essay
In ancient literature, in order to distinguish it from verse and parallel prose, all articles with irregular rhymes and sentences are called prose. Modern prose refers to a literary genre juxtaposed with poetry, novel and drama. Prose is characterized by "scattered form but not spirit". That is, the selection of materials is extensive and free, the expression method is flexible and changeable, and various techniques such as narration, description, lyricism and discussion can be used; But the center must be clear and focused. Prose can be divided into narrative prose (focusing on taking notes) and lyric prose (focusing on lyricism).
novel
Novel is a literary genre that reflects social life through the description of characters, story plots and environment. The three elements of a novel are: characters, stories and environment. An important feature of the novel is to create typical characters, who are portrayed through portraits, psychological activities, actions and language. The story of the novel includes: beginning, development, climax and ending. Some novels have orderly words and epilogues. The environmental description of the novel includes social environment and natural environment. Novels can be divided into novels, novellas, short stories and short stories by length. China's novels originated from ancient myths and legends, and experienced the development process of Six Dynasties, Tang legends, Song and Yuan scripts, Ming Hui novels and modern novels since the May 4th Movement.
Informal article
There are the following categories:
3, 1 Narrative Narratives are mostly based on fragments of daily life or the author's accidental experience, and the basic content is the narrator. The theme of essays is to write feelings and see things, and its expression is often integrated into the author's subjective feelings, sometimes directly expressing his thoughts and sometimes hiding behind the words; It often describes ordinary things that everyone has experienced, but after careful appreciation, it will make you aware of the secular and realize the truth of life.
3,2 Argumentative essays This kind of paper is also called "random feeling" or "miscellaneous feeling". The so-called "sui" means to write it down casually rather than deliberately; The so-called "miscellaneous" refers to a wide range of contents, ranging from social problems and philosophy of life to trivial matters, affairs, pets, birds and beasts, campus customs, study experiences, book reviews, relatives and friends. However, the focus of the composition is still a word "feeling", and the author should feel it. Even a little thinking, feeling and flashing ideas can be brought into the article, without putting on airs and keeping a casual style.
3,3 Explanatory article Li Xianyao wrote an essay on the relationship between man and nature, Favorite of Heaven, which focused on describing various natural landscapes, expressing his love for nature and striving to strengthen people's ecological awareness. Therefore, descriptive essays are different from pure expository essays. They attach importance to the interest in things and have the nature of appreciation. Sometimes they express their feelings through things and have other sustenance. "Mo Shan Pan Shui" often depicts various forms of nature accurately and vividly with fragments of words. To practice this kind of essays, we should capture the life of things with fine and keen observation, and write lightly, not deliberately. As Wang Guowei said: "Everything is my color, because I see things."
poetic sentiment
Poetry is a literary genre with emotion as the main body. It reflects social life in a lyrical way, is highly concise and concentrated, and expresses thoughts and feelings in the form of rich imagination, rhythmic language and line arrangement.
The classification of poetic style is a complicated problem. Now just from a general point of view, simply talk about the poetic style of the Han, Wei, Six Dynasties, Tang and Song Dynasties. Poems of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties are generally called archaic poems, including ancient poems of Yuefu in the Han and Wei Dynasties, folk songs of Yuefu in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and literati poems in this period. Yuefu was originally the name of the official office. Yuefu songs are collected by Yuefu organs and sung with music scores. From the metrical point of view, the poetic style after the Tang Dynasty can be roughly divided into two categories: modern poetry and ancient poetry. Modern poetry, also known as modern poetry, has certain meter. Classical poetry, also called archaic style, is written according to the practice of ancient poetry, and its form is relatively free, and it is not bound by metrical rules. Judging from the number of words in poetry, there are four-character poems, five-character poems and seven-character poems. Four words are four words, five words are five words and seven words are seven words. After the Tang Dynasty, there were few four-character poems, so they were usually divided into five-character poems and seven-character poems. Five-character ancient poems are referred to as five ancient poems for short; Seven-character ancient poems are referred to as seven ancient poems; The use of three, five and seven characters at the same time is generally considered as seven ancient characters. Five-character rhythmic poems are referred to as five laws for short, and are limited to eight sentences and forty words; Seven-character metrical poems are abbreviated as seven laws, and are limited to eight sentences and fifty-six words. More than eight sentences are called long method, which is also called exclusive method. The long method is generally a five-character poem. Only four sentences are called quatrains; Five lines * * 20 words, seven lines * * 28 words. There are two kinds of quatrains: absolute and ancient. The law should be restricted by Pingqimi, and the ancient law should not be restricted by Pingqimi. The ancient absolutely is generally limited to the five absolutely.
1953 used the name "Modern Poetry Society" for the first time-it was established when Ji Xian founded the "Modern Poetry Society". The significance of modern poetry;
1. Free form. 2. The connotation is open. 3. Image management is more important than rhetoric.
sketch
Prose is a branch of prose and a variant of argumentative writing, which is both argumentative and lyrical. They are usually short in length and varied in form. Writers often use various rhetorical devices to convey their views and emotions in twists and turns, and the language is smart, gentle and ironic. This is a popular style in a society where words are forbidden.
There are different opinions about the concept and attribution of essays, which can be roughly divided into the following categories:
5, 1 belongs to the category of prose in literature. This division accounts for the vast majority.
5, 2 "essays are essays focusing on discussion and criticism; Essays mainly focus on extensive social criticism and civilization criticism, and generally affirm and praise truth, goodness and beauty by exposing and criticizing falsehood, ugliness and ugliness;
5,3 "Essay, a kind of prose, is a narrative and lyrical literary paper which focuses on discussion. Known for being short, sharp and sharp, he has many styles, such as essays, miscellaneous feelings, ramblings and notes. "
A kind of "5,4" prose is an essay. Generally short, lively and sharp. The content is all-encompassing, with rich and diverse formats, including miscellaneous feelings, rambling, short comments, essays, notes and so on.
5, 5 "Essay, a kind of modern prose, does not stick to a certain form, but focuses on discussion and narrative."
5, 6 belongs to literature, not to prose.
The essential feature of essays is to express the author's ideas and viewpoints mainly through "reasoning", that is, to achieve the goals of social criticism, civilized criticism and political criticism through "reasoning". The author analyzes something, or ideology, or words and deeds of a certain character, or some objective existence (such as social system, political order, etc.). ), expounds his views on love and hate, approval, opposition and evaluation, and explains the reasons and consequences of this view. "Reasoning" is the goal and process of prose.
? Article types are more common in:
Novels, essays, prose poems, operas, plays, sketches, poems, fables, fairy tales, science fiction stories, argumentative papers, discourses, narratives, letters, notices, contracts, advertisements, symposium minutes, statements, diaries, manuals, reports, summaries, abstracts, speeches, debates, briefings, briefings, prefaces and so on.