Whole poem
A sunset gradually sank into the river, half green and half green.
The loveliest thing is the ninth day of September. The bright pearl's bright crescent moon is shaped like a bow.
To annotate ...
Sunset: Sunset.
Se se: bright green.
Unfortunately: love.
Zhu Zhen: That is, pearls.
The moon is like a bow: on the third day of the ninth lunar month, the first quarter moon bends into a bow.
translate
The setting sun sprinkled on the river. Under the sunlight, it sparkles, half dark blue and half red. What makes people fondle admiringly is the first moonlit night when the dew falls in September. Dewdrops are like pearls, and crescent moons are like delicate bows.
Know the author
Bai Juyi (772-846) was born in Weinan, Shaanxi. During the Yuanhe period, he served as a bachelor of Hanlin, a doctor of Zuo Zanshan and a doctor of Zuo Zanshan. Yuanhe was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima for ten years, and later transferred to Zhongzhou Secretariat. Mu Zongshi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou and Suzhou by Zhongshu Sheren. In his later years, he was divided into the eastern capital by Prince Ke and Prince Shaofu.
Writing background
This landscape poem was written in the second year of Tang Changqing (822). In July of this year, Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou by the secretariat of Zhongshu, passing through Xiangyang and Hankou, and resisted on October 1. This poem is regarded as a trip to Hangzhou. At that time, politics was dark, and the struggle between Niu and Li was fierce. The poet tasted the taste of being an official and asked to go abroad. This poem reflects the poet's relaxed and happy mood after leaving the court. What I saw in the tour was all sung casually, with a fresh and natural style, which gave people a beautiful enjoyment after reading it.
Poetry appreciation
Mu Jiang Yin is one of Bai Juyi's Miscellaneous Poems. The characteristic of these poems is that they recite one thing one by one and sing their true and natural feelings one by one.
The beauty of the whole poem lies in taking two beautiful pictures of nature and combining them. One is the gorgeous scene of the sunset reflected on the river, and the other is the hazy night when the crescent moon rises and the dew is crystal clear. Both of them have their own beautiful scenery, and reading together is even more wonderful. Because this poem permeated the relaxed and happy liberation mood and personality of the poet after he was forced to stay away from the imperial court, the whole poem became the artistic carrier of the poet's aesthetic psychological function in a specific situation.
The first two sentences are about the river at sunset. "A sunset is spreading in the water". The sunset shines on the river, but it means "spreading" instead of "taking pictures". This is because Sunset is close to the horizon and almost touches the ground. It really seems to be "paved" on the river, which is very vivid. The word "shop" is also gentle, which says the softness of autumn sunset, giving people a cordial and leisurely feeling. "Half the river is rustling, half the river is red", the weather is clear and windless, the river flows slowly, and there are tiny ripples on the river. The part that receives more light shows "red"; Where there is little light, there is dark blue. The poet grasped the two colors on the river, but showed the scene that the river was sparkling at dusk and the color changed rapidly in the sunset. The poet was intoxicated and put his happiness in the description of the scenery.
The last two sentences are about the night scene when the new moon rises. The poet lingered until the early moon rose, the cool dew fell and a better realm appeared in front of him. The poet leaned over and looked at it: Hehe, the grass by the river is covered with crystal dew. Dewdrops on the green grass look like pearls embedded in it! With the metaphor of "real pearl", not only the roundness of dew is written, but also the luster of dew shining under the new moon. Look up again: a crescent moon rises, just like hanging a delicate bow in the blue sky! The poet condensed two scenes in heaven and earth into a poem-"Dew is like a pearl, the moon is like a bow". From the crescent moon bent like a bow, the author remembered that it was "the third night of September", and could not help but blurt out his lovely praise for it, expressing his feelings directly, pushing his feelings to a climax and causing waves in his poems.
What a harmonious and peaceful artistic conception the poet created by describing the two visual images of "dew" and "moon"! With such a novel and ingenious metaphor, it is amazing to describe and color nature in detail. There seems to be a lack of time connection between describing the sunset river and praising the moon dew, but the night on the third day of September virtually connects time, with the dusk above and the dewdrop moon below, which means that the poet enjoys the moon from dusk until it is exposed, which contains the poet's joy and love for nature.
Mr. Zong Baihua said: "Artistic conception is not a natural reproduction of a single plane, but a deep creation." (The birth of China's artistic conception) If the famous sentence about the sunset scenery along the Chunjiang River in Xie Tiao's "Shangsanshan Evening Wangjing Town" in the Southern Dynasties: "Yu Xia is magnificent, and Chengjiang is quiet as practice", it is purely the accumulation and externalization of the literary and artistic thoughts of that era (Zhong Rong's "Poetry") in Xie Tiao's aesthetic consciousness; It only describes a concentrated moment at sunset, like a faint sketch by the river; Then, Bai Juyi's "A wisp of setting sun is sprinkled in the water, half the river is rustling, and half the river is red" is the literary trend of thought since the prosperous Tang Dynasty, that is, "Seeking images, being at ease in the environment, knowing God from things and getting from the heart" (in Wang Changling, see "Tang Yin Gui Qian" Volume II). In Bai Juyi's works, the artistic conception is condensed by aesthetics. It artistically shows a process of moving in time and space, which is not only a magnificent watercolor painting, but also a set of shots in a color film. As a result, with the passage of a long shot, our aesthetic consciousness quickly shifted to the "dew like a pearl, moon like a bow" shaken by the combination of long and short shots.
Hegel said: "Poetry is not limited to a certain moment in a certain space and plot like painting, which makes it possible to express it according to the inner depth of the object written and the breadth of its development in time." (Aesthetics, Volume III, Page 6) Among them, the poem "It's three nights in September" is used as the adhesive of inner feelings. It is this unique aesthetic feeling under the specific time and space consciousness that makes the two lens systems "half river shaking and half river red" and "dew like a pearl and the moon like a bow" create a dynamic artistic whole. Eisenstein said: "The opposite of two montage shots is not the sum of two numbers, but more like the product of two numbers." This can be understood as an artistic structure with multi-dimensional intersection and two-way feedback of any artistic style, and its artistic implication will be more mellow, rich and three-dimensional, which often brings people a vague and complicated mixed emotion. You see, when the setting sun is reflected, the Shasha River spreading in the sunset disappears into the poet's field of vision unpredictably, and another beautiful and quiet montage lens is gently shaken and stretched out in front of the poet. Looking up, the curved crescent moon hangs and floats in the vast blue sky; Looking down, the crystal dew is condensed and shining on the flowers and plants by the river. It is really "a pearl in spring, a painting on the wall, in a word, all out of the normal environment." The poet could not help but blurt out his praise: "What a lovely night!" This is surprise and intoxication. The poet's incomparable joy and faint artistic conception, his yearning for detachment from things and his quiet interest are clean but very subtle, which makes people ponder and comprehend endlessly. Here, we can witness Wen Yiduo's praise of "Moonlit Night on a Spring River": "A more exclusive cosmic consciousness, a deeper, more spacious and quieter realm. In the face of magical eternity, the author has only consternation, no embarrassment and no sadness. " What he got seemed to be a more mysterious, elegant and upright smile. He is more confused, but he is satisfied. (Palace Poetry Redemption) Isn't it? When we read such a poem today, we can't help but have a mythical reverie: Are the crescent moon in the mysterious blue sky really those little angels flying in the sky? The little fairy opened the open bow. Are those dewdrops small balls that they shot into the blue sky and scattered on the earth in the game? This is really a wonderful realm.
Sentence solution
A sunset spread in the water, half a river rustled and half a river was red.
A touch of sunset in the west is reflected on the river; Under the sunlight, the river is sparkling, half is dark blue and the other half is red. These two sentences describe the scenery on the river before sunset, just like an oil painting. The word "paving the way" in the previous sentence is skillfully used, which not only vividly shows the state of the sun hanging obliquely on the water when it is close to the horizon, but also writes the softness and gentleness of the autumn sunset, giving people a kind of cordial and leisurely feeling. The latter sentence captures the two color changes of river ripples and light color under the irradiation of sunset: the part that receives more light shows red that reflects sunlight; Where there is little light, it shows the deep blue of the river itself. "Color color" was originally a precious name, and the color was blue, so the shadow refers to the word "blue". Here we describe the bright green of the river in the shade.
On the poor third night in September, the dew is like a real pearl.
What is even more pitiful is the moonlit night when dew drops on the third day of September; Dewdrops are like pearls, and crescent moons are like delicate bows. These two sentences are about the night scene when the new moon rises on the third day of September. The poet lingered until the new moon rose and the dew fell. The scenery at this time is like a meticulous painting. Using "real pearl" as a metaphor for dew not only vividly shows its roundness, but also describes the shining luster of dew under the new moon.
From describing the dusk of a river to praising the moon dew, there seems to be a lack of time connection, and the "night" in The Third Night of September virtually connects time. The upper part is connected with "dusk", and the lower part is connected with "dew" and "moon", which means that the poet enjoys the dew from dusk to the moon, including his joy and love for nature. "Poor", lovely. "True pearl", that is, pearl.
Comments and explanations
This seven-line poem is a masterpiece of scenery writing. Beautiful and fluent language, fresh style, vivid, detailed and true picture. The poet chose two groups of scenery from the sunset to the rising of the new moon to describe it, and used novel and ingenious metaphors to create a harmonious and peaceful artistic conception. The whole article uses the word "poor" to sort out the deep feelings and love for nature. The subtleties of his scenery have always been praised. Comment on Yang Shen's Poem of Sheng 'an in Ming Dynasty: "The poem is full of rhyme. It is said that the sun is spreading water, and the blue of the river is like the color of rustling; Half the river is red, and the sun is reflected. It can be described as micro-painting. " Comments on Tang and Song Poetry and Wine: "Qiu Jiang writes wonders, which are colorful scrolls". In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Shizhen commented on "Selected Poems of Tang Poetry": "The beautiful are beautiful and fascinating."