In the Qianyuan Dynasty, Chun was the clan, and Shengde was in Mudou Jiandong. The eastern star of the Ming Dynasty is in Daming Palace, and the joy of Nanshan shakes the clear sky. Watch the clouds dance with thousands of jade, and sing the song of longevity out of thousands of peaks. Wenchang is happy with the betrothal gifts, and the banner is red in peace. Shi Kuang responded to the law and adjusted Huang Zhong, and Wang Liangyun planned to adjust Shi Long. Xuan Ming returned to Shuo Tu without incident, and Emperor Qing released himself into Zhu Palace. In the five tones of Jiu Shao and Nine Changes, four friends from all directions are in one body. What can God say? The joy is endless. Guangcheng Pengzu is the three masters. The wild ministers sneak up and attack the old man, and he can be sealed when he is bulging his belly and singing songs in the sun. ——Bao Fang of the Tang Dynasty, "Morning Morning Journey on the Yuan Dynasty" Early Morning Journey on the Yuan Dynasty Spring was the ancestor of the Qian and Yuan Dynasties, and the virtues were in Mu Dou and Jiandong.
The Eastern Star of the Year is Daming Palace, and the joy of Nanshan shakes the clear sky.
Wang Yunwu dances with thousands of jade, and the sound of longevity comes out of thousands of peaks.
Wenchang is happy with the betrothal gifts, and the flag is red in peace.
Shi Kuang responded to the law and tuned Huang Zhong, and Wang Liangyun planned to tune Shi Long.
Xuanming returned to Shuotu without incident, and Emperor Qing let himself into the Zhu Palace.
In the five tones of the Nine Shao Nine Changes, four friends from all directions are in one body.
Heaven can say that the joy is endless, Guangcheng Pengzu is the three princes.
The wild ministers sneak up and attack the old man, and he can be sealed by singing with his stomach full in the sun. Early Dynasty Commentary: Qian is the Yuan, Qian is the sky, Yuan is the beginning, and Qianyuan is the beginning of the way of heaven.
Shuotu means the northern region.
Zhu Palace, the vermilion palace.
Jiushao originally means the name of ancient music, one of the elegant music of the Zhou Dynasty, referred to as "Shao".
Nine changes means playing multiple times.
The meaning of this sentence is that if you often play the famous Jiu Shao song of Yu and Shun in five tones, people with both ability and political integrity will unite around you. Four Friends: King Wen of Zhou named Hongyao, Taigongwang, Nangongkuo and Sanyisheng as his four virtuous and talented people. Solution to the problem
When the monarch meets with officials in the court hall, it is called attending court, and when officials meet with the emperor and report matters to the emperor, it is called going to court. Going to court is the first major event for all officials every day.
When dawn broke in the countryside of Chang'an, the bells in the Daming Palace rang over Chang'an. The bells told officials scattered in the neighborhoods that it was time to meet the emperor. When all the officials arrived at Penglai Palace, the bells were still ringing in the sky. Although the gate of the palace has been opened, the sound of the "chicken man" in the palace can be heard vaguely, indicating that the emperor himself has also risen to meet the officials in the court hall.
When hundreds of officials go to court, it is also said in Tang poetry that "drums" are used as orders. Li He's poem "Guanjie Drum" said: "The rumble of dawn urges the sun to turn, and the rumble of dusk calls for the moon to come out." Wang Qi's note: "Book of Tang": "At dusk, eight hundred drums sound and the door is closed; at the fifth watch, At two o'clock, the drums start from the inside, the drums in the streets continue to vibrate, the gates of the streets and markets are all opened, the drums are three thousand laos, and they stop after distinguishing the color. "The making of lids began in Mazhou. The old system: Jinwu called at dusk in the capital to warn those who walked. The Zhou Dynasty sent a letter to Jinwu to hang drums in every corner of the street and beat them at night to stop luggage and prevent theft. "Yan." It can be seen that the drums placed in the neighborhood are played at dusk and early in the morning. They are mainly used to warn against thieves, and also have the function of telling time and opening the gate. Originally it had nothing to do with officials going to court, but officials could judge the time based on the sound of drums. Therefore, Tang poems about the early dynasty mostly wrote about the sound of bells, and some also wrote about bells and drums together.
The "official street drum" is beaten at "five and two o'clock" in the early morning, which is equivalent to about five o'clock in the morning today. In ancient times, the emperor paid attention to "diligence", which is called "working hard and sleeping hard at night". He did not dare to slack off when he was in charge of the court. Of course, the officials of the previous dynasty had to get up early because they were scattered in the neighborhoods of Chang'an and were still quite far away from the palace of the previous dynasty. "Miscellaneous Records of the Emperor of the Ming Dynasty": "The five drums are rising at the beginning, and the fires are all over the door. They are about to go to court, and the building is like a city." This is a true portrayal of hundreds of officials going to court in the hazy dawn.
In the Tang Dynasty, emperors had to attend court every day to attend to matters. "Tang Huiyao" quotes the "Ritual Order": "All civil and military officials in Beijing who are in the ninth rank or above will visit the Japanese court every day; their civil and military officials in the fifth rank and above, as well as the supervisory censor, Yuanwai Lang, and Dr. Taichang, will attend the dynasty every day." "Tang Huiyao" also records: "On October 3rd, the 13th year of Zhenguan, Shangshu Zuopu shot Fang Xuanling and wrote: 'The world is at peace, thousands of things are simple, please come to the court in three days.' The edict promised. Until the 20th On September 11th of the third year (649), Taiwei (eldest grandson) Wuji and others asked him to visit the court. Sitting on the sun, Emperor Gaozong said: "I have ascended to the throne at a young age, and I have been working hard day and night to support all the affairs. From now on, "sitting every day" is called "Chang Dynasty". It is a legacy left from the Han Dynasty. Most of the emperors of the Tang Dynasty strictly abide by it. Fang Xuanling's "The world is peaceful and thousands of things happen." "Jian", requesting Taizong to change to visit the court once every three days, can almost be regarded as a lie. Therefore, when Gaozong came to the throne (Gaozong was in June of the 23rd year of Zhenguan), in order to show diligence, he restored Old system. On August 29, the second year of Emperor Yonghui's reign (651), an edict was issued: "On the first day of the coming month, the Taiji Hall will accept the dynasty. From then on, once every five days, the Taiji Hall will take care of things and watch the dynasty at the end of the month, which will always be the norm." ""Shouchao" means "receipt of imperial congratulations", which is a larger-scale and more solemn event in which the emperor meets with all officials in Beijing on the first and middle of each month; "shishi" means "daily participation" and "daily participation" "Daily sitting" is a daily matter for the emperor to meet with "regular officials" of five grades or above. In the first two years after Emperor Gaozong came to the throne, he abandoned the affairs and ruined the system, and changed "daily sitting" to "once in five days".
In March of the second year of Emperor Xianqing's reign (657), Changsun Wuji again requested that matters be "inspected every other day"; during the reign of Emperor Wu Zetian, the order was "once every ten days", which was criticized by Lu Huaishen, the censor of Zuotai. Since Xuanzong, the emperor's "daily sitting" has basically maintained the old system of "daily sitting", although there have been occasional changes. In Xingqing Palace, there is the main building for diligent government affairs, which means to be diligent in government affairs and work hard to govern oneself. However, in Xuanzong's later years, he gradually abandoned the affairs of state, so Bai Juyi criticized him in "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" for doting on Concubine Yang.
There are probably no less than hundreds or thousands of regular officials. They get up early in the morning every day, freshen up, and then rush to the emperor's court to take a vacation. Exceptions can be made when "aborting from court" due to other special circumstances. Morning court is a major event for officials. On the one hand, this is the responsibility of officials; on the other hand, it is also something that officials feel deeply honored. Meeting the king every day, hearing about or participating in handling world affairs is a kind of personal value. Another reason is that if you fail to show up early or are late, the punishment is also very severe. Tang Dynasty regulations stipulated: "If a court official fails to show up without any reason, he will be deprived of one month's salary." For the reason of the ultimatum, one month's salary will be taken; for those who have experienced it for three times or more, they will play." Bao Fang (722-790), whose courtesy name was Zishen, was born in Xiangyang, Xiangzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei). Official and poet of Tang Dynasty. In the twelfth year of Tianbao (753), he passed the Jinshi examination and served successively as a staff member of the Jiedushi government. In the fifth year of Dali (770), he was called into the imperial court and served as Fang Yuanwailang. Later, he was called to the imperial court and served as a censor. He successively served as an observer envoy to Fujian and Jiangxi. He was also summoned to the imperial court and appointed as a regular servant of Zuo Sanqi. He followed Tang Dezong Li Shi to Fengtian, was promoted to Minister of Rites, and was granted the title of Duke of Donghai County. In the first year of Zhenyuan (785), Bao Fang presided over the examination of virtuous and upright people. Later, Bu Zhi died at the age of sixty-nine. He was given the posthumous title of Prince Shaobao and his posthumous title of Xuan.
Bao Fang During the Qianyuan period, Chun was the ancestor, and Shengde was in Mudou Jiandong. The eastern star of the Ming Dynasty is in Daming Palace, and the joy of Nanshan shakes the clear sky. Look at the clouds and dance with thousands of jade, and sing the song of longevity out of thousands of peaks. Wenchang is happy with the betrothal gifts, and the banner is red in peace. Shi Kuang responded to the law and adjusted Huang Zhong, and Wang Liangyun planned to adjust Shi Long. Xuan Ming returned to Shuo Tu without incident, and Emperor Qing released himself into Zhu Palace. In the five tones of Jiu Shao and Nine Changes, four friends from all directions are in one body. What can God say? The joy is endless. Guangcheng Pengzu is the three masters. The wild ministers sneak up and attack the old man, and he can be sealed when he is bulging his belly and singing songs in the sun. ——Tang Dynasty·Bao Fang's "Early Morning Journey on Yuan Day"
Early Morning Journey on Yuan Day
Tang Dynasty Bao Fang The Qianyuan Dynasty was the birthplace of spring, and the great virtue was in Mudou Jiandong.
The Eastern Star of the Year is Daming Palace, and the joy of Nanshan shakes the clear sky.
Wang Yunwu dances with thousands of jade, and the sound of longevity comes out of thousands of peaks.
Wenchang is happy with the betrothal gifts, and the flag is red in peace.
Shi Kuang responded to the law and tuned Huang Zhong, and Wang Liangyun planned to tune Shi Long.
Xuanming returned to Shuotu without incident, and Emperor Qing let himself into Zhu Palace.
In the five tones of the Nine Shao Nine Changes, four friends from all directions are in one body.
Heaven can say that the joy is endless, Guangcheng Pengzu is the three masters.
The wild ministers sneak up and attack the old man, and he can be sealed by singing with his stomach full in the sun. ▲ In the early morning, the crimson chicken man sent Xiaochao away, and then he went into Cuiyunqiu when he was still wearing clothes. The nine heavens closed the palace, and all the nations wore their hats and bowed their heads. Celestial palms are moving just before the sun sets, and cigarettes are about to float beside the dragon. After the court is over, the five-color edict must be cut, and the sound of wearing it should be returned to Fengchitou. ——Wang Wei of the Tang Dynasty, "He and the Jia Sheren came to the Daming Palace in the early morning."
The work of the Jia Sheren and the Daming Palace in the early morning.
The nine heavens closed the palace, and the clothes and hats of all nations worshiped.
The sun is just around the corner and the cacti are moving, and the cigarettes are floating next to the dragon.
After the court is over, a five-color edict must be issued and the edict should be returned to Fengchitou.
Three Hundred Tang Poems, Early Dynasty in the Court