(1) Examples of problems
1. What rhetorical (expressive) techniques are mainly used in this poem to express feelings? Try to make a brief evaluation of the whole poem.
2. What expressive (rhetorical) techniques are used in the X sentence in the poem? What's the role? Try to make a brief evaluation of the whole poem.
(2) Step of answering questions
1. Answer a specific rhetorical device first.
2. Answer rhetorical function words+poetic content.
3. Finally, it points out the feelings expressed by the poet using this rhetoric.
(C) the answer paradigm
This poem (or X sentence or X couplet) uses …, and … (the functional term of rhetoric) successfully writes … (a comment on the poem), expressing the poet's feelings …
(4) Direct examination questions
A farewell to Shang Hu Tingrongyu.
It's a pavilion on the Spring Breeze Lake, and wicker vines are divorced.
The oriole has known each other for a long time, and she wanted to stop crying four or five times.
Q: What kind of expression does the poet use to express his deep affection for the pavilion on the lake? Try to analyze the poem in detail. Answer analysis: The poet used anthropomorphic techniques and a series of anthropomorphic verbs such as "tie", "acquaintance" and "desire to leave" to endow wicker vine and oriole with human feelings and vividly and subtly express their deep affection for the pavilions on the lake.
Second, the description technique.
(1) Examples of problems
1. The details of this poem are very successful. Try to make a brief analysis based on this poem.
2. What are the characteristics and functions of this poem in scenery description?
3. What are the characteristics of this poem in description?
(2) Step of answering questions
1. First define the characteristics of description (detail description, line drawing, front and side description; The characteristics of scenery description must also consider the order, reality, up and down, distance, height, etc.);
2. A brief description of related poems;
3. Reaction analysis
(C) the answer paradigm
1. This poem successfully uses the description of … and writes … (poetic interpretation), which sets off the feelings of the poet ….
2. The characteristics of this poem in scenery description are …, which makes the scenery … (answer the role, such as the combination of static and dynamic, the combination of virtual and real), and at the same time renders the atmosphere of … and expresses the poet's feelings …
(4) Direct examination questions
Qiu Si Zhangji
The annual autumn wind blows to Luoyang city, and my wandering son doesn't know how his relatives in his hometown are; Writing a letter to peace has too much to say and I don't know where to start.
I was so anxious that I couldn't speak. The pedestrians came and left.
Q: "Pedestrians come and leave" is a detailed description of success. Please use the whole poem to briefly analyze the success of this detailed description.
Answer analysis: this detail seems ordinary, but it not only takes care of the "meaning" but also closely follows the theme of "fear of recovery", vividly describing the importance that pedestrians attach to their letters from home and their deep yearning for their loved ones, and describing the complicated and subtle psychology that pedestrians are afraid of endless words. It can make readers feel deep homesickness.
Third, the lyric way
(1) Examples of problems
1. What are the characteristics of lyric poetry? Please enjoy these poems briefly.
2. How does the poet express his feelings in this poem? Please enjoy these poems briefly.
3.X sentence is worth pondering, please make a brief appreciation from the perspective of emotion and scenery.
(2) Step of answering questions
1. First, determine whether this poem is lyrical directly or indirectly; If it is an indirect expression, then determine which one is specific;
2. After that, briefly explain what you wrote and express your feelings in poetry;
3. Finally, to point out the function of this lyric way, we need to use terms, such as implication and incisiveness.
(C) the answer paradigm
This poem adopts the lyrical way of …, and the whole poem mainly writes … (content) and expresses the feelings of …, which makes the expression of the poet's feelings appear … (words).
(4) Direct examination questions
Duan Ju Li Shangyin
Books in the distance return to dreams, and only empty beds are Su Qiu's enemies.
Under the steps of moss mangroves, the moon is sad in the rain.
[Note] ① End residence: idle residence. ② Pingqiu: synonymous with autumn.
Q: What are the artistic features of the three or four sentences in this poem? Please analyze it briefly.
Answer analysis: in terms of artistic techniques, the biggest feature of the third and fourth sentences is to express emotion by borrowing scenery. By describing the colors of moss, mangroves, rain and the moon, the poet endowed the objective scenery with strong subjective colors, created a cold atmosphere, and expressed sadness, loneliness and homesickness.
Fourth, thoughts and feelings
(1) Examples of problems
1. What kind of thoughts and feelings does this poem express?
2. What is the theme of this poem?
(2) Step of answering questions
1. First realize whether this poem is a happy poem or a sad poem;
2. Analyze the reasons of happiness or sadness in combination with the content of the poem;
3. finally determine what the specific feelings are.
(C) the answer paradigm
This poem shows a beautiful picture and expresses the poet's thoughts and feelings through the description of …. (4) Direct examination questions
Ode to du fu, a historic site
Thousands of mountains and valleys are close to Jingmen, and girls grow up here.
She came out of the purple palace and entered the desert. Now she has become a green grave in the yellow dusk.
Her face! Can you imagine the spring wind? Back to the soul in the moonlight.
The Tatar song on her jade guitar tells her eternal sadness.
Q: What are the poet's thoughts and feelings?
Answer analysis: this poem expresses the poet's deep sympathy for Wang Zhaojun's unfortunate experience by writing about his beauty and being far away from home and helpless in the desert. At the same time, it also expresses the poet's lament about his wandering around the world and his lack of talent.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) opinion comment
Do you agree with someone's evaluation of this poem? Why? Please talk about your reasons in combination with the poem.
(2) Step of answering questions
1. Find out the evaluation angle (content form? The whole part? Expression technique? );
2. Reading poetry and someone's evaluation;
3. Study poetry and form your own opinions;
4. Analyze the basis of your point of view in combination with the original poem.
(C) the answer paradigm
1. Agreed. The reasons are: ... (combined with the specific analysis of this poem)
2. The reason is: ... (Based on the specific analysis of this poem)
(4) Direct examination questions
Midnight Wu Ge? Qiu Ge Li Bai
There is moonlight in Chang 'an, and all the families in Yi Dao are there.
The autumn wind blew Yi Dao's voice, and every household remembered the people guarding the border.
Regular answering mode of ancient poetry appreciation
When will the border war be settled and when will my husband end his expedition?
Q: My predecessors once said, "I stole the last two sentences and made a quatrain, which made me even more confused." Do you agree with this statement? Please explain the reason.
The regular answering mode of ancient poetry appreciation,
Answer analysis: ① Agree. Reason: The fourth sentence "Guan Yu Qing" is about women's yearning for recruiters, and the sadness of women's yearning for recruiters has overshadowed the last two sentences of the poem "Oh, when the Tatar army was conquered and when my husband returned from a long battle!" . The deletion will not affect the poetic expression, but will be more refined and implicit. ② Disagree. Reason: The last two sentences of Dang Su Qu deepen the expression of the content of "jade love" in front, from the love of relatives to the love of home and country, expand the content of poetry and sublimate the realm of poetry.
Sixth, compare appreciation.
(1) Examples of problems
1. These two poems are addressed to … What do they mean?
2. What are the similarities and differences between the thoughts and feelings expressed in these two poems?
3. What methods of expression are used in these two poems?
(2) Step of answering questions
1. First, make clear the comparison angle and find out the similarities and differences between them;
2. Then write the similarities and differences and make a concrete analysis and research with poetry;
3. Finally, point out the role of differences in their respective poems.
(C) the answer paradigm
Both poems express the poet … (write similarities); The differences are: the first song … (write down the differences and their expressive functions) and the second song … (write down the differences and their expressive functions).
(4) The test questions directly hit Zhong Ping's familiar points.
The west wind, blowing across the plain, brings the fragrance of millet; In spring, splashing into the ditch, the threshing floor is a busy one.
The old cow paid the farm debt and lay in the sunset on the top of the grass.
Li Gang, a sick cow
Niu Geng's 1,000-acre disease has brought the fruits of labor to thousands of granaries, but its own spirit is very tired and exhausted, but who will pity its hard work?
But in order to satisfy all sentient beings, even if they are sick in the sun, they will not hesitate.
Q: Both poems describe the image of a cow. Do their images have the same meaning? Please analyze it.
Answer analysis: different. The "old cow" in River Book is a contented and carefree image. The poet used this image to express his desire to get rid of "repaying the principal and interest" like an old cow, and also implicitly expressed his long-term frustration in his official career. The sick cows plowed a lot of land before they got sick, which made people harvest thousands of tons of food. When I was old and sick, I was given a cold shoulder, but I still read "All living things are full". This is a lofty image poet who is willing to sacrifice to the end after paying all the sweat and sweat. Taking the cow as a metaphor, he wrote his own bumpy and bitter experience and expressed his mind of "worrying about the world first" and was willing to sacrifice it to the end.
Seven, image appreciation
(1) Examples of problems
1. What images are used in the poem? Combined with the whole poem, this paper analyzes the role of images in the whole poem.
2. Analyze whether an image plays the same role in two poems.
(2) Step of answering questions
1. Identify the image and describe it;
2. Summarize the characteristics and functions of images;
3. Analyze and reveal the poet's emotion contained in the image.
(C) the answer paradigm
This poem uses the image of … to render the atmosphere of … (technical summary) and express the feelings of the poet ….
(4) Direct examination questions
Partridge day [song] Yan
Shili terraces lean on green, and cuckoos crow in the depths of flowers. Talking to pedestrians diligently is not like a songbird flying for the second time. Sleep in a dream, when it clears up that day. It's better to return than to return. Is it true that the end of the world has not returned, and it is impossible to strive for a return date?
Q: Why did the poet write The Cuckoo's Call?
Analysis of the answer: The poet used the image of the cuckoo, which seemed to make people feel its piercing cry, rendered the sad atmosphere, and euphemistically and implicitly expressed the poet's sadness of wandering around the world and being homeless.
Eight, artistic conception taste
(1) Examples of problems
1. What artistic conception does this poem create and what is its function?
2. What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express?
(2) Step of answering questions
1. Explain related poems;
2. Summarize the characteristics and functions of artistic conception;
3. Analyze the poet's emotion contained in the artistic conception.
(C) the answer paradigm
This poem depicts the picture of …, creates the atmosphere (artistic conception) of …, and expresses the feelings of the poet ….
(4) Direct examination questions
Full moon and fifteen nights, Wang Jian
In the egret habitat, Coody Leng is silent and wet with osmanthus.
Tonight, people are looking forward to it. I wonder who will fall in Qiu Si?
Q: What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express?
Answer analysis: The poet painted a moonlit picture of Mid-Autumn Festival: moonlight sprinkled on the courtyard, and the ground seemed to be covered with frost and snow. The crows in the trees in the yard stopped making noise. In this silent moment, the autumn dew is faint and traceless, and the osmanthus in the court is wet. This is a quiet and sad picture, which expresses the feelings of parting and reunion very euphemistically. Expressed the poet's yearning for the moon.
Nine, word scrutiny
(1) Examples of problems
1. Do you think a word in this poem is well used?
2. Different versions of the same poem use different words. Do you think it's well written? Why?
3. What is the most vivid word in couplets or sentences? Why?
4. Taste a sentence in a piece of work and make a simple analysis.
(2) Step of answering questions
1. Explain the meaning of words in the poem accurately;
2. Analyze the expressive function of words in combination with poems;
3. Make clear the direction of answering questions: Does A have rhetorical or descriptive techniques, and if so, point out its role; B's effect on related images or artistic conception, and C's effect on the poet's emotional expression.
(C) the answer paradigm
The X in the poem means …, which depicts the picture of … and expresses the thoughts and feelings of the poet … with rhetorical devices.
(4) Direct examination questions
Give it to Wang Wei.
Riding a bike to visit the border and passing through Juyan County. Pengpeng also floated out of Korea, and the geese heading north also flew into the sky.
The vast desert is lonely, and the Yellow River sets the yen. When I arrived at the small pass, I met a spy waiting for the knight and told me that Dou Hu was in Yan.
Q: The words ""and ""in couplets and necklaces are used exquisitely. Please enjoy them briefly in combination with the whole poem.
Answer analysis: straight and round accurately and vividly wrote the shapes of solitary smoke and sunset, which correspond to each other and are very three-dimensional; And put them in the vast frontier fortress space, create a broad, vigorous and desolate artistic conception, and set off the loneliness of the poet after leaving the frontier fortress.
X. poetic eye appreciation
(1) Examples of problems
1. What is the poetic eye of this poem? Why?
2. What is the most vivid word in a couplet or sentence? Why?
3. Some people say that words are the eyes of poetry. Do you agree? Tell me your reasons.
(2) Step of answering questions
1. Find poetic words or poems accurately;
2. Analyze the expressive function of poetry eyes in combination with poetry;
3. Make clear the direction of answering questions: A Does this poem have rhetorical or descriptive techniques, and if so, point out its function; B's effect on related images or artistic conception, and C's effect on the poet's emotional expression.
(C) the answer paradigm
The poetic eye "X" in the poem means … It describes the scene of … and expresses the poet's thoughts and feelings with the rhetorical devices of ….
(4) The examination questions directly hit Bodhisattva White.
The flat forest is misty, and the cold mountain area is compassionate. When the color enters a tall building, someone upstairs is worried. The jade steps stand empty, and the birds fly quickly. Where is the return trip? The long pavilion is shorter.
Q: Please briefly analyze the function of "emptiness" in expression.
Analysis of the answer: ① The "emptiness" in the poem means futility; ② It vividly describes the lonely appearance of the "upstairs person" waiting hopelessly and in vain; ③ It also conveys the loneliness and melancholy of that person's fruitless expectation, adding to the sadness of the whole word.
XI。 Language style
(1) Examples of problems
1. Please analyze the language style of this poem.
2. What are the linguistic features of this poem?
(2) Step of answering questions
1. First, use some adjectives to accurately summarize the linguistic features of poetry; Such as: fresh and natural, unpretentious, euphemistic and implicit, concise and vivid, clear and smooth …
2. Analyze this feature and influence with related poems;
3. How to express the poet's feelings by writing such a language?
The regular answering mode of ancient poetry appreciation,
(C) the answer paradigm
In terms of language … (writing characteristics or style), this poem expresses the poet's thoughts and feelings about … by describing … (main content).
(4) The examination questions directly hit Liu Yuxi in Wuyi Lane.
There are some weeds blooming by the Suzaku Bridge, and there is only sunset at the corner of Wuyi Lane.
The regular answering mode of sp in appreciation of ancient poetry; In the past, swallows flew into the homes of ordinary people.
Q: Please briefly appreciate the language features of this poem.
Answer analysis: Wuyi Xiang's language is subtle and profound. Through the comparative description of Wuyi Lane, which was once prosperous and now desolate, the wild grass and wild flowers spread wantonly by Suzaku Bridge and the afterglow of sunset reflected the poet's deep affection for the vicissitudes of life, and at the same time gave Swallow the identity of a historical witness.
Attached:
I. Appreciation formula:
1. Know the object from the topic, 2. Word for word reading feeling, 3. Solve difficulties from notes, 4. Learn the background from the author, 5. Find the basis from the original, 6. Get inspiration from the stem, 7. Find the features from the first couplet, 8. Understand the theme from the last sentence, 9. Grasping emotions from the scenery, 10. Insight into the mind from the artistic conception.
Second, pay attention to the following points:
1. Be familiar with common expressions: narration, description, lyricism, discussion, (explanation).
2. Structural form: commonly used terms include coordination from beginning to end, echo, straight to the point, depth at different levels, generalization before subdivision, scenery before emotion, nature, sudden, transition, bedding, ambush pen, etc.
3. Common rhetoric: metaphor, metonymy, analogy, exaggeration, duality, parallelism, repetition, rhetorical question, evocation, combination of reality and reality, etc.
4. Common expressions: metaphor, symbol, metaphor, exaggeration, analogy, metonymy, pun, setting off, setting off, rendering, comparison, allusions, overlapping, allusions (translation), intertextuality, imagination, association, pen bending, pen reversing, care, inversion, bedding, arrangement and intonation. Entrust ambition with things, express ambition with words, entrust things with things, substitute things with things, substitute words for meaning, praise for depreciation, praise for depreciation with reality, play hard to get, make the finishing point, repeat chapters and sentences, combine images, trace lines with meticulous brushwork, write sadness with pleasure and so on.
5. The thoughts and feelings expressed in the poem: infatuation, sadness, melancholy, loneliness, sadness, loneliness, boredom, calmness, leisure, joy, admiration, anger, adherence to moral integrity, concern for the country and the people, contempt for dignitaries, lack of talent, difficulty in earning, seclusion in the countryside, regret for spring and autumn, wandering about the people and homesickness.
6. Understand the scope of what is commonly referred to as "function": beautiful artistic conception, profound artistic conception, near and far, deepening artistic conception, deepening theme, profound meaning, thought-provoking, near and far, concise and meaningful, profound, profound, profound, profound, profound and so on.
7. Understand the common contents of classical poetry: parting from feelings, nostalgia for the past and hurting the present, nostalgia for the past, personal feelings for mountains and rivers, nostalgia for history and satire, hatred for spring and autumn and life experience, natural interest in mountains and forests, and temples' ambitions for the world.
8. Experience the emotional tone and creative style often mentioned: realistic, romantic, bold, broad-minded, bold, chic, diluted, depressed, sad, graceful, fresh, bright, bold, bold, vigorous, deep, resentful, sad, desolate, lingering, positive, negative, simple and natural. The extended migration method refers to