The development of history
Yan 'an is one of the birthplaces of China's 5,000-year civilization. Xuanyuan Huangdi Mausoleum is located at the top of Qiao Shan in Yan 'an, and is honored as the "ancestor of mankind" by the descendants of the Yellow Emperor. In the long history, Yan 'an, with its special strategic position of "the border county" and "the throat of five roads", was used by many ancient China famous soldiers such as Wuqi, Meng Tian, Fan Zhongyan, Shen Kuo, and put on a series of tragic historical dramas.
In the first half of the 20th century, Yan 'an wrote a brilliant page in the history of the Chinese nation. The revolutionary base in northern Shaanxi, founded by national heroes Liu Zhidan and Xie Zichang, became the foothold of the Long March of the Central Red Army. From 1935 to 1948, Yan 'an was the general rear of the people's liberation struggle in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and China. During the thirteen years, Yan 'an experienced a series of important events that influenced and changed the historical process of China, such as War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the War of Liberation and the rectification movement, the mass production movement and the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China. In particular, the Yan 'an spirit of self-reliance, hard struggle, seeking truth from facts and serving the people wholeheartedly cultivated by Mao Zedong and other revolutionaries of the older generation is a precious treasure in the spiritual treasure house of the Chinese nation and has become an important spiritual pillar for the people of the whole country to unite for socialist modernization. Yan 'an was named as a famous historical and cultural city by the State Council in 1982. 1996165438+10, the State Council approved the revocation of Yan' an area and the establishment of prefecture-level Yan' an city.
Humanistic natural resources
Yan 'an is rich in natural and human resources and has great potential for economic development. The city's total land area is 55.56 million mu, with a per capita area of 29 mu. The soil layer is deep and there are many suitable crops. The prospects for developing forestry, fruit industry and animal husbandry are very broad. Deep in the vast loess, there are very rich mineral resources. The proven oil reserves are 430 million tons, coal reserves are 765.438 billion tons, natural gas is 33 cubic meters, and purple clay is 50 million tons, which provides very favorable conditions for Yan 'an's industrial economy to take off.
The tide of history and the ingenuity of nature have created rich cultural tourism resources in Yan 'an. The Xuanyuan Huangdi Mausoleum, hidden among pines and cypresses, is a national holy place for China people to seek roots and worship their ancestors. The majestic Hukou Waterfall symbolizes the national spirit of the Chinese nation's unremitting self-improvement and pioneering spirit. The Wanfo Cave and Zhongshan Grottoes excavated in Liang Qing during the Northern Song Dynasty have high artistic value. In particular, the Zhongshan Grottoes, which took thousands of years to excavate, are said by experts to be completely comparable to Dunhuang.
Many world-famous revolutionary sites, such as Zaoyuan, Yang Jialing and Wang Jiaping, have attracted tourists from home and abroad. This cave, earth cave, stone cave and low tile house used to be the headquarters for commanding thousands of troops and horses.
Thousands of years of historical and cultural accumulation have bred a loess customs culture with pure charm. The wild waist drum in Yan 'an, the high-pitched folk songs in northern Shaanxi, the simple and exquisite folk paper-cut and the warm and cheerful yangko in northern Shaanxi all pin the hopes of the people of Yan 'an for a better life.
development status
Since the reform and opening up, Yan 'an has adhered to the working idea of "relying on resources, facing the market, optimizing development and making key breakthroughs" and vigorously developed characteristic leading industries. The national economy maintained a relatively fast development speed, and the material and cultural living standards of urban and rural people improved significantly. In 2000, the city's GDP is expected to reach 9.62 billion yuan; The total grain output is 666,000 tons; Per capita net income of farmers 1444 yuan; The total fiscal revenue is 654.38+80.2 million yuan, of which the local fiscal revenue is 889 million yuan; The total retail sales of social consumer goods was 654.38+95 million yuan.
-The problem of food and clothing for the masses has been basically solved, and the development of leading industries has begun to take shape. Since the Seventh Five-Year Plan, dry farming techniques such as plastic film mulching, furrow sowing and timely early sowing have been vigorously promoted, and the grain output has continuously crossed four steps of 600 million kg, 700 million kg, 800 million kg and 900 million kg. In 2000, despite various natural disasters such as drought, the per capita grain output in rural areas remained stable at around 500 kilograms, and the problem of food and clothing for the people was basically solved. The four leading industries of tobacco, fruit, sheep and potato have begun to take shape. In 2000, the total output of flue-cured tobacco, apples, sheep and potatoes in the city was 6.5438+0.95 million tons, 4.368 million tons, 9.65438+0.64 million and 7.465438+0.9 million tons respectively. The diversified business income led by leading industries accounts for more than 70% of farmers' per capita net income. By the end of 1999, all the eight state-level poverty-stricken counties in the city had achieved the goal of crossing the border and won the staged victory in helping the poor.
-The beautiful mountains and rivers project was launched in an all-round way, and the pace of soil erosion control was further accelerated. The Yanhe River Basin and Xing Zi River Basin, which have been treated by introducing foreign capital, have achieved remarkable results, which have been widely concerned and praised by experts at home and abroad. The construction of beautiful mountains and rivers has started in an all-round way, and the enthusiasm of the broad masses of cadres and people in the city to control soil erosion has never been higher. By the end of 2000, the total area of soil erosion control in the city was10.9 thousand square kilometers, accounting for 65. 1% of the total area of soil erosion. The per capita basic farmland of farmers reached 2.4 mu, and the trend of continuous deterioration of agricultural ecological environment was effectively curbed.
-The industrial layout with energy development as the main body has initially taken shape, and the economic benefits have been greatly improved. In 2000, the city's independent accounting of state-owned industries and non-state-owned industrial enterprises with annual sales income of more than 5 million yuan completed an output value of 9.69 billion yuan (current price), an increase of 4.9%. The four pillar industries of petroleum, coal, cigarettes and electric power continue to play the role of supporting the overall economic situation. The city's crude oil output is 2.46 million tons and the crude oil processing capacity is 3.06 million tons; Raw coal output of enterprises above designated size 1.4852 million tons; The output of cigarettes is 6.5438+0.449 million boxes; The power generation capacity is 339 million kWh. The city's 3 1 state-owned industrial enterprises realized tax revenue of 654.38+0.8 billion yuan and profit of 465.438+0.9 billion yuan, maintaining good economic benefits.
-Fiscal revenue has been growing rapidly, and the urban and rural markets have become increasingly active. In 2000, the city's total fiscal revenue reached1.80.2 billion yuan, up 2.6 1%, of which local fiscal revenue was 889 million yuan, up 23.1%over the previous year. At the end of the year, the balance of various deposits of financial institutions was 9.76 billion yuan, of which the balance of savings deposits of urban and rural residents was 6.05 billion yuan; The balance of various loans was 8.49 billion yuan. There are 0/0.43 million commercial outlets in the city, including 0/0.40 million individual outlets and 0/0.95 bazaars. The total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 654.38+0.95 billion yuan, and the urban and rural markets flourished.
-The pace of infrastructure construction has been accelerated, and the investment environment has improved significantly. The expanded Yan 'an Airport can take off and land large and medium-sized aircraft, and the Yan 'an -Xi 'an and Yan 'an-Beijing routes remain smooth. Xiyan Railway was put into operation in August, 1992, and Shen Yan Railway will be completed and opened to traffic this year. Tongchuan-Huangling Expressway has been basically completed, Yan 'an-Ansai Expressway is being stepped up, the transformation of urban and rural power grids has been basically completed, and Yan 'an Postal Center will be put into use soon. By the end of 1996, the rural areas in the city had basically achieved the "three links" goal of "every village has access to electricity, and every village has access to program-controlled telephones".
-Foreign economic and technological cooperation has been continuously strengthened, initially forming an all-round opening pattern. It has successively established sister city relations with Weifang City, Shandong Province, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, Yancheng City, Wuxi City, Fujian Province, Fuzhou City, Baoshan District, Beijing Shijingshan District, Longgang District, Shenzhen and other urban areas, and reached the intention of sister city relations with Luwan District, Shanghai. The introduction of funds from the United Nations World Food Programme and the World Bank has achieved remarkable results in the comprehensive management of the Xing Zi and Yanhe River basins. World Bank loan Yanhe River Basin Management Phase II project, German aid afforestation project, Belgian aid rural drinking water project, United Nations poverty alleviation project, comprehensive development of Japanese yen agriculture, urban water supply and other projects are being organized and implemented. Established sister city relationship with erfurt, and started cooperation in the fields of economy and culture.
-Social undertakings have developed steadily and people's living standards have improved significantly. In 2000, there were 49 18 schools at all levels in the city, with 510.65 million students, and the enrollment rate of school-age children reached 99.23%. 196 townships have all completed the ninth five-year plan, 7 counties have completed the ninth five-year plan, and the city has basically completed the task of eliminating illiteracy among young and middle-aged people two years ahead of schedule. The primary health care network has been gradually improved, and endemic diseases such as Keshan disease, endemic goiter, Kaschin-Beck disease and fluorosis, which have long endangered people's health, have been basically controlled, and the natural population growth rate has reached 4.48‰. The living standards of urban and rural people have improved significantly. In 2000, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 5083 yuan, and the per capita housing area of urban residents reached 8. 13 square meters. The per capita net income of farmers is 1444 yuan, and the per capita housing area in rural areas reaches 12.46 square meters. In the whole year, the total post and telecommunications business was 654.38+82 million yuan, and the total number of telephones reached 65.438+5300, with a telephone penetration rate of 8.2 per 100 people. The coverage of radio and television reached 88.7% and 9 1.2% respectively.
The implementation of the strategic decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to develop the western region has provided a golden historical opportunity for the greater development of Yan 'an in the new century. Yan 'an people will inherit and carry forward Yan 'an spirit, unswervingly implement the development strategy of "facing the market, giving full play to advantages, adjusting the structure and highlighting characteristics", closely focus on the two major tasks of enriching the people and strengthening the city and narrowing the gap, as well as building beautiful mountains and rivers, urban and rural infrastructure, adjusting and optimizing the economic structure, urbanization and implementing the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, accelerate the development of the characteristic economy, further enhance the comprehensive economic strength, strive to improve people's material and cultural living standards, and build a rich and democratic society.