During his stay in Bashu, Wang Bo wrote many poems about Fujian. The following is one of Two Farewells to Jiang Tingfu:
The Yangtze River is far away from the waters south of Taba, and the mountains are continuous, as if embedded in the clouds in Saibei.
There is moonlight in the autumn night. In this pavilion, who has seen the crying and crying when leaving?
There is tangled smoke on the green steps, and the high moon shines on the south gate of Jiangting.
Lonely from the pavilion, the mountains are cold at night.
Looking at the two poems together, we can roughly know the background of writing the poems, that is, the place to see the guests off is Banan, the place to say goodbye is Jinting, the time to leave is autumn night, the place to break up is the river, and the place where pedestrians go may be Saibei, which is across Banan and Saibei. In Wang Zi's An Ji, Qiu Jiang's other four poems and two farewell poems can be referenced with these two poems, which are all farewell works by Linjiang.
Shen Deqian only included one of Wang Bo's Five Poems of Tang Poetry, which is the first of the above two. But this song is not Wang Bo's masterpiece. The last sentence in the poem, "Whoever sees tears will break", is used to express feelings. As far as lyrical requirements are concerned, it is plain and simple, lacking the charm of implication and singing three sighs. When Shen Deqian praised it as "the beginning of the right voice", he also had to point out that its intention was "not profound". As for the description of scenery, or in terms of setting off feelings with scenery, the first sentence and the third sentence of the poem, "River sends Banan water" and "Autumn Moon Night in Jinting", are written to bid farewell to the real scene at that time, and between these two sentences, * * * is a "mountain crossing the north cloud" with fantasy or fictional elements, describing two geographical concepts: one south and one north, one reality and one virtual reality.
Wu Qiao said in "Poems Around the Furnace": "Poetry is based on emotion and scenery is the guest. The scenery is not spontaneous, but transformed by emotions. " He also said: "Poetry takes what you see as the scene, so feelings have to be integrated. If the narrative scene is too grand, it has nothing to do with feelings. " He took Li Mengyang's poem "Joe's Teacher's Drinking Farewell" as an example and said, "It's big and far, what does it have to do with the situation at that time?" Although there are sorrows and joys, they cannot be melted. "Wang Fuzhi said in Preface to the Grandson of the Court:" No matter poetry or long sentences, it is based on meaning. Italy is still very handsome Without a handsome soldier, it is called Wu He. He pointed out that the couplet in Xu Hun's poem Lingyintai, "Twilight comes from Xiangtan, and spring water comes from Bashu snow", is an example of "Five Rivers". It should be said that poetry does not necessarily depend on the eyes; Narrative scenes are not necessary, as Wang Guowei said in "Words on Earth": "The realm has its own size, and the advantages and disadvantages are not divided into right and wrong. "In a poem, the real scene and the imaginary scene, the eye foreground and the imaginary scene are not inseparable. For example, the couplet in Wang Zhihuan's poem "In the Heron Tower" is a very successful example. However, as far as Wang Bo's first poem "Jiang Ting Farewell to jathyapple" is concerned, although it can't be described as "five rivers" and one of the words "mountain cross" can't be said to be completely "unrelated to feelings", at least this sentence doesn't blend with the upper and lower sentences to form a perfect and harmonious concrete realm, so it can't blend with the feelings expressed in the poem.
If you meet the above requirements in art, you should push the second poem with the same topic. In the second poem, the poet's parting is not directly expressed by the words "weeping away from the group", but indirectly expressed by describing the scenery. After bidding farewell to the pedestrians by the river, the poet looked around the pavilion, looked up at the bright moon, looked at the mountains and rivers, and felt this night, drawing a harmonious and sentimental picture of Jianggan Moon on the scenery around him. The whole poem looks like a scene, but the lingering and lonely feelings of the poet after farewell naturally emerge on the paper. Only in this way can it be called a masterpiece of sentient beings, with intriguing depth and beauty.
The first two sentences of this poem, "The smoke cage is blue and the bright moon flies south", show the depth of the night after bidding farewell to the smoke cage and the moon. The last two sentences, "It's cold at night when people leave the pavilion", show the cold silence of the environment and the cold at night after people walk with the pavilion. Looking at these four poems separately, the first sentence is about the landscape, the second sentence is about the sky, the third sentence is about the proximity, and the last sentence is about the distance. It looks like four independent pictures, but they are interrelated and integrated. Huang Shucan pointed out in Notes on Tang Poetry that "silence is the first sentence and Jiangshan is the second sentence" in this poem. In other words, one or three sentences are all from the pavilion, and the hidden scenery of the portal and the scenery of the brothel are in harmony; The second and fourth sentences are written from the view of the scenery in the pavilion. The cold scenery at night in Jiangshan and the scenery in the middle of the sky complement each other. This is the relationship between the first sentence and the third sentence, the second sentence and the fourth sentence. In fact, the first sentence and the second sentence, the third sentence and the fourth sentence are also internally related. Readers who have experienced the moonlit scenery will know that the smoke on the ground often becomes thicker with the middle of the month. The "cold moon yarn in the smoke cage" in Du Mu's "Bo Qinhuai" and the "heavy smoke falling from the waning moon" in Li's "Yixianzi" both faithfully describe the relationship between smoke and tobacco. At the same time, readers who have seen off know that when pedestrians don't hurry to say goodbye, they don't have time to overlook the surrounding scenery. Only when pedestrians leave and get lost will they feel like gazing at themselves on a cold night. Xie Yi's "After people leave, a crescent moon is like water" has a similar feeling.
Huang Shucan also praised the beauty of the word "cold" in the last sentence of the poem in "Notes on 300 Tang Poems", pointing out: "From this word, a parting from love is revealed." This word "cold" is really the finishing touch, as Wang Guowei said in "The Thorn on Earth", with this word, "the realm is exhausted". But any word in a poem can't function in isolation from sentences and articles. In this sentence, the word "cold" is also injected with the word "this night", which shows that this is not the coldness of skin and body that is usually felt because of the deep night, but the unique inner feeling on this special parting night. Moreover, more than one word "cold" can be found in this poem to reveal the feeling of separation. The first sentence says "chaotic" smoke, which not only describes the night smoke, but also expresses the poet's confusion. The second sentence is "flying to the moon", which not only shows the passage of time, but also implies the poet's sense of gathering and dispersing in a hurry when standing and staring. In the third sentence, the word "silence" is added instead of a pavilion, which means both the external scene and the inner feelings. Judging from the whole poem, the poet enlivens the picture with these words, and melts the loneliness and melancholy after farewell into the description of the scenery. The beauty of this poem is that this melting technique is used without trace, which makes the poem see the ethereal beauty and implicit beauty.