Yuefu Poetry in Han Dynasty Literature

Although the number of existing folk songs in Han Yuefu is small, they have a wide range of contents, especially those that reflect the lives and feelings of the lower classes. Such as the miserable life of the people, the disaster caused by war and military service, the shamelessness of feudal bureaucrats, the evil of paternalism, the firmness of love, the pain of abandoning his wife and so on. In the Tenth Five-Year Plan, a veteran was written. He joined the army at the age of fifteen and returned at the age of eighty. His life was ruined, but his home was ruined and the people he loved withered, which made him very miserable. Shang Yang's love oath is: the seas run dry and the rocks crumble, and true love remains unchanged. In The Stranger on the Mulberry, Luo Fu is beautiful, brave and resourceful. On the contrary, the "monarch" is lewd, greedy and overbearing.

The main artistic feature of Yuefu folk songs in Han Dynasty is narrative-oriented, "feeling sad and happy, starting from something", which expands the narrative field of China's poems. Sang and Peacock Flying Southeast are representative works of narrative poetry, especially a long narrative poem like Peacock Flying Southeast, in which various artistic means are perfectly used. Whether it is the dialogue, action or psychological portrayal of characters, it is very successful and vividly shapes a number of characters. The unfolding of the story in the poem, the ups and downs of contradictions and conflicts, and the romantic ending are all properly arranged. In addition, there are various forms of folk songs in Han Yuefu, including three words, four words, five words, six words, miscellaneous words, etc., among which the most commonly used ones are new miscellaneous words and five-word poems. Miscellaneous words are poetic, with different words, whole and scattered, flexible and changeable. Five-character poems are very neat in form, such as "Joining the Army on the 15th". Compared with the four-character poems and Sao-style poems in The Book of Songs and Songs of the South, this poetic style has made obvious progress, representing the new trend of the development of poetic forms at that time, and has become the main form of literati creation in the following hundreds of years. Nineteen Ancient Poems is the most outstanding representative of literati's five-character poems. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a large number of five-character poems of literati emerged, the author of which was unknown, and later generations generally called them "ancient poems". Nineteen of these works were selected by Xiao Tong as Selected Works of Liang Dynasty, which was later called Nineteen Ancient Poems. Most scholars believe that this group of poems was not written by one person, but originated in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. The most impressive thing he expressed was his poems expressing the feelings of lovesickness and telling the pain of parting. For example, the poem "Travel Again" is about a woman who misses her lover who has traveled far away. First, I said goodbye at the beginning, then I said that it was a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, then I said the pain of lovesickness, and finally I ended with comforting words. Another example is the poem "The Distant Altair", which describes the sadness that the Weaver Girl misses Altair across the Milky Way and expresses the pain when love is tortured. In addition, there are also works that show the shortness of life and lament the impermanence of life. For example, "born less than one hundred" and so on. Other descriptions, such as poor fame, frustrated official career, poor life, indifferent world, weak human feelings, and difficult to meet bosom friends, can also be found in the poems.

Nineteen Ancient Poems has made great artistic achievements, marking the maturity of China literati's five-character poems. His artistic achievements are first manifested in the poet's frank and unpretentious expression of his true feelings, setting off the feelings of the characters with specific scenery, and achieving the realm of mutual development and natural interest. Secondly, its language is simple, vivid, concise, chewy and highly generalized. It had a far-reaching influence on the creation of five-character poems in later generations, and then five-character poems began to gain unprecedented development.