Zhong Wei, the ancestor of Confucius family, was the younger brother of Zhou Wang, the last king of Shang Dynasty. After the demise of the Shang Dynasty, Wei Zi, the eldest brother, was named the monarch of the Song Dynasty by Zhou. After Wei's death, Zhong Wei succeeded to the throne. By the time of Confucius' father's generation, it was already fifteen, and Confucius was only a warrior in Lu. Boqin, the ancestor of Confucius' matriarchal family, is the ancestor of Lu, his eldest son, his grandson and the first king of Zhou Dynasty. Zhou Wenwang Ji surname, enfeoffment of his descendants as the duke, with fiefs as the surname, passed down from generation to generation, became Yanshi. Confucius' mother is the daughter of Lu Yanshi.
In his later years, he married the young woman Yan and gave birth to Confucius. In Sima Qian's Historical Records Confucius Family, it is recorded: "Confucius gave birth to a city in Luchangping Township. First, the Song people also said that Confucius was against uncles. Prevent uncle from being born, but be born in Shu. Confucius is the illegitimate child of Ge Heyan's daughter. Pray for Confucius Niqiu. Duke Xiang of Lu was twenty-two years old and Confucius was born. It was first born in Ding Wei and was named Qiu Yun. From Sima Qian's records, three historical facts were confirmed: Yan's daughter, Ye He and Ding Wei.
There are few historical records about Yan's daughter. In the later "An Exegesis of Kong's Surname", it was said: "Kong was before the Song Dynasty. ..... Xia Bo gave birth to Shu, although he had nine daughters and no children. His concubine gave birth to Meng Pi, whose name was Meng Pi Bernie, and she was ill. So he proposed to Yan. The Yan family has three daughters, and the youngest son is Zheng. Father Yan asked his third daughter,' Doctor Wei's father is a scholar, but he is a descendant of the holy king. Today, his body is ten feet long, and his strength is unparalleled. I am greedy. Although the old man is strict, there is no doubt about it. Who can be the wife of the third son? The second daughter is right, and the characteristic is:' What do you want from the paternal system? Father said,' I can do it. So I took my wife with me. In the past, when I was in the temple, my husband was old, and I was afraid of men from time to time, but I prayed privately that Confucius would be born in the mountain of mud hills, hence the name Zhong Ni. "At that time, Confucius' father was over 60 years old, while Yan's daughter was under 20 years old, which made her move. In addition to the descendants of Confucius' holy king and unparalleled force, another reason is probably the aforementioned "door-to-door".
Because of the age disparity, it was impolite at that time, so there was the theory of "sexual intercourse" recorded in Historical Records. It is said that acacia is wild. According to this statement, Confucius is an illegitimate child. However, Confucianism has always avoided this statement, thinking that whitewashing Confucius' family instructions is detrimental to the dignity of a "saint." In fact, for the matter of "sexual intercourse", they tend to live together without marriage.
As for the concept of "Ding Wei", Confucius' parents all hope to have a son to inherit the ancestral temple. Confucius was born on September 28th, 55 1 year BC, and was pregnant because Confucius prayed in Nishan. His parents named him Qiu. "Zhong" means ranking second, "Ni" means Nishan, and "Qiu" means leading. When Confucius was about three years old, Shu died and was buried in Fangshan. Later, Yan took him away and lived in Qufu. His family was quite poor at that time.
The recruited father is a well-read man. At that time, he was able to make his daughter cultured and polite, and it was obvious that he was open-minded. My father's direct teaching not only accumulated rich knowledge and knowledge, but also had high cultivation in education and etiquette. She moved all her father's books to her new home, and chose one of the three rooms as the study room, so as to teach Kong Qiu to study when he was five years old. First, she collected five children, taught in her own home, and got the tuition for each student, five barrels of millet and a load of firewood, enough to feed her mother and son.
Zheng is teaching children Chinese characters, arithmetic, singing and manners. Kong Qiu began to study with his students when he was less than six years old. Later, Zheng accepted several apprentices and became his mother's little helper. Under the painstaking cultivation and careful education of Confucius, Kong Qiu, who was less than ten years old, learned all his lessons, because he loved to ponder, was willing to think with his head, had an outstanding memory, and liked to help others, and became a leader in his classmates' study. With Confucius' career as a tutor, his experience of helping others learn has a direct impact on Confucius' private school education and future education.
According to the regulations at that time, boys will go abroad to study (with other teachers) at the age of ten. Confucius closed her school and sent Kong Qiu Jr. to the best school in the city to study poetry, classics, history and other courses, which were later called poetry, books, rites and music. At that time, the school was called "East", belonging to a government-run university, which concentrated the best teachers in Shandong and implemented very strict education. Because Yan and Lu Guojun were of the same ancestry, Confucius was still educated in school as a noble child. Confucius received a good education from an early age, which not only came from his mother's strict teaching at home, but also came from the support of Yan family in Lu country and the care of Ji family.
Confucius' aristocratic status was recognized not only by the Yan family, but also by the monarch of Lu at that time. Zhao Gong ten years, Confucius got a son at the age of 20, and Lu gave him carp, so he named him carp. In the twenty-fifth year of Lu, Confucius was thirty-five. Zhao was defeated and fled together. Confucius also fled together to avoid chaos.
Confucius and the Yan family, because of their mother, also maintained a very close relationship. Among the early disciples of Confucius, Yan Lu, as a member of the Yan family, could not go far in blood relationship. Later, Zhong You also married Yan's daughter. The first stop for Confucius to travel around the world was Weiguo, because he accepted Yan's recommendation and invited Confucius to be an official in Weiguo. Zhong You is Yan Kanyou's brother-in-law, and Yan Kanyou is a relative of Confucius' mother. They are close and well informed. Among the 72 disciples of Confucius, there are Yan Hui, Yan Xing, Yan Zu, Gao Yan, Yan Fu, Yan Kuang and Yan Hao.
It is this deep dependence between mother and son that led to the Book of Rites? The story in "Duke Tan" happened when Confucius was seventeen years old and his mother Yan Zhizai died. Confucius insisted that his parents should be buried together. Because his mother was ashamed of sexual intercourse, he never told his father where the grave was. In order to find out where his father's grave is, Confucius thought of a way to bury his mother on the road of the fifth father. According to the usual ceremony, the funeral should be in bed, not outside. Today, Confucius deliberately buried his mother outside in order to attract people's attention and make people ask strange questions, so that Confucius could take the opportunity to inquire about the location of his father's grave. Later, I asked Zou Renman's father's mother, only to know that his father was buried in the defense field, and later his parents were buried together.
Compared with Meng Mu's godson, Confucius lacks some classic examples, but as a young widow, she can choose a good person to settle down, teach in person and study abroad, making her the greatest educator and thinker in China. Behind a generation of saints, we can still say that it is because there stands a great mother.
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