Who knows Guo Moruo's background

Guo Moruo, whose original name was Guo Kaizhen, was born in Shawan, Leshan, Sichuan. He went to school as a child, and in 196, he entered Jiading College and began to accept democratic ideas. In the spring of 1914, I went to Japan to study. During this period, I came into contact with the works of foreign writers such as Tagore, Goethe, Shakespeare and Whitman. The Mourning of the Shepherd, written in the spring of 1918, was his first novel. The temptation of death, written in the early summer of 1918, is his earliest new poem. When the May 4th Movement broke out in 1919, he initiated the organization of the national salvation group Xia She in Fukuoka, Japan, devoted himself to the New Culture Movement, and wrote poems such as Phoenix Nirvana, Earth, My Mother and Coal in the Furnace. In June 1921, he and Cheng Fangwu, Yu Dafu and others organized a creative society and edited the Creative Quarterly. In 1923, he graduated from Imperial University of Japan and went on editing Creation Weekly and Creation Day after returning to China. From 1924 to 1927, he created historical dramas such as Wang Zhaojun, Nie Ying and Zhuo Wenjun. In 1928, he went into exile in Japan. In 193, he joined the League of Chinese Left-wing Writers and participated in the activities of the Tokyo branch of the "Left-wing League". In 1938, he was a director of the Ren Zhonghua National Association of Literary and Art Circles against the Enemy. During this period, six historical plays, represented by Qu Yuan, were created. He also wrote ten critical books, the Bronze Age and a large number of essays, essays and poems. After the founding of New Zhongyang, he served as a member of the Central People's Government, Vice Premier the State Council, director of the Culture and Education Committee, president of the China Academy of Sciences, chairman of the First, Second and Third National Federation of Literary and Art Circles, member of the Ninth, Tenth and Eleventh Central Committee of the China Production Party, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the First to Fifth National People's Congress, and member of the Standing Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. His works include Ode to Xinhua, Dongfeng Ji, Cai Wenji, Wu Zetian, Li Bai and Du Fu, etc.

Chronology of Guo Moruo's life events:

Born in Shawan Town, Leshan County, Sichuan Province on November 16th, 1892, his scientific name was Kai Zhen.

in the spring of p>1897, he went to my home school to study. I am familiar with the Book of Songs and 3 Tang Poems, and I like Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and Li Bai.

In p>191, the new textbooks published in Shanghai were adopted for teaching in Jiashu.

in the spring of p>195, Guo Kaiwen, his eldest brother, went to Japan to study, intending to join his peers, but his parents refused.

In the spring of p>196, he entered Leshan County Senior Primary School. Ranked first in the first semester, but was reduced to third place because of the jealousy of older classmates.

In the spring of p>197, he was expelled from school for opposing teacher tyranny and returned to school through mediation. Xia went to Leshan County Middle School and read a lot of Lin Qinnan's translated novels.

In autumn of p>198, he suffered from typhoid complicated with otitis media, and his hearing was impaired. I read ancient books such as pre-Qin philosophers during my illness, preferring Zhuangzi.

In the autumn of p>199, he was expelled from the school because he took part in a strike and asked the school and the local government to hand over and punish the perpetrators who injured his classmates.

In the spring of p>191, he entered Chengdu, the provincial capital, and was inserted into Sichuan Guanli High School. In winter, he took part in the strike wave of Chengdu academic circles demanding the early founding of the National Assembly, served as a class representative, and was dismissed. For some reason, he did not abdicate in the winter of 1911. Returning home to organize vigilante groups to respond to the Revolution of 1911.

In February p>1912, she was ordered by her parents to marry Zhang Qionghua, and left home for Chengdu five days later.

In the spring of p>1913, he was admitted to Chengdu Sichuan Government College of Science and did not study. Xia was admitted to Tianjin Military Medical School and did not attend school. At the end of the year, I was funded by my eldest brother and decided to study in Japan.

I arrived in Tokyo in January p>1914. Autumn, admitted to Tokyo's first college preparatory course. With Yu Dafu.

in the autumn of p>1915, he entered Okayama No.6 College. With Cheng Fangwu. Reading the works of Tagore, Turgenev, Goethe and Heine is close to Spinoza's thought.

In the summer of p>1916, I met Fukuko Sato, a nurse at St. Luke's Hospital in Tokyo. In winter, I got married with Sato Fukuko in Okayama. Start writing new poems.

In p>1917, the trial translation of Tagore's poems was suspended because it could not be published. In 1918, students studying in Japan went on strike and boycotted the signing of Article 21. Xia was promoted to the Faculty of Medicine of Kyushu Imperial University. Zhang Ziping, a classmate studying in Japan, is planning to publish a literary publication.

In the summer of p>1919, my classmates studying in Japan responded to the May 4th Movement and organized the Summer Society, a patriotic association that arrived in Japan. Write a novel "Mourning the Sheep". His poems were published in Shanghai News of Current Affairs, which shocked China's poetry circles.

In p>192, the series of correspondence with Tian Han and Zong Baihua was published as Sanye Collection. The first translation of Goethe's Faust was not published because the translation was bitten by a mouse.

I dropped out of school for half a year in p>1921. Going back and forth between Shanghai and Japan to prepare for the publication of literary publications. In June, the literary group Creation Society was established in Tokyo. The first collection of poems, Goddess, came out.

In p>1922, Creation was founded on May Day. Translate Goethe's young werther.

I graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Kyushu Imperial University in the spring of p>1923. He immediately returned to China to engage in literary activities, editing and publishing the publications of Creative Society. Translate the first half of Nietzsche's Zarathushtra Banknotes. Poetry, drama and prose collection "Starry Sky" was published.

In the spring of p>1924, he went to Japan and translated Kawasaki's Social Organization and Social Revolution and Turgenev's novel New Era in Fukuoka. Make a systematic understanding of Marxist theory, and then establish a Marxist world outlook. Returning to China in winter to investigate the war disaster of warlords in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Make "Under the Horizon".

In p>1925, I met Qu Qiubai, the early leader of China's * * * production party. Witnessed the May 3th tragedy and made a two-act play Nie Er. Literary Essays was published. Translate the collection of John Qin's lonely dramas in Ireland. Published a group poem "Bottle".

In March, 1926, he went to Guangzhou with Yu Dafu and others, and served as the senior of the College of Arts of Guangdong University, implementing the liberal arts reform. Get to know Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and other * * * producers. The publishing department of Creative Society was established. In July, he participated in the Northern Expedition and served as deputy director and acting director of the General Political Department of the National Revolutionary Army.

In March p>1927, he wrote "Look at Chiang Kai-shek today" at Zhu De's residence, denouncing Chiang Kai-shek's rebellion against the revolution. Wanted by the government of Jiang Jieshi. In August, he participated in the August 1st Nanchang Uprising, served as a member of the Presidium of the National Revolutionary Committee and director of the General Political Department of the Uprising Forces. Zhou Enlai and Li Yimang were introduced to join the China Producer Party. Dive back to Shanghai in winter to engage in literary and artistic activities. Retranslation of Faust, the first part. Because of typhus, I missed the opportunity to transfer to the Soviet Union by boat.

In February p>1928, in order to avoid being arrested by the Kuomintang government, he was helped to leave Shanghai by Uchiyama, went to Japan under a pseudonym, and settled in Chiba prefecture and city. His actions were monitored by the police. Take a look at the pre-Qin historical books in the Eastern Han Dynasty Library in Tokyo, and study the ancient history of China. Translate the novel King of Carboniferous by American writer Sinclair.

In p>1929, he wrote his autobiography My Childhood and Before and After Anyway. Translate Sinclair's novel Slaughterhouse. Translation of Mihalis's History of Art Archaeological Discovery in Germany.

In p>193, A Study of Ancient China Society was published, which demonstrated the existence of slavery in ancient China. Translate Sinclair's novel Kerosene.

In p>1931, he wrote The Study of Oracle Inscriptions, The Study of Bronze Inscriptions in Yin and Zhou Dynasties, and The Series of Two Weeks of Golden Words. Translation of Marx's Critique of Political Economy. Translation of Russian Tolstoy's novel War and Peace, English Welsh The Science of Life, etc.

In p>1932, the "December 8th Incident" occurred, and the translated versions of The Science of Life were burned in Shanghai Commercial Press. He wrote Jin Wencong Kao and Ten Years of Creation.

In p>1933, he wrote The Inscription of Oracle Inscriptions, The Explanations of Jin Wen Yu Yu, The Collection of Ancient Inscriptions, etc. In 1934, he wrote Textual Research on Two Weeks of Jin Ci, Evolution of the View of Heaven in Pre-Qin Dynasty, and Research on Qu Yuan. Re-translation of The Science of Life. Compilation and translation of Japanese short stories.

In p>1936, he wrote several historical sketches, and the series was "Tellurium". Japanese Lin Qian's Three Studies on Yan Music in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Translate German Schiller's Valentina.

In p>1937, he wrote The Nazi Compilation of Yin Qi and The Continuation of Ten Years of Creation. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out in July. Return to China alone to participate in the Anti-Japanese War. Hosting jiuwang daily in Shanghai, organizing cultural propaganda teams and field service teams to work in the front. As a person without party affiliation, he engaged in the cultural work of the Anti-Japanese War under the direct leadership of Zhou Enlai.

in January p>1938, he joined Yu Liqun and went to Wuhan from Guangzhou, where he became the director of the third hall of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the National Government. Elected director of the All-China Anti-Enemy Association of Literary and Art Circles. In October, Wuhan fell and was evacuated to Chongqing via Changsha and Guilin.

Shi Guwen Studies was published in p>1939.

In April, 194, the Han tomb of Yanguang for four years was excavated on the north bank of Jialing River in Chongqing. In September, he resigned as the director of the Third Hall to protest against the forced reorganization of the Political Department by the Kuomintang government. In November, the Kuomintang authorities were forced to agree to form a cultural work Committee as its director.

In November p>1941, Zhou Enlai, Yu Youren and Feng Yuxiang initiated the commemoration of the 25th anniversary and 5th birthday of Guo Moruo's creative life. Compilation of fifty years' brief score. Rewrite Flowers of Tang Di Di.

In p>1942, he translated Goethe's Herman and the Green Moss of Dou into historical dramas Qu Yuan, Tiger Symbol, Gao Jianli and Peacock Gallbladder. He founded Qunyi Publishing House and edited the academic publication Central Plains.

In p>1943, he made a historical drama "Southern Crown Grass". Study the pre-Qin philosophers.

In the spring of p>1944, he wrote The Three Centennial Sacrifice of Jiashen, which was designated as a study document of the rectification movement by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

In p>1945, he drafted A Brief Introduction to the Current Situation in Cultural Circles, calling for democratic politics. The Cultural Work Committee was dissolved by the Kuomintang government. "Bronze Age" and "Ten Criticism Books" were published. Arrive in Shanghai from Chongqing in summer. Go to Nanjing to participate in the * * * peace talks. Historical figures was published.

In p>1947, I translated Goethe's Faust II. Edited "Youth", "Revolution in the Spring and Autumn Period", "Heaven and Earth Xuan Huang" and so on. Moved to Hong Kong in winter.

In p>1948, he wrote Memoirs of the Anti-Japanese War (later renamed Hongbo Qu). At the end of the year, he went to the northeast liberated area to attend the meeting of the new CPPCC.

In March p>1949, he led a delegation from China to attend the Prague meeting of the World Congress for Peace. On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, he was elected Chairman of the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Workers and Vice Chairman of the China People's Political Consultative Conference. In October, the People's Republic of China was founded, and he served as Deputy Prime Minister of the State Council, Director of the Culture and Education Commission and President of the China Academy of Sciences.

In March p>195, he was elected as the chairman of China Folk Literature and Art Research Association. In May, the Working Committee for Unification of Academic Terminology was established as its director. In August, he led a delegation from China to visit North Korea. In November, he attended the Second World Congress for the Defence of Peace in Warsaw.

Attended the World Peace Council meeting in Berlin in February p>1951. Attended the World Peace Council meeting in Vienna in November. In December, he won the Stalin International Award for Strengthening International Peace. The Collection of Waves was published.

The Slavery Age was published in February p>1952, and the lower limit of slavery society was determined at the turn of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Head teacher of Central Archaeological Training. Academician of Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Honorary Academician of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.

Attended the meeting of the Executive Board of the World Peace Council in Oslo in March.

Attended the special meeting of the World Peace Council in Berlin in July.

In October, the Asia-Pacific Regional Peace Conference initiated by Soong Ching Ling and Peng Zhen was held in Beijing.

Attend the World People's Peace Conference held in Vienna in November.

In p>1953, he wrote Modern Translation of Qu Yuan's Fu. March with Zhou Enlai to the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, condolences to Stalin and Gottvald. Attended the Standing Committee of the World Peace Council in Stockholm in May. Attended the World Peace Council meeting in Budapest in June. Elected chairman of the second China Federation of Literary and Art Circles. He was awarded the title of Academician of Polish Academy of Sciences and Honorary Academician of Bulgaria.

In p>1954, he wrote "Collection and Calibration of Pipes". Attended the special meeting of the World Peace Council in Berlin in May. In June, he attended the World Peace Council meeting in Stockholm to ease the international situation. Elected Vice Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee.

In January p>1955, he attended the international conference for world peace held in Vienna. Attend the international conference for world peace in New Delhi in April. Attended the international conference for world peace in Helsinki in June. In winter, he led a scientific delegation from China to visit Japan and wrote "Miscellaneous Poems on Visiting Japan".

In p>1956, he served as deputy director of the State Council Science Planning Committee, deputy director of the Central Committee for Promoting Putonghua, and director of the Chinese Pinyin Scheme Revision Committee.

In p>1957, 17 volumes of Collected Works of Mo Ruo were published. Attended the World Peace Council in Colombo in June.

Guo Moruo died in Beijing on June 12th, 1978 at the age of 86.