Official position: Hang Duhu, General Wei, Ping Shangshu, Wu (hereditary) Father: Zhuge Liang's mother: Huang's brothers and sisters: Zhuge Qiao (whose biological father was Zhuge Liang's brother, and his adopted son was renamed Zhuge Pan), Zhuge Huai, and Zhuge's sons: Zhuge Shang, Zhuge Jing and Zhuge Wei (son of Zhuge Pan).
Zhuge Zhan (227-263), son of Zhuge Liang, Minister of Shu and Han Dynasties, was a painter and calligrapher. Zhuge Zhan is a precocious talent, and he has been very clever since he was a child. In the 12th year of Jianxing (234), Zhuge Liang wrote to Zhu Gejin, the younger brother of the army, saying, "Jin Zhan is 8 years old, smart and lovely. I don't think he will be a Zhong Er." (Biography of the Three Kingdoms Shu Shu Zhuge Liang, quoted below) shows his expectation and worry about his son's growth. 17 years old, married Princess Shu. To this end, Shu named him the captain of the ride. This is a military attache slightly below the general. The following year, he was promoted to commander Yulin, who was in charge of guarding the palace. Later, he was promoted to shoot a captain, an assistant, a servant of Shang Shu and a general of military division. At that time, people in Shu cherished Zhuge Zhan's moral sentiments and talents even more because they did not forget the old virtues and missed Zhuge Liang very much. All the achievements are attributed to him, saying that he suggested and advocated-in fact, it borrowed the shadow of his father Zhuge Liang, just a nice name. In the fourth year of Jing Yao (26 1), Zhuge Zhan was the general to protect the country, commanding all the generals, and was on an equal footing with Dong Jue, the general of Nanxiang, the auxiliary country. In the winter of AD 6 (263), Wei entered Sichuan from Yinping via Jinggu Road (now south of Wenxian County, Gansu Province), and Zhuge Zhan led the whole army to stop in Fucheng (now east of Mianyang, Sichuan Province). His vanguard troops were defeated by Wei Jun and had to retreat to Mianzhu. At this time, Wargo sent him a letter to persuade him to surrender, which said, "Those who surrender will be regarded as evil kings." Zhuge Zhan was furious after reading the letter and beheaded the envoy sent by Wargo. Then, he led the troops to attack Wei Jun and suffered a heavy defeat. He died in battle at the age of 37. As the son of Zhuge Liang, Zhuge Zhan was influenced by family education since childhood, and his personality and knowledge were excellent. He sacrificed heroically, practiced the Confucian motto of "remonstrate against death and fight against it" and became a loyal minister. Zhuge Liang's early education, such as the Ten Commandments, plays a particularly important role in the formation of his ideology and morality. Zhuge Liang's ability to govern the country and supervise the army naturally influenced him, especially Zhuge Liang's painting and calligraphy art, which was concealed by political genius and military genius, also had a great influence on him. Zhuge Zhan had certain attainments in calligraphy and painting, and was one of the few talents in the Three Kingdoms period. Zhuge Zhan's eldest son, Zhuge Shang, died in the battle with Zhuge Zhan; The second son, Zhuge Jing, moved to Hedong in 264 (now northwest of Xia County, Shanxi Province), and later served as magistrate of a county and secretariat of Jiangzhou. He also made achievements in calligraphy and painting.
Zhuge Liang's son was clever from an early age. Shortly after Zhuge Liang's death, Zhuge Zhan's mother, Huang, also died, leaving only the word "loyalty and filial piety" for Zhuge Zhan. Zhuge Zhan attacked Zhuge Liang, the Hou of Wuxiang, his father. Four years ago, Jing Yao began to March to protect the general. At that time, Huang Hao was busy, so Zhuge Zhan couldn't get sick. Later, Wargo attacked the level tone, and Liu Chan adopted Yongzheng's suggestion. Three letters were sent to Zhuge Zhan to lead the troops, and Zhuge Shang, the son of Zhuge Zhan, was the pioneer to fight against Wargo. After the victory of the first battle, Wargo wrote to lure him in, and Zhuge Zhan beheaded him angrily. Later, he failed in the battle with Wargo. So he wrote a book and asked Wu Dong to send troops to rescue him. But reinforcements didn't arrive, so Zhuge Zhan had to fight again, was surrounded by heavy troops, was shot by an arrow, and finally committed suicide. Zhuge Zhan's son Zhuge Shang also died in battle. Wargo pitied his loyalty and buried Zhuge Zhan and his son together.
Philip Burkart was born in Langya, Yang Du (now yinan county). Born in the first year of Taihe (AD 227), he died in the first year of Yanxing (AD 263). He is the son of Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu. Zhuge Liang commented that Zhuge Zhan was too early to succeed. Yan Xi six years, Zhuge Zhan worship a captain, the following year for feather forest. Later, he was promoted to shoot a captain, served as a lieutenant, served as a servant of Shangshu, and served as a general strategist. Zhuge Zhan is good at calligraphy and painting and has a strong memory. People in Shu miss Zhuge Liang and prefer Zhuge Zhan's quick thinking. Whenever the court has announced good policies and measures, even if it is not suggested and advocated by Zhuge Zhan, the people will spread to each other: "Zhuge Zhan did it." So Zhuge Zhan became famous, but it was not worthy of the name. In the fourth year of Jing Yao (AD 26 1 year), he became the general of the imperial guard, and together with Hou Dongjue, the general of the auxiliary country, he always led the ministers. In the winter of the sixth year of Jing Yao (AD 263), Zhuge Zhan and Wei general Wargo fought in Mianzhu, and were killed together with his eldest son Zhuge Shang at the age of 37. Zhuge Zhan, the son of Zhuge Liang, a famous Shu-Han star, was smart and lovely when he was young, but Zhuge Liang thought he could not succeed. /kloc-married the princess at the age of 0/7, and then she was promoted continuously. Zhuge Zhan is proficient in calligraphy and painting and has a strong memory. In addition, people in Shu and Han dynasties miss Zhuge Liang, so they favor Zhuge Zhan, which makes his reputation somewhat exaggerated. Later, when Zhuge Zhan was in charge of the state affairs, Liu Chan's mistake could not be corrected because of Huang Hao's authoritarian power. Wargo suddenly attacked level tone, and Zhuge Zhan failed to keep watch in time, causing Wargo to enter the plain. Later, Zhuge Zhan refused Wargo's surrender, launched a fierce battle with Wargo in Zhu Jin, and died after being defeated. However, even the enemy admired his dying behavior. Later, the historian Chang Qu made textual research on the old people living in Shu Han. He heard that Chen Shou had been humiliated when he worked under Zhuge Zhan, so he framed Zhuge Zhan and blamed Zhuge Zhan for the failure to stop Huang Hao.
In 234 AD, Zhuge Liang sent troops to practice martial arts, during which he wrote to Zhu Gejin, saying that "Zhuge Zhan is eight years old now, and he is very smart and lovely, but he is afraid that he will not be a great man in the future". Zhuge Liang died of illness, and Zhuge Zhan attacked Jue. In 243, Zhuge Zhan was seventeen years old, married a princess and was made a captain on horseback. In 244 AD, Zhuge Zhan served as a corps commander in Yulin, and successively served as a captain and assistant of the state. Because people in Shu and Han dynasties miss Zhuge Liang, and Zhuge Zhan is proficient in calligraphy and painting and has a strong memory, everyone likes Zhuge Zhan's quick thinking. Whenever the court issued a good decree, although it was not suggested by Zhuge Zhan. People will say to each other, "This is what Zhuge Liang advocated." . As a result, Zhuge Zhan's reputation has been exaggerated, some exaggerated. (In the 16th year of Shu Han Yan Xi, in the 2nd year of Wu Jianxing and in the 5th year of Wei Jiaping) In 253 AD, Zhuge Ke, a teacher of the State of Wu, defeated Wei Jun in the previous year (in the 5th year of Wu Jianxing, in 252 AD), so he planned to fight on a large scale. At that time, Zhuge Zhan served as an official. Zhang Ben wrote to Zhuge Zhan to remind Zhuge Ke not to make a move. Sure enough, Zhuge Ke was defeated in the same year and killed by Sun Jun (the seventh year of Shu Han Yan Xi-the third year of Jing Yao). From 244 to 260 AD, Zhuge Zhan moved to Shangshu and became a general. In 26 1 year, Zhuge Zhan was appointed as Duhu agent and General Wei. Together with the assistant general Dong Jue, he was in charge of Shangshutai's government affairs and state affairs. But at that time, when Huang Hao was in power, the DPRK ministers accommodated him and sheltered him, and no one came out to correct this shortcoming. Liao Hua and Yu Zong made an appointment to see Zhuge Zhan. Yu Zong said, "We are over 70 years old, and we have earned enough. Now we are almost dead. What is it to ask the younger generation to be very tired? " In the end, Yu Zong didn't visit. In 262 AD, Jiang Wei was defeated in the Northern Expedition. Zhuge Zhan, Dong Jue and others thought that Jiang Wei was belligerent and reactive, which caused domestic exhaustion. So he went to Liu Chan and asked Jiang Wei to be the secretariat of Yizhou and cut off his relieving. It is said that this table was preserved by the elders of Shu Han. In the winter of 263 AD (the sixth year of Jing Yao in Shu Han Dynasty/the first year of Yan Xing), the general of Kevin·Z's Western Expedition, Deng Ai, suddenly attacked Yinping and entered from Jinggu Road. Zhuge Zhan led Shang Zun (the grandson of Zhang Fei), Shang Huang Chong (the son of Huang Quan) and Li Qiu (the son of Yu Lin) to lead the army to resist, and they lingered after arriving in Fuxian County. Shang repeatedly advised him to quickly seize the dangerous terrain and prevent the enemy from entering the plain. Zhuge Zhan hesitated and didn't take his advice. Huang Chong wept bitterly for Zhuge Zhan's mistake. Wargo marched in, the forward of the Shu army was defeated, Zhuge Zhan retreated to Zhu Jin, and Wargo sent messengers to seduce Zhuge Zhan: "If you are willing to surrender, I will definitely make you the evil king on the table." Zhuge Zhan was furious, killed the angel of Wargo, and led the army to battle. Before the war, Zhuge Zhan said bitterly, "You can't exclude Huang Hao at home, you can't check and balance Jiang Wei outside, and you can't defend your country by marching. I have three sins. What can I do to get back? " ! "So he held his ground and prepared for a decisive battle. At a time when Huang Chong was encouraging soldiers to fight to the death, Li Qiu was appointed at the last minute, so the last battle of Wei and Shu-the battle of Zhu Jin broke out! Zhuge Zhan is waiting for Wargo in Zhu Jin. Wargo sent his son Deng Zhong to flank from the right, and Sima Shizhen to flank from the left. As a result, both of them were defeated by Zhuge Zhan and retreated. The report said: "The enemy is hard to break!" Wargo said angrily, "it's a matter of life and death, why not!" "Two people were beheaded, so two people fought again. The Shu army was defeated, and Zhuge Zhan and others died. Zhuge Zhan's son, Zhuge Shang, heard that the army was defeated, and sighed and said, "Our father and son have benefited so much from the country, but we failed to cut off Huang Hao early, which led to a fiasco. How can I live? " !" So he rushed into the enemy line and died. In 347 AD, Chang Jiaqu (author of Huayang Guozhi), a historian of the former West Shu, made textual research on the elders of the West Shu. He heard that Chen Shou was humiliated when he worked under Zhuge Zhan, so he framed Zhuge Zhan and blamed Zhuge Zhan for not stopping Huang Hao.
Edit this Biography of Zhuge Zhan (The History of the Three Kingdoms)
Deep word Philip Burkart. In the 12th year of Jianxing, he flaunted his martial arts and wrote to his younger brother Jin, saying, "Zhan is eight years old, smart and lovely, and hates his image as Zhuge Zhan.
[1] If you grow up early, you may not be Zhong Er. "Seventeen years old, is a princess, thanks to riding a surname. Next year will be the commander of Yu Lin, and we will repeatedly shoot a captain, a middle servant, a history servant and a general of the military division. Looking at calligraphy and painting, learning is strong, Shu people remember Ming, and they love their talents. Every court has good governance. Although it was not initiated by foresight, everyone told each other: "What Ge Hou did. "It is famous for its beautiful voice, but it is exaggerated. In four years, Jing Yao defended the general in the capital and made peace with Dong Jue, the general of Nanxiang, an auxiliary country. In the winter of six years, general Deng Ai attacked Shu and entered Shu from Pingyin via Jinggu Road. The scouts stopped in Fucheng, and the pioneers broke, returned and lived in Mianzhu. Ai sent a book to lure him, saying, "If you surrender, you will be regarded as an evil king. "See anger and cut ai ambassador. Later, when the war was defeated, Chen died at the age of 37. When everyone broke up, Ai drove to Chengdu. Looking forward to the eldest son, no vision. (Gambao said: Although foresight is not enough to help the crisis, courage is not enough to defend the enemy, but serving the country abroad, not changing the father's will at home, loyalty and filial piety come first. " "Huayang Guozhi" said: Shang sighed: "Father and son treated Holland very well, and they didn't cut Huang Hao early, so they were defeated. What's the use! "But the pool went to Wei Jun and died. The second son (Zhuge) Jing, (Zhuge) Hao, etc. In the first year of Xi moved to Hedong.
Edit the character evaluation of this paragraph.
Zhuge Liang: Zhan is eight years old, smart and lovely. I don't think he will be a precocious child, so I'm afraid he won't be a Zhong Er. (Zhuge Liang's Book with Zhuge Jin) Zhong Hui: There are many scholars in Bashu. As for Zhuge Siyuan's first step, I am also angry. Gan Bao: Although foresight is not enough to help the crisis and courage is not enough to defend the enemy, he can't bear the country outside, and he won't change his father's will, be loyal and filial. (Gambao's Jin Ji) Sima Yan: Zhuge Liang did his best in Shu, and after his death, he was the best in the world! Dan Tao: Zhuge Liang was ordered to separate his grandfather Liang in Han and his father and son in Shu. Although they have not met their fate, they should do their best (Dan Tao's notice).
Edit this passage from the tomb of Zhuge Zhan and his son.
Shuangzhongci
The tomb of Zhuge Zhan and his son in Mianzhu (also known as Zhuge Shuangzhong Temple) is one of the important Shu-Han relics in Sichuan Province. It is far away from Wuhou Temple in Chengdu, and it was built to commemorate Zhuge's "loyalty and righteousness of the three generations". In the main hall of Wuhou Temple in Chengdu, there are three generations of statues of Zhuge Liang's grandparents and grandchildren in one hall, and the original statues of Mianzhu Shuangzhong Temple also have three generations of grandparents and grandchildren. The front hall is dedicated to Zhuge Zhan and his son, while the back hall is dedicated to Zhuge Liang. The ancestral temples in Chengdu and Mianzhu show the loyalty of Zhuge Liang's three generations, and the noble character of "do your best until you die". In the main hall of Wuhou Temple in Chengdu, there are three generations of statues of Zhuge Liang in the first hall, and the original statue of Mianzhu Shuangzhong Temple is also three generations of grandparents. The front hall is dedicated to Zhuge Zhan and his son, while the back hall is dedicated to Zhuge Liang. The ancestral temples in Chengdu and Mianzhu show the loyalty of Zhuge Liang's three generations, and the noble character of "do your best until you die". Later generations admire and have many poems. On the temple wall of Wuhou Temple in Chengdu, there is a poem inscribed by An Hong in Qing Dynasty entitled "Ganlong Renchen's autumn moon crosses Mianzhu to hang Zhuge's father and son's double loyalty shrine": "The country will be defeated in World War I, and the battlefield will be strong for thousands of years. Xiangmen and his son are both loyal and filial, and they are worthy of being loyal to Wuhou. " There are also many poems inscribed by the predecessors of Mianzhu Shuangzhong Temple, all of which relate to Zhuge's descendants and praise their "three-life loyalty". Mianzhu is the place where Zhuge Zhan and his son refused to surrender and died for their country. So Mianzhu enjoys the reputation of loyal minister and dutiful son. The existing ancient buildings of Zhuge Shuangzhong Temple include Kaidui Temple and Baidian Temple. Kaisi was built in Qing Qianlong for three years, and Baidian was built in Daoguang for seven years. After Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, it was repaired and expanded almost every 20 years. By the end of Qing Dynasty, Shuangzhong Temple was already a temple in Cui Wei with exquisite inscriptions and considerable scale. Since 1985, the local government has carried out a major renovation of Shuangzhong Temple, built the gate of loyalty and filial piety, built the worship hall, renovated the tomb and built a new cultural relics exhibition room. And in the worship hall, a large-scale colored sculpture "Soul Strong Mianzhu Pass" was produced. This group of sculptures reproduces the tragic scene that Zhuge Zhan and his son died in Mianzhu Pass, giving up every inch of land and serving the country. The sculpture is realistic, vivid in shape and realistic in expression. Look at this group of colored sculptures, as if you were in the ancient battlefield of that year. The plaque in front of the meeting was inscribed by General Zhang Aiping in four characters: "Loyalty, Justice and Han Family". The horizontal plaque above the statue is the five characters of "Strong Soul Mianzhu Pass" inscribed by Mr. Cao Yu, a famous opera writer in China. Behind the meeting, Zhuge Zhan's father and son's tomb stands tall, surrounded by green trees and green grass. There stands a huge stone tablet in front of the tomb, which reads: "Tomb of Zishang, Zhuge Zhan, the general of Han defense". On both sides of the tomb, there is an armored Gu Song with mottled scales, feet like dragons and blades like swords, just like two warriors with swords guarding loyal souls.
Editing this history: descendants of Zhuge Liang
In Wuhou Temple all over the country today, except Zhuge Liang sitting in the center of the main hall, statues of his son Zhuge Zhan and grandson Zhuge Shang are generally enshrined on his sides. Zhuge Liang married Huang when he was in Longzhong, and he had no children of his own for nearly 30 years after marriage. During this period, Zhuge Liang once adopted Zhuge Qiao, the second son of his eldest brother Zhu Gejin. Zhuge Qiao died at the age of 25. His son Zhuge Pan served as a general in Yiwu in Shu. Later, Zhuge Liang's eldest brother, Zhu Gejin, was beheaded in Dongwu, and Zhuge Liang once again became a descendant of Zhu Gejin. Around the age of 46, Zhuge Liang's biological son Zhuge Zhan was born. According to historical records, Zhuge Zhan was only eight years old when Zhuge Liang died. But he grew up smart and cute, Mianzhu Zhuge Zhan's father and son's tomb.
Good at painting and calligraphy, strong memory. When he grew up, he started as a junior officer and rose to the position of military adviser and general once held by his father. It is said that as long as there is something in the court of Shu that conforms to public opinion, although Zhuge Zhan didn't do it, people always say that Zhuge Liang's son did it. Later, General Zhuge Zhan was appointed as an official of Wei. Wei once managed the affairs of Shu. When Wei General Wargo crusaded against Shu, Zhuge Zhan led the army to resist and died in Mianzhu. At that time, his son, Zhuge Shang, was only seventeen years old and died in battle. When Zhuge Zhan was martyred, his second son, Zhu Gejin, was too young to join the army and fight, so he survived. After the Jin Dynasty unified the Three Kingdoms, Zhu Gejin was moved to the Central Plains by the new dynasty to recruit talents. Zhu Gejin became the magistrate of Meixian County in the border region and managed it well. At that time, his grandfather Zhuge Liang tried to attack Meixian many times, but all failed. Unexpectedly, history played a little joke on him and made his grandson, whom he had never met before, the county magistrate here. Zhuge Liang's eldest brother, Zhu Gejin, joined Dongwu in his early years and won the respect of Sun Quan. Later, officials reached the highest military positions such as generals. His eldest son, Zhuge Ke, was even more brilliant in Wu Guoquan at that time. Later, he died in a coup and the Zhuge family in Soochow was hacked to death. Zhuge Dan, Zhuge Liang's cousin, followed Cao Cao very early and served as a first-class official in Wei. After being beaten by Sima's family, all the family members were killed. As a result, except for the people in Langya, Shandong Province, the only survivors recorded in the history books are Zhuge Liang's grandson. After serving as the magistrate of Meixian County, Zhu Gejin continued to be promoted, and finally the official went to Jiangzhou to make a secretariat ... Since then, there is no record of Zhu Gejin's descendants in the history books. So, does Zhuge Liang have direct descendants to pass on to this day? At present, there are a group of people named Zhuge in Linyi, Shandong Province and Lanxi, Zhejiang Province. They all have their own genealogy to record their relationship with Zhuge Liang. In Zhejiang, descendants of Zhuge are almost all over the province. But it is said that they all originated in Zhuge Village, Lanxi City, Zhejiang Province. Since the Ming Dynasty, Zhuge people in Lanxi mainly engaged in traditional Chinese medicine. It is said that this is the ancestral motto of "either a good doctor or a good doctor". Later, they gradually developed in this industry. In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, Zhuge people opened their own Chinese medicine shops all over Zhejiang, even in major cities across the country, and formed a commercial gang called "Lanxi Medicine Gang", which was very popular. At the same time, it has also created many gorgeous and exquisite residential buildings in Zhuge Village today. After the Republic of China, Lanxi's Chinese medicine industry gradually declined. Zhuge village is currently dominated by tourism.