Induction of knowledge points in the first volume of junior two Chinese
First, keywords
1. Add some words below.
〉ūn〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉
2. Explain the words added below.
(1) The joint of building in human environment: building, building.
② Ask He Junneng: That's it.
(3) Straighten my muddy sail and build a bridge in the deep-sea economy:-Crossing.
(4) The height of the forest is high.
(5) Autumn desert moves towards darkness: approaching.
(6) Great Shelter All the poor people in the world are happy: Gai, Gai. All: all.
(7) The bow becomes stiff and can hardly be pulled.
Our frozen red flag can't fly in the wind. Switch: pull, pull.
(9) Whip refers to the horizon: refers to poetry.
(10) Falling in love is not a heartless thing.
Second, memorize the knowledge list of key sentences.
1. Fill in the blanks with the original text.
(1) Ask He Junneng? The heart is far from being self-centered.
(2) I will sit on a fishing rod and lie lazily by the stream, but I will suddenly dream that I am driving a boat and sailing towards the sun.
I threw the food bar and cup aside. I couldn't eat or drink. I pulled out my dagger. I peeped in four directions in vain.
For many years, this cloth has been as cold as iron, and Joule has been lying down and cracked.
(5) The bow becomes stiff and can hardly be pulled out, making it difficult to protect the iron clothes.
(6) Worry about yourself, the sky is crooked, and the whip refers to the end of the world.
(7) In "Drinking", the poet's eternal famous sentence showing his detachment from the world and love for nature is: Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and seeing Nanshan leisurely.
(8) "it is hard to go" uses allusions to write a sentence that the poet still has expectations for politics: I will sit on a fishing rod and lazily lean against the stream, but I suddenly dream of sailing towards the sun in a small boat.
(9) People often use "I will ride the wind and waves one day, and set my cloudy sail straight and bridge the deep, deep sea" to motivate people to overcome setbacks and strive to realize their life ideals.
(10) In "Bai Xuege Farewell to the Home of Secretary Wu Tian", the famous phrase of "snow" written with strange imagination is: Like a spring breeze, it blows away the petals of ten thousand pear trees at night.
(1 1) The poem "Bai Xuege Farewell Tian Shuji Wu to his hometown" exaggerates the unusually cold weather. He taught a hundred feet of ice, and the gloomy clouds were bleak and Wan Li condensed.
(12) In Ji Hai's miscellaneous poems, the author uses falling flowers as a metaphor, and the sentence that expresses his heart is: falling red is not a heartless thing, but turning into spring mud protects flowers more.
(13) "Then he disappeared at the corner of the pass, leaving only hoofprint" In "A Song of Snow to Send Tian Shuji Home", there is an effect of "sailing alone, the blue sky is exhausted, and the sky only flows along the Yangtze River".
(14) The poem in "The Hut is Broken by Autumn Wind" describes the poet's broad mind and his beautiful ideal, that is, "There are thousands of spacious buildings, and the poor people in the world are happy! The wind and rain do not move. "
(15) Through the poem "A hut was blown by the autumn wind", such a picture will emerge in our mind. A skinny old man, leaning on crutches, looked up at the sky and sighed, "alas!" Suddenly I saw this house in front of me, and I froze to death alone! "
2. Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese.
(1) Ask He Junneng? The heart is far from being self-centered.
Why can you do this? Because of my extraordinary spirit, I naturally feel that my place is secluded.
(2) One day, I will ride the wind and waves, raise my muddy sails and sail in the deep sea.
There will always be a day to ride the wind and waves, sail high and cross the vast sea.
(3) There are thousands of buildings in Ande, which is a huge shelter for all the poor people in the world! The wind and rain are calm as a mountain.
How can there be thousands of tall buildings? Let the poor people in the world stay and be happy. The wind can't blow and the rain can't come in. It's as safe as Mount Tai.
(4) Until dusk, when the snow overwhelmed our tent, our frozen red flag could not fly in the wind.
In the evening, snow fell at the gate of the military camp, and the north wind tore at the frozen red flag and could not float.
(5) Falling red is not heartless. Turning into spring mud will protect flowers.
Falling flowers is not heartless. When they are mixed with spring mud, they will better protect new flowers.
Third, remember knowledge.
Write two poems from memory: drinking and Ji Hai's miscellaneous poems.
Drinking? Tao Yuanming
Building a house is human, and there are no horses and chariots. What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely. The air on the mountain is evening and the birds are coming back.
That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say.
Ji hai's miscellaneous poems? gong zizhen
The vast sadness of parting extends to the setting sun, away from Beijing, riding a whip to the east, feeling that people are on earth.
I quit my job and go home, just like a flower falling from a branch, but this is not a heartless thing. It can be turned into the soil of spring and can also play a role in nurturing the next generation.
Four, literature (style) common sense knowledge.
1. Tao Yuanming, the author of Drinking, is a poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
2. Li Bai, the author of Difficult to Go, is a romantic poet in Tang Dynasty.
3. Du Fu, the author of "The Cottage is Blown by Autumn Wind", is a realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty.
4. A poet in the Tang Dynasty, who wrote a song "Snow White Farewell to the Return of Wu".
Gong Zizhen, the author of Ji Hai's Miscellaneous Poems, is a modern thinker and writer and a pioneer of modern enlightenment thought.
Xiaoshitangji
First, keywords
1. Add some words below.
Hu, bamboo crisp, plum clear, beautiful.
Kany army army army army army army army army army army army army army army army army army army army army.
2. Explain the words added below.
(1) The water is especially clear.
(2) Roll out the bottom of the stone: turn it over.
There are hundreds of fish in the pond.
X: Used after numerals to indicate divisor, which is equivalent to the usage of "lai".
(4) Fighting snakes: such as the Big Dipper. Snake: Like a snake.
(5) It is too clear with its territory: sad and clear.
(6) Not staying long: staying.
(7) Li and followers: followers.
(8) You passed away: suddenly.
If you travel in the air, you have nothing to do: rely on it.
(10) Surrounded by bamboo trees.
Second, memorize the knowledge list of key sentences.
1. Fill in the blanks with the original text.
(1) The whole rock is the bottom, near the shore, and the bottom of the rolling stone comes out, which is land, island, ridge and rock.
(2) The vines on the green trees are twisted and strewn at random.
(3) The sunshine is clear and the shadow is on the stone.
(4) Write a sentence about the twists and turns of the stream: fighting is like a snake and scorpion, flashing is visible.
(5) The sentences expressing the author's feelings are: loneliness, loneliness, sadness and silence.
2. Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese.
(1) The trees are lush, the coverage is distorted, and the brush is irregular.
Green trees, ivy, covered with twisted, swaying drooping, uneven, fluttering in the wind.
(2) If there is nothing to swim.
It's like swimming in the air without any support.
(3) When you are far away, communication is sudden.
Suddenly swim to the distance, come and go, light and flexible.
(4) I am sad and cold, and I am quiet and quiet.
I feel sad, cold, quiet and far-reaching, full of sadness.
(5) Because its territory is too clear, you can't stay long, but remember it.
Because the environment of Xiaoshitang is too bleak to sit for a long time, I wrote down its scene and left.
Third, remember knowledge.
Write a paragraph describing the quiet flow of clear water in the pool.
There are hundreds of fish in the pond. They are all swimming in the air. The sun is clear and their shadows are on the stones. Stop, Aoer is far away, and the exchanges are sudden. It seems fun to be with tourists.
Four, literature (style) common sense knowledge.
The Story of Little Stone Pond is selected from Liuhe Dongji, written by Liu Zongyuan, a writer in the Tang Dynasty. The word is thick, because it was born in Hedong, so it is also called Liuhe East. His humanistic name is widely circulated, and he is called "Liu Han" with Han Yu, and "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" with Han Yu, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong.
Induction of knowledge points in the first volume of junior two Chinese
I. Unit 1: Memories of War
1, six elements of narrative knowledge: people, time, place, cause, process and result of events.
2. The characteristics and structure of news.
3. Master the methods of portraying characters in novels.
4. Try to find out the meaning and usage of key words and sentences in the text.
Unit 2: Melody of Love
1, understand narrative, description and other expressions, and try to figure out the language characteristics of narrative.
2. Grasp the typical cases to show the characters' personalities in a real, vivid and vivid way, and focus on the part of Shan Hai Jing to understand the meaning of key sentences.
3. Learn the writing methods of A Chang Shan Hai Jing, grasp the character characteristics and portray the characters, and grasp the thoughts and feelings contained in the article.
2. Be familiar with the text and master every new word and literary common sense.
back
1, perceive the content of the text as a whole, taste and try to figure out the language, and write the understanding of key languages.
2. Learn the methods of describing characters, especially action description and portrait description, understand the author's thoughts and feelings, and get inspiration from life.
Explanatory knowledge points:
First, the method of explanation.
There are many ways to explain things, such as definition, classification, examples, comparison, analogy, enumerating numbers, drawing charts, quoting data and so on.
The definition of 1. is an explanatory explanation of the basic characteristics of a concept in concise language. Definition can accurately reveal the essence of things and is a common method in scientific and technological discussion.
2. Classification is to classify things or things according to certain standards and explain them to make them clear.
3. For example, by enumerating examples, we can make things more complicated or abstract clear.
4. Contrast refers to comparing some abstract or unfamiliar things with concrete or familiar things, so that readers can get a concrete and vivid impression through comparison. The characteristics of things often appear in comparison.
For example, it is to compare the similarities between two different things, so as to highlight the characteristics of things and enhance the vividness and vividness of explanation.
6。 Enumerating numbers, some things are easy to quantitatively explain the characteristics, and using some numbers to explain them can often make readers understand more accurately and concretely.
7. Drawing charts and explaining things with charts can often make up for the lack of simply expressing things in words and understand things more directly and concretely.
8. Cite materials, covering a wide range, including classic works, famous sayings and aphorisms, formula rules, allusions and proverbs, etc. Citing information for explanation will make the explanation more substantial and specific.
Second, the order of interpretation.
After determining the content of the explanation, we should further consider what kind of order to explain it, so as to make a concrete analysis and highlight the center.
Objective things are varied and complicated, but there are rules to follow and certain organization. When writing expository articles, we should carefully study the characteristics of things and the relationship between things, study the organizational structure of things, and find a reasonable order on this basis, so as to properly reflect the true colors of objective things.
According to the characteristics of the description object, the description order is as follows:
1. Arrange the instructions in chronological order. This order is often used to explain the development process of things. For example, an event, a movement and a production process are usually described in this order. The explanation of ten reliefs in The Immortal People's Hero is obviously the first one to explain one by one in time, taking into account the historical process it reflects.
2. Arrange the explanation order according to the spatial relationship. This order is often used to explain group things. For example, the magnificent Great Hall of the People is explained according to the characteristics of the Great Hall of the People and the law of ordinary people's visits, in the order from far to near, from outside to inside, from main to secondary.
3. Arrange the explanation/preface according to the logical relationship of things. This order is often used to explain things. For example, in Where Does Food Come from, the phenomenon that "a seed can grow into a towering tree and a fish egg can become a huge fish" is analyzed first, and the theory that "all living things need food" is summarized, and then the question of "how to get food" is derived from this theory, which naturally transitions to "two different ways and methods" to get food. When explaining "two different ways and methods"
1, how to grasp the characteristics of the object?
A, topic B, paragraph C, keywords (such as: sentences using interpretation methods, central sentences)
2. Classification and identification of interpretation methods
Classification and function:
First, for example: explain the characteristics of things concretely and truly.
Second, classification: clearly describe the characteristics of things.
Third, analogy: the image vividly illustrates the characteristics of this thing and enhances the interest of the article.
Fourth, list the figures: explain the characteristics of this thing concretely and accurately.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) comparison: characteristics (status, influence, etc. ) is highlighted.
Definition of intransitive verbs: reveal the essence and connotation of the object of explanation concisely and carefully, so as to make the explanation more rigorous.
7. List charts: Illustrate the characteristics of things visually.
8. Citation: Use quotation to illustrate the characteristics of things and enhance persuasiveness, such as quoting ancient poems, proverbs and proverbs.
3. What are the signs of these explanations?
(1) Definition: ... is ..., that is ..., named. ...
(2) Classification: There are several kinds, one is ... and the other is ...
(3) Examples: For example, examples, examples, examples, examples, examples, examples, examples, examples only give some examples.
Compare: To compare with and.
4, explain the order
(1) Spatial order: The shape and structure of things are mostly in the structure of buildings, such as up and down, far and near, left and right, inside and outside, east and west, north and south, etc.
⑵ Time series: explain the development and change of things.
⑶ Logical order: Explain things and explain the internal relations between things.
A, always say first and then say: total score; Points-total; Grand total-Subtotal
B, first big and then small.
C, the reason before the result.
D, from phenomenon to essence.
E. From performance to function.
F, from general to special.
G, from the whole to the part.
5. Explain the characteristics of the language.
⑴ Descriptive language features: accuracy, plainness and conciseness (scientific sketch: vividness).
6. Classification of explanatory texts
(1) According to the object of explanation, it can be divided into physical explanation and logical explanation (explaining the principle or usage of things, etc. ).
(2) According to the characteristics of language, it can be divided into plain exposition and literary exposition (scientific sketch or knowledge sketch) (vivid exposition is often description).
Induction of knowledge points in the first volume of junior two Chinese
Types of ill sentences
1. Incomplete components (lack of subject and object)
① Through this literary exchange activity, students' Chinese literacy has been improved. Correction: Delete "pass" or "make" and the sentence will have a subject.
This report lists a large number of facts and accuses human beings of destroying the ecological environment and causing soil erosion. Correction: Add "behavior" after "loss" to make the sentence have an object.
③ With the intense rescue work, the Psychological Education Center of the University of Science and Technology of China summarized some psychological crisis intervention measures for earthquake disasters. Correction: Add "method" after "intervention" to make the sentence have an object.
Summary: the general method of revision-read through the sentence, find out the missing or redundant components, and complete or delete them. 2. Improper collocation
(1), the provincial party committee and the provincial government recognized him as the honorary title of "model of anti-ice disaster relief in Hunan Province" and "martyr". Correction: Change "ratification" to "posthumous award" or delete "honorary title". ② In order to enliven the after-school life of the graduating class ... Correction: change "lively" to "lively" or "rich".
(3) Showed the achievements of China's space science and technology to the whole world. Correction: Change "Performance" to "Display". Summary: the general method of revision-find out the words that are not properly matched and correct the words that are properly matched. 3. Incorrect word order
(1), various newly discovered epidemic situations, so that we can correct and understand our bad hygiene habits. Correction: change "correct and approve" to "approve and correct".
② After careful selection and extensive solicitation, Haibao will be the mascot of the 20 10 Shanghai World Expo. Correction: replace "select carefully and collect extensively" with "collect extensively and select carefully". (3) China successfully launched and developed the Shenzhou VII manned spacecraft. Correction: replace "startup and development" with "development and startup".
Reading a lot of excellent literary works can not only enrich people's emotions, but also increase their knowledge. Correction: Replace "can enrich people's emotions" with "can increase people's knowledge".
Summary: the general method of revision-find out the improper arrangement in the sentence and make appropriate revisions. 4. Contradictions
1. Nearly a thousand representatives from the financial and insurance system and some schools in our city, ... Correct: "near" and "surplus" are contradictory, delete a summary: the general method of revision-find out the contradictory words and delete one of them to make the sentences smooth. 5. Repetition is troublesome
(1) In order to prevent the theft from happening again, the security department has taken effective measures. Correction: Delete the word "no". Shouldn't those who ignore traffic rules be blamed? Correction: Delete the second word "no" in the sentence. To prevent infection with avian influenza, please pay attention to personal food hygiene. Correction: Delete the word "no". The speed of this newly developed car can reach 280 kilometers per hour. Correction: Delete "every hour". Summary: the general method of revision-find out the repetitive and tedious words in the sentence and delete one of them.
Chinese learning methods in junior two.
Self-content
The correct reading attitude is not to read for the sake of reading, but to absorb what you have learned, turn it into your own use, and combine reading with writing.
Review before the exam
Don't concentrate on reviewing Chinese before the exam, it will be better to review it scattered. It is best to review every Monday. Don't memorize answers, everything will be fine. Pay attention to the key points and skills.
Extracurricular accumulation
There are few scores in the Chinese class in the senior high school entrance examination, so we should do a good job in both in-class accumulation and extracurricular accumulation.
Make full use of the limited resources around you to accumulate, such as textbooks, excellent compositions, publications, masterpieces, network TV broadcasts ... as long as they are beneficial to our study, they can all be accumulated in the accumulation book. The materials should be extensive and novel, with a strong sense of the times, and strive to "care about family affairs, state affairs and world events", which can enrich our thoughts. Lay a good foundation for reading and writing.
Improve writing ability
The basis of writing is the accumulation of materials and ideas. At ordinary times, we should read more books and accumulate more, read more excellent masterpieces and compositions, find out the thinking of writing, write more, learn to learn from them, integrate them, use them more, pay more attention to writing skills, whether the handwriting is neat or not, etc., so that our writing ability will be continuously improved.
brick by brick
Chinese learning should pay attention to the foundation, and don't rush for success. Make a good plan every day, even if you only do a little, as long as you stick to your Chinese level, you will certainly make great progress. You can practice a few words every day, recite several poems and practice dozens of words every week, recite several poems and read several articles skillfully every week, and read a famous book every semester.
Read carefully and think carefully.
Combine memory and understanding closely, both of which are indispensable. To be familiar with reading, we should have "three things": heart, eyes and mouth. "Think carefully" should be good at questioning, asking difficult questions and finally solving problems.