The lights in the Jin camp were bright, and Zhang Anguo was drinking and playing guessing games with two Jin generals. When they saw Xin Qiji and the warriors rushing in with swords, they were frightened out of their wits. Zhang Anguo hurriedly got under the table, and the two golden generals hurriedly raised their chairs to resist. The warriors swarmed up and chopped down the two golden generals and their chairs. Xin Qiji stepped forward and pulled Zhang Anguo out from under the table.
Zhang Anguo held his head and shouted for mercy. Xin Qiji pointed his sword at Zhang Anguo and cursed: "You traitor! How could Geng Jing be sorry for you?"
Zhang Anguo was so frightened that he trembled all over and said, "I... I was wrong!"
Xin Qiji sneered and said, "Wrong? Come, tie him up, and take him back to face the crime!"
Everyone swarmed up, tied Zhang Anguo tightly, and pulled him out. tent.
There were many golden soldiers standing outside the camp. Seeing Xin Qiji and the others' majesty, no one dared to step forward. Xin Qiji tied the traitor behind the horse, climbed on it calmly, and shouted: "Whoever dares to come up will be killed! Let me tell you, our army of 100,000 is about to arrive. Those who want to survive must hurry up." Surrender!" After saying that, he led the warriors and rushed out. By the time the Jin generals sent troops to chase them, they had already disappeared.
The traitor Zhang Anguo finally got the fate he deserved: his head was chopped off.
Xin Qiji was only twenty-three years old when he captured the traitor Zhang Anguo alive. Xin Qiji's historical achievements
Xin Qiji inherited Su Shi's bold style of writing and the fighting tradition of patriotic poets in the early Southern Song Dynasty, and further expanded the subject matter of his writing, almost to the point where no matter what happened or not, no words could be included.
In order to give full play to the various functions of lyrics, describing things, recording events, and discussing things, he creatively integrated the advantages of various literary and artistic forms such as poetry, prose, and poetry, and enriched the expression techniques of lyrics. and language skills, thus forming the unique style of Xin Ci, which "can stand apart from the red and green carvings" ("Siku Synopsis"). Xin's unique artistic achievements are first reflected in the creation of majestic and magnificent artistic conception.
Determined by Xin Qiji's fighting experience and lofty political ambitions, his poems often express vast scenes, majestic battles, and things with strong characters. He loves the plum blossoms that are not afraid of frost and snow, but does not like the peaches and plums that cannot withstand wind and rain; he loves the upright long pines and the straight and strong bamboos, but does not like the autumn melons and frozen taro that shrink in the cold wind.
He wrote that the long sword is "relying on the sky for thousands of miles", the long bridge is "thousands of feet of clear rainbow" ("Qin Yuanchun" "Qi Si Bu Zhu"), and even the bonsai of narcissus is "Tang Mu" "The vast expanse of mist" ("Congratulations to the Bridegroom" and "Ode to Narcissus"). In his imagination, the abrupt and firm green hills were not only charming and lovely, but also galloping, like thousands of horses circling, or like a giant rhinoceros rising out of the sea (note: see "Congratulations to the Bridegroom" and "Inscribed with Rhyme by Zhao Jinchen") "Ji Cuiyan" and "Qinyuan Chun" and "Lingshan Qi'an Fu" etc.)
. In his poems, not only "the red flag clears the night, thousands of people ride on the moon approaching the pass" ("Shui Diao Ge Tou", "Three Mountains Use the Rhyme of Zhao Prime Minister"), "the Han family has trained hundreds of thousands, and the fleets have towered" ("Shui Diao Ge Tou") In battle scenes such as "The Boat Trip to Yangzhou, Yun with Yang Jiweng and Zhou Xianxian"), even facing the gulls by the water, the wine glass in front of you, and the pine trees blocking the road, you will also issue military orders like restraints; see the red and white flowers. , I will also think of the training of female soldiers in the Wu Palace; when I hear the sound of chess outside in the quiet small window, I will also think of the breakthrough of the heavy siege (Note: "Nian Nujiao" "White Peony, and the Rhyme of Fan Kuo": "Yes The flowers are so similar, they look like the first disciples of the Wu Palace, surrounded by red arrays."
"Xin He Ye" (Zai He Qian Yun): "The people in the small window are quiet, and the sound of chess sounds like a solution to a heavy siege."
These vivid and exaggerated descriptions and imaginations constitute the characteristics of Xin's bold style. Compared with Su Shi, Xin's poems are more vivid and abrupt. Sometimes the pen is full of ink and the momentum is flying. This is an artistic conception that is not found in Su Shi's poems.
And because he has been in the period of division between the north and the south, and is often squeezed out and attacked by the compromise and capitulation faction, Xin's poems cannot have the open and free expression of Su Shi. Secondly, it is reflected in the technique of Bixing's sustenance.
Since Xin Qiji was a "returned" soldier from the north (Note: The Southern Song Dynasty discriminated against those who returned from the north and called them "returned people"), his politics of restoring the Central Plains and unifying China His ambitions were incompatible with the small imperial court that secretly settled in Jiangnan, and his lonely political position and frequently slandered life experience warned him not to make any excuses. This forced him to sometimes resort to subtle and tortuous means of expressing himself. His indomitable fighting spirit.
This part of the poem sometimes expresses the feelings of children and writes about the affairs of the emperor and his ministers; in the fragrance and pathos, there is an air of uprightness and injustice. It is like a clear spring that surges through a gap in a stream that has been flowing for thousands of miles, or like a flash of lightning when the clouds are thick and there is no rain, revealing the news that this century-old building that is leaning to collapse will collapse in the storm.
The following poem "Moyuer", which he wrote when he transferred from Hubei to Hunan, is a more representative work in this regard. It can also eliminate several storms, and spring returns in a hurry.
Cherishing spring is afraid of flowers blooming early, not to mention countless falling reds. When I live in spring, I see that there is no way to return to the fragrant grass at the end of the world.
I am silent in complaining about the spring, but I can only be diligent, draw cobwebs on the eaves, and fly catkins all day long. As for the elder's affairs, the wedding date was planned correctly but wrongly, and some people were jealous of him.
If you spend thousands of gold to buy a gift, who will complain about this? Don't dance, don't you see, the jade ring and the flying swallows are all dust! Idle sorrow is the most painful. Don't go and lean on the dangerous fence, where the setting sun is shining and the willows are breaking your heart. The first half of this poem mainly expresses his ambivalent feelings towards the Southern Song Dynasty through the protagonist's cherishment of spring and resentment of spring.
In the second half, the jealousy of Mo Mei shows his injustice towards himself. "Don't dance. If you don't see the jade ring, the flying swallows will turn into dust." This is a curse on the compromising and surrendering faction in power, saying that one day they will ruin the country and themselves.
As for the irony of the dim dynasty in "Small Willows in the Setting Sun", it is even more obvious. "Helin Yulu" says that Xiaozong of Song Dynasty was "very unhappy when he saw this word", which is quite credible.
This technique of Xin Ci inherits the tradition of vanilla beauty in "Li Sao", and at the same time accepts the influence of the graceful poets. Since the author can only place his hope of restoring the Central Plains on the decadent Southern Song Dynasty, while he expresses despair about this dynasty, he cannot help but bring a pessimistic color to the work.
When Xin Qiji came to poetry, he began to use a large number of allusions, so some predecessors thought that he "lost his book bag". The so-called "book bag dropping" refers to the misuse of book materials to show off one's knowledge.
Some of Xin Qiji's works, such as choosing ancient people and events with the same surname as a friend to praise him, or collecting entire poems from scriptures, all reflect this habit of feudal literati. However, it must be noted that most of the allusions used in Xin's poems are to refer to the past and present, as shown in the poems such as "Yong Yu Le" and "Shui Long Yin". This is actually inconsistent with his metaphor and sustenance techniques. There are similarities.
The above two aspects of artistic achievements express the writer's patriotic enthusiasm, the sharp contradiction between political ideals and ugly reality, and at the same time form the romantic artistic characteristics of Xin Ci. "Throughout the ages, the writing of Li Sao has not stopped being fragrant to this day" ("Xi Qian Ying" "Xie Zhao Jinchen Fu Wenfu Fu Rong Ci to see longevity, using rhyme to express thanks"), in spirit it is in the same vein as "Li Sao".
Finally, I would like to talk about Xin Qiji’s ability to control language. The predecessors said that Su Shi used poetry as his lyrics and Xin Qiji used literature as his lyrics.
Compared with Su Shi, he not only used the syntax of ancient and modern poetry, but also absorbed prose, parallel prose, and folk spoken language into his lyrics. Regardless of classics, history, Zhuzi, Chuci, Li Du's poems, and Han Liuwen, they are often picked up and used to achieve what Liu Xie said: "Using the old and combining them is as good as coming from his own mouth" ("Wen Xin Diao Long Shi Lei") ) point.
For example, in his "Nan Xiangzi" "Bei Gu Pavilion at the entrance to Jingjing": Wherever you look at China, you will see the scenery of Bei Gu Pavilion. How many things have happened in the rise and fall of the ages, and the Yangtze River is endless.
The young man Wan Dou sat down and broke off the war in the southeast. Who is the rival of the heroes of the world, Cao Liu? Having a son should be like Sun Zhongmou.
The first part of this poem concludes with Du Shi, and the second part concludes with "Three Kingdoms" annotated "Wu Li". The story of Xin Qiji
In 1161, at the age of 22, Xin Qiji led more than 2,000 brothers and sisters from his hometown to revolt against the Jin Dynasty. However, he was repeatedly slandered in his middle age and was unemployed for 20 years until he died of sorrow and anger. From 1181 to 1207, he basically lived a leisurely life in Daihu and Qianshan Laoquan, Shangrao. During this period, he was appointed and dismissed from office for 6 years, traveling between posts and posts in Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other places. Between Daihu and Laoquan; while living in Daihu, I also go to Laoquan for a short stay. Laoquan is the final destination of this patriotic poet after his journey to the south.
In 1180, when the 41-year-old Xin Qiji was once again appointed as the magistrate of Longxing (Nanchang) and the pacifier of Jiangxi, he planned to build a garden-style manor in Shangrao to settle his family. In the spring of 1181, Xin Qiji came to Shangrao to start construction of a new residence and manor with a lake. Based on the topography around Daihu Lake, he personally designed the manor layout of "building houses in high places and opening up fields in low places", and said to his family: "Life is about hard work, and farming should be the priority." Therefore, he took Daihu Lake as his top priority. The manor was named "Jiaxuan" and he called himself "Jiaxuan Jushi". In the eleventh month of the lunar calendar that year, due to impeachment, he was dismissed from his official position and his new residence in Daihu was completed. Xin Qiji returned to Shangrao and began his leisurely life after middle age.
Ehu Mountain, Lingshan Mountain, Boshan Mountain and other places are places where Xin Qiji often went to search for ancient times and seclusion. Ehu Temple at the foot of Ehu Mountain is next to the ancient post station leading to Fujian. From the third to the eighth day of the sixth lunar month in 1175, famous scholars Zhu Xi, Lu Zuqian, Lu Jiuling, Lu Jiuyuan and others held the famous "Ehu Meeting" (the first Ehu Meeting) in the history of Chinese philosophy at Ehu Temple. As a result, Goose Lake has become a cultural attraction. Xin Qiji often went to E Lake to relax.
In the autumn of 1188, "Chen Liang" wrote to Xin Qiji and Zhu Xi, and made an appointment to go to Zixi in Qianshan to discuss the unification plan. But later, Zhu Xi declined the meeting in Qianshan for some reason. In the winter of that year, When it was time to meet, Xin Qiji was ill and in bed, resting in Laoquan and waiting for Chen Liang. In the evening, it was clear after the snow, and the sunset reflected the snow-capped land. Xin Qiji looked out from the railing of Laoquan Villa and saw the front of Qisi Village. Chen Liang, who came riding a big red horse on the post road, was overjoyed that his illness was gone. He went downstairs and rode his horse to greet him. They met again on the stone bridge in front of the village after a long separation, and were filled with emotions. They stood on the stone bridge, bathing in the clear sunset after the snow. While talking about national affairs, he felt sad for the incompleteness of Jin Ou, his patriotism surged in his chest, he drew his sword and killed his mount, and the alliance vowed to fight for the unification of the motherland. The cry of "A man's determination to die is as strong as iron, let's try his hand to mend the cracks in the sky", which is a portrayal of this kind of heroic ambition.
This meeting between Xin Qiji and Chen Liang, Laoquan. After drinking together, we traveled to Goose Lake, exchanged long songs, discussed worldly affairs, and stayed for only ten days before saying goodbye. Later generations, in order to commemorate these two patriots, called this meeting the second "Goose". Lake Meeting" called the stone bridge in front of Qisi Village "horse-killing bridge" and built a horse-killing pavilion next to the bridge. To this day, the story of Xin Qiji and Chen Liang's "horse-killing oath" is still circulated in the local area. Horse-killing Pavilion The pavilion is still there. Although it has experienced wind and rain, there are still many glazed tiles with the words "Zhan Ma Pavilion" covering it. It is a cultural relic protection unit of Qianshan County.
In the summer of 1194, Xin Qiji was dismissed from office again. Returning to Shangrao, he lived in Laoquan, started to build a new house, and ran Laoquan Manor. He decided to "build my house here, and when he learns more, he will plant five willows in front of the door." In the spring of 1195, Laoquan "newly renovated Maoquan." The eaves are completed one after another, and the green hills are just across the small windows" ("Huanxisha·Laoquan Occasionally"), Laoquan garden-style manor was built. What are the stories of Xin Qiji?
Xin Qiji was a famous general in the Southern Song Dynasty who fought against the Jin Dynasty. This film tells an anecdote from his youth.
In 1150, the young and brave Jin general Nian Deli led his Jin soldiers to break into the Southern Song Dynasty city of Licheng in Shandong and led them to burn, kill and loot. All the family members resisted the Jin invaders and protected his father Xin Zan and his 10-year-old son Xin Qiji from escaping.
In the flames of the battle, Xin Wenyu's back was struck by a powerful ax and he died with hatred. Xin Qiji broke away from his grandfather and cried bitterly while caressing his body. Nian Deli threatened the lives of all the Song Dynasty people in the city to force Xin Zan to surrender.
Xin Zan was still in Jinying, still thinking about the mountains and rivers of his motherland. He guided his grandson Xin Qiji to read Han Dynasty books and asked him to study as a teacher. In 1161, Xin Qiji, who was both civil and military, said goodbye to his grandfather who had resigned, and went to Beijing with his companion Dang Huaiying to investigate the Jin people's military situation in the name of taking the exam.
Next, Xin Qiji was noticed by Jin Bing while he was drawing, and he quickly hid. When Nian Deli learned, he ordered his general Tu Debiao to monitor the candidates.
Dang Huaiying was full of knowledge and was the top scholar in high school; while Xin Qiji was hunted. , was camped by Yue Fei's old general Tiezui Yue, who disguised himself as a storyteller. Dang Huaiying, greedy for fame, betrayed Xin Qiji and pursued him with golden troops. Tiezuiyue died for his country to protect Xin Qiji.
Xin Qiji escaped into Fan Mansion Garden with his injuries.
Fan Bangyan, dressed in the official uniform of the Jinren, was practicing martial arts with his daughter Fan Ruyu. Xin Qiji didn't know what was going on and stabbed Fan Bangyan with a sword.
When Nian Deli and Dang Huaiying came looking for traces, Fan Bangyan hurriedly went out to greet them. Seeing the character of his future son-in-law Dang Huaiying, he looked unhappy. Xin Qiji was captured, and General Nian Deli handed over the plot to Dang Huaiying for safekeeping.
Fan Ruyu witnessed Xin Qiji's loyalty and was not ashamed of Dang Huaiying's actions. She and her father worked together to finally help Xin Qiji escape from the prison. The abbot of Lingyan Temple, Yi Duan, left Xin Qiji to recover from his injuries and brought Xin Zan here so that his ancestors and grandson could meet each other.
Jin soldiers surrounded the temple. Xin Zan was heartbroken when he saw Dang Huaiying, who had been raised by himself, betraying the country for glory. He angrily scolded the Jin people and died in anger. Fan Ruyu and Raxin abandoned their illness and fought out of the temple, and got the help of the people to burn the golden soldiers.
In front of Xin Wenyu's tomb in Licheng, Xin Qiji knelt down and swore an oath: He pledged himself to the great cause of resisting the Jin Dynasty and vowed to drive the barbarians out of the Central Plains.