Fan Chengda (11June 26, 2006-119365438+1October1), with the word "capable" and the word "young", was recognized in his early years. Han nationality, born in Wuxian County, Pingjiang Prefecture (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). Famous officials, writers and poets in the Southern Song Dynasty.
After his death, he was named Shao Shi, Chong Guogong and Wenmu of posthumous title, later called "Fan Wenmu". Fan Chengda is famous for his literature, especially his poems. He started with Jiangxi School, then studied the poems in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, inherited the realistic spirit of poets such as Bai Juyi, Wang Jian and Zhang Ji, and finally became his own family. Simple style, fresh and charming. Poetry has a wide range of themes, and the works that reflect the content of rural social life have the highest achievements. Together with Yang Wanli, Lu You and You Mao, they are also known as the "Four Masters of Zhongxing" in the Southern Song Dynasty. His works had a significant influence in the late Southern Song Dynasty, especially in the early Qing Dynasty. There is a saying that "the home is south of the sword and the stone lake is home". He is the author of Shihu Collection, Lu Lan, Wu, Wu Junzhi and Gui Zhiheng.
Early career
Fan Chengda was born in Wuxian (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) on the fourth day of June in the first year of Jingkang, Song Qinzong (11June 26th, 2026). He was very clever since he was a child. He read the history of the Bible at the age of twelve and began to write poems at the age of fourteen.
In the 12th year of Shaoxing (1 142), Song Gaozong's biological mother, Wei (Queen Ren Xian), returned to North Korea from the State of Jin, and Fan Chengda was one of the best.
In the fourteenth year of Shaoxing (1 144), I studied in Jianzifu Temple in Kunshan, and I couldn't go out for ten years. He once took a phrase from the Tang Dynasty, "But where is the corner of the mountain" and boasted that this mountain is a layman.
Shaoxing twenty-four years (1 154), Fan Chengda Jinshi.
Shaoxing joined the army in Huizhou in the 26th year (1 156) and arrived in the spring of this year.
In the thirty-second year of Shaoxing (1 162), he went to Lin 'an to supervise Taiping Huimin and Heji Bureau.
In April of the first year of Longxing (1 163), Fan Chengda was appointed as the censor and edict officer of Gao Zongsheng.
In February of the second year of Longxing (1 164), he served as a member of the Privy Council. /kloc-in October/February, he was appointed secretary of the province.
In March of the first year of Dadao (1 165), he served as the school librarian. In June, he also served as editor of the National History Institute. 1 1 month, transferred to Zuo Lang.
In February of the second year of Dadao (1 166), Fan Chengda was appointed as a member of the official department of Shangshu. In March, he was framed for overstepping his rank, dismissed from office, and immediately took charge of the temple.
In December of the third year (1 167), the avenue was used by the imperial court and was known as Zhizhou. In May of the following year, Fan Chengda entered the palace to answer questions from Song Xiaozong and Zhao Shen. Chen said that the content of strength includes Japan's strength, national strength and manpower. He thought it was consumed by an urgent matter at this time, and Xiaozong readily adopted his advice. In July, I went to Chuzhou. In August, I arrived in Chuzhou. Fan Chengda made a righteous service for Chuzhou. Its law stipulates that: the people take Dubao as the unit, and according to the number of households and the situation of service, each household buys land according to the loss of money of the rich and the poor, and those who collect land to help the service take turns to serve. Volunteer service is ok, both public and private are convenient.
Avenue five years (1 169) in May, the court called Fan Chengda as the foreign minister of the Ministry of Rites, the storyteller of Chongzheng Hall, the editor of the National History Institute and the judge of the records. During the trunk road period (1165-1173), the number of stolen goods was stipulated, which was low in valuation and heavy in conviction. Fan Chengda said: "In peacetime, the price of each silk is less than 1,000 yuan, while the price is several times higher. In the early years of Shaoxing, the price of silk rose by five points, and 3 thousand was enough. Silk is really expensive now, and it should be twice the price at that time. " Zhao Shen said in surprise: "This is a legal provision that puts people in trouble." So the price of silk rose to 4 thousand, and the punishment was lightened. /kloc-worked as a guest house manager and lecturer in October and February, and still served as an assessor of the hospital.
Don't put your life to shame.
When Song and Jin signed the Longxing Peace Conference, the court forgot to agree on the etiquette of book collection, and once regretted it. In May, the sixth year of Daodao (1 170), Fan Chengda was appointed as a living lang, acting as a college student corps commander, a doctor in Zuo Taizhong, a scholar in Liquan and a founding father of Danyang County. He once served as a national envoy, praying for the mausoleum of the Emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty and asking for more books. Because Fan Chengda's credentials only mentioned the mausoleum, Zhao Shen refused to invite and accept the book. Before he left, he said to Fan Chengda, "I won't harm you if you don't form an alliance! It is reasonable to eat snow. "Chen Junqing, left, went to that position because he urged him to suspend his mission. Chen Liang, assistant minister of the official department, dismissed from office, blaming Juyunzhou (now Gao 'an, Jiangxi) for saying that it should not be dismissed. Director Li is too scared to do it. Fan Chengda left generously. At that time, the greeting messenger in Xu Jin admired Fan Chengda's reputation, so much so that he imitated Fan Chengda to wear a towel.
After Yanshan, Fan Chengda secretly drafted the paper, which was devoted to the ceremony of accepting credentials and put it in his arms. Fan Chengda presented his credentials for the first time, and his words were generous. When the rulers and ministers were listening carefully, Fan Chengda suddenly said, "Both dynasties became uncle and nephew, but the etiquette of collecting books was uncertain. I have a memorial hall here. " So I took out the hand board inserted at my waist. Wan was surprised and said, "Is this the place to submit credentials?" Government ministers beat him with hand boards to help him up, but Fan Chengda was still kneeling and must send credentials. Soon, when he returned to his residence, Wan sent a companion to make a notice. Fan Chengda has been kneeling and presenting credentials, and the Jin Dynasty has been talking about it. The prince tried to kill Fan Chengda, but was stopped by the King of Yue, and Fan Chengda was able to save his integrity and return. In September, Chengda returned to Song Dynasty. Yong refused to answer Song's invitation, but only allowed to move to the mausoleum and agreed to return Qin Zong's uterus. After Fan Chengda returned to China, he wrote the Diary of Ambassador Kim.
Nanzhai jiaoguang
After Fan Chengda returned to China, he was appointed as a Chinese official. At first, Zhao Shen wrote Cui Mianzhu's Money Case, and even the scholar-bureaucrat's On Politics was given to the assistant minister. Fan Chengda said: "The original intention of the Imperial Book" On Politics "is to strictly observe the law and discipline and rectify the long-standing abuses. Recently, Dali Temple has agreed to punish them, increasing them by one level in turn. This is not a harsh law for peace, but cruelty. " Zhao Shen called what he said wise. Zhang said that he was appointed as a Privy Council member. Fan Chengda drafted a book, refused to issue a detention order for seven days, and gave advice. Finally, he blocked the appointment, but Fan Chengda was also transferred.
In the seventh year of the Avenue (1 17 1), Fan Chengda wrote "Ying Ji learned Jingjiang House (Guilin, Guangxi) and became a comfort messenger of Guangxi", which was a journey of "making friends with Nanfu".
On the seventh day of the twelfth lunar month (1 172), Fan Chengda started from his hometown of Wu Jun (Suzhou), passed through Huzhou and Yuhang in the south, went to Fuyang to enter Fuchun River, then passed through Tonglu and Lanxi to enter Qujiang, then passed through Xinzhou (Shangrao), Guixi and Yugan to Nanchang, and then entered Ganjiang River.
In the ninth year of trunk roads (1 173), 1 month 12, Fan Chengda went to Linjiang Army (Zhangshu), and 14, visited Xianglin and Yuan Pan, which left a deep impression on Fan Chengda. After living in seclusion in Shihu in his later years, he devoted himself to running Fancun in Shihu, "beautiful with one third of his land" and wrote a special book. After Fan Chengda, it entered Shui Yuan, a tributary of Ganjiang River, and entered Hunan via Yuanzhou (Yichun) and Pingxiang. Pan-Xiangjiang River goes south to Hengshan Mountain, and land passes through Yongzhou and Quanzhou. On March 10, Fan Chengda entered Guilin.
The journey between land and water is * * * 3,000 miles, which lasted for March. I wrote a volume of travel notes, taking the poem of "It is far better to fly to Guilin to visit immortals" by Han Yu, and named it "Lu Luan Lu".
At that time, Guangxi was relatively poor, relying entirely on salt benefits, and Cao Chen took away all the salt benefits, so the counties and cities they belonged to had the disadvantage of raising salt prices and selling them to the people. Zhao Shen issued a letter to restore the banknote salt, and Cao Si withheld the banknote salt, which was evenly distributed to the ministries, but the money did not arrive on time. Fan Chengda arrived in Guangxi and said, "Is there any more vital interest than this?" Shang Shen said: "We can reduce the amount of Cao Si's access by force to make the counties more abundant, and then we can ban the sale of goods and suppress distribution." Zhao Shen accepted his suggestion. A few years later, salt merchants in Guangzhou wrote to beg for the resumption of salt trading. The Prime Minister agreed with them and gave them a lot of money to help them. Many people feel bad, but this opinion was sent to the relevant departments for discussion, and ultimately failed to change Fan Chengda's method. According to the old law, horses purchased by the government should not exceed four feet and three inches, and Zhao Shen increased it to more than four inches under the imperial edict. Fan Chengda said that the mutual market should not change suddenly after 40 years.
Xijin Bashu
In the second year of Xichun (1 175), Fan Chengda was appointed as the magistrate of Sichuan. On the way, he said, "Tubo and Qing Qiang invaded Lizhou twice, while Nuerjie and Fan Lie were especially cunning and despised China. I want to guide soldiers, build castles outside, explain the methods of training unity, and let everyone fight. These three aspects cannot be done without money. " Xiaozong gave Du Die 400,000 yuan. Before Fan Chengda took office, he changed from Sichuan Post to Back Office Post (Chengdu Road). Fan Chengda thinks that Lizhou is an important town in the southwest border, and it needs to add 5,000 soldiers who can fight. Please set up a road department supervisor. There are eighteen routes of Tubo invasion, all of which are fenced and guarded by troops respectively. Daughter Jie invaded the quiet village and sent 1000 soldiers from Feishan Army to stop it. It is estimated that they ran away in three days, and it turned out to be so. Wang Wencai, the commander of Baishui Village, privately married the daughter of barbarians and often took people to attack the border. Fan Chengda used four rewards to make barbarians doubt each other. Soon, Wang Wencai was captured and sent to prison, and Fan Chengda killed him immediately. There used to be 30,000 righteous men on the northern border of Shu. They are local militia. The prison army and the sheriff waited on them privately, and the commander-in-chief asked them to take turns guarding the border with the army. Fan Chengda tried to stop them, but it didn't happen. Sun Songshou and Fan Hanguang, celebrities in Shu, refused to be officials, and Fan Chengda praised their integrity. All available talents were recruited by Fan Chengda, who gave full play to his strengths, regardless of details. His outstanding letters of recommendation are often famous in the imperial court and spread to the second palace. Fan Chengda made friends with Lu You in Sichuan through writing, and they became inseparable friends.
In the fourth year of Xichun (1 177), Fan Chengda left his post, set out from Wan Li Bridge in Chengdu at the end of May, and entered Panmen in Wu Jun (Suzhou) in October. This trip is relatively simple: enter the Yangtze River along the Minjiang River, then pass through the Three Gorges, enter Jiangsu through Hubei and Jiangxi, and transfer from Zhenjiang to Changzhou and Suzhou. There are two volumes of travel notes on this trip, named Wu after Du Fu's Boating in Wan Li. Compared with the first two records, this book is the longest and the most important for future generations.
Dongbao Donghai
In the fourth year of Xichun (1 177), Fan Chengda fell ill and requested to pay homage. On May 29th, I left Chengdu. In October, he returned to Lin 'an to summon him, and Zhao Shen appointed him as the Minister of does.
In the fifth year of Xichun (1 178), the minister of rites paid tribute. In April, Chinese doctors visited officials to learn about political affairs and have the right to supervise the revision of national history and calendar. In June, he was impeached by the remonstrating officer and was appointed to be in charge of the temple view.
In the seventh year of Xichun (1 180), Fan Chengda was appointed as the magistrate and coastal ambassador of Mingzhou, and was allowed to remove tens of thousands of yuan from the donation of seafood and his predecessor, Zhao Kai, in order to reduce human consumption.
In the eighth year of Xichun (1 18 1), in February, the court appointed Fan Chengda as a bachelor of Duanmingtang because of his "meritorious service in governing the county". In March, Ren Jiankang (now Nanjing) was the magistrate. In April, Fan Chengda arrived. As soon as Jiankang took office, he transferred 200 thousand stone rice saved by the army to help the hungry, and please subtract 50 thousand stone from the rent.
In the 9th year of Xichun (1 182), in August, Fan Chengda was rewarded with "transfer of officials" for his contribution to drought relief. 1 1 month, specially appointed by Dr. Tazhong. Wu Xu, a water thief, made an insurrection in secret, known as "General Jingjiang", and was captured and killed by Fan Chengda.
In the tenth year of cherishing spring (1 183), Fan Chengda not only called for opening warehouses to help the hungry, but also ordered the domestic drive to catch migratory locusts. Suffering from the storm, he asked for an official five times from the solstice of summer to autumn. In August of the same year, he was appointed as a Bachelor of Senior Minister and was promoted to Dong Xiao Palace in Lin 'an again.
Retirement and leisure
After becoming an official, Fan Chengda spent ten years in Shihu, enjoying his leisurely old age. In the 13th year of Xichun (1 186), he wrote his last masterpiece Sixty Poems of the Four Seasons, and in the 3rd year of Shaoxi (1 192), he wrote Wu Junzhi for his hometown.
In November of the fifteenth year of Xichun (1 188), it became well-known in Fuzhou. Fan Chengda resigned many times, but they were not allowed. He had to go to North Korea to be summoned, and was rewarded by Zhao Shen. He gave him two vermilion calligraphy poems by Su Shi, and Prince Zhao Dun (Song Guangzong) also gave him three Chinese characters "Wanshoutang". Later, I discussed things in Yanhetang.
In the sixteenth year of Xichun (1 189), he went to Fuzhou and Wuzhou (now Jinhua, Zhejiang) and claimed that he was ill. He asked to work in the shrine and was approved by the court. Later, he put forward "the urgent task at present" to the newly enthroned Zhao Dun. In the same year, Wu Jun was named the founding Hou.
In the third year of Shao Xi's reign (1 192), Fan Chengda was added to the imperial court as a university student in Senior Minister's Hall, and he knew about Taiping House. Fan Chengda was not allowed to resign many times, so he had to take office in May. In June, the second daughter died, and Fan Chengda resigned and went home.
In the fourth year of Shao Xi (1 193), the Complete Works of Poems and Poems Written by Fan Chengda during his illness was completed, and his son Fan Xin was ordered to ask Yang Wanli for an order. In autumn, Fan Chengda was seriously ill, so he invited an official position. On September 5th (65438+1 October1), Fan Chengda died at the age of 68. Give the five senses to the court. 1February 13 was buried beside Shangsha Chishan, Zhide Township, Wuxian County. Later, he presented Shao Shi, Chong Guogong and posthumous title Wenmu.