Ci is one of China's ancient poems. It began in Liang Dynasty, formed in Tang Dynasty and flourished in Song Dynasty. Poetry can be traced back to The Book of Songs.
From the topic:
Poems can be selected freely, and words must have epigraph names.
From the relationship with music:
In ancient times, unhappy people were called poems, and happy people were called songs. In modern times, they are collectively called poetry. However, poetry eventually broke away from music, and only after breaking away from music did it become mature and prosperous. However, Ci originated from the soil of music, and musicality is the most basic feature of Ci-style literature. Even in the Southern Song Dynasty, after Ci no longer completely entered the musical aria and became a new kind of metrical poem, it still had to be filled according to the rhythm and tune stipulated in Ci.
In terms of form:
(1) Different sentence patterns:
Poetry has metrical poems and quatrains, seven words and five words, and metrical poems are unified.
Characters can be roughly divided into Xiao Ling (less than 58 words), Middle Tone (59-90 words) and Long Tone (more than 9 1 word, with the longest word reaching 240 words). A word, some with only one paragraph, is called monotony; Some are divided into two sections, called double tones; Some are divided into three or four sections, which are called three or four sections. Moreover, words have epigrams, words have a fixed format under the name of each epigram, and several words in each sentence have requirements.
(2) The rhyme rules of poetry are also different:
Metric poems only use flat rhymes, rhyme to the end, rhyme every other sentence, and the first sentence can be suppressed or not;
The words are flat and even, with rhyme in the middle and variable rhyme feet, but according to the rules of meter.
(3) The antithesis rules of poetry are also very different:
The second couplet and the third couplet of metrical poems must be antithetical, but if they are antithetical, they are much more flexible and have no unified requirements. These two points can be seen from the above example.
(4) From the theme content:
"Poetry expresses ambition"; Words and feelings.
From the perspective of language features:
From the linguistic point of view, the language of poetry tends to be natural and fresh, and the language of writing tends to be exquisite and gorgeous. Poetry is a typical language art, while Ci is a typical exquisite language art. Because the theme of Ci is mostly related to women, the language of Ci is also soft, soft and fragrant.
From the aspects of style and artistic conception:
Poetry is fascinating. The emotional expression of poetry tends to be solemn; The emotional expression of words is often charming. The emotional expression of "poetry reveals words" tends to be explicit and clear; The emotional expression of words is often implicit. "Poetry is firm but words are soft": the emotional expression of poetry tends to be vigorous and bright, while the emotional expression of words tends to be soft and delicate. "Poetry has territory and words are long". The realm of poetry is open, while the realm of words is narrow and profound.