The first part is about seeing Fujian crossing the river and suddenly hearing the sound of pipa, in order to explain it to the pipa girl. From "I saw the guests off on Xunyang River in the dead of night" to "I still hid half my face behind her guitar so that we couldn't see it", I described my regret that there was no music at the farewell party, invited businessmen to play the pipa, described the timbre of the pipa in detail, and tried to shape the image of the pipa girl. The first sentence, "I see a guest off at night in Xunyang River", is only seven words, which roughly introduces the people (host and guests), the place (head of Xunyang River), the event (host sees a guest off) and the time (night); Dye the environment with the phrase "Maple leaves and adult rushes rustle in autumn", and the bleak feeling of farewell to Fujian in autumn night has already spread. But it's bleak and lonely, so it starts from "We raise our glasses and hope to drink-but, alas, there is no music". The word "without orchestral strings" not only echoed the later phrase "without strings or bamboo for a whole year", but also paved the way for the appearance and performance of pipa girls. Because the foreshadowing of "No strings" and "We are unhappy after drinking all, and we are leaving" is very strong, then "When the river mysteriously widens to the full moon" is used as an environment for baking and dyeing, which constitutes a strong sense of depression, and makes "We heard a sudden sound and a guitar crossed the water" have a strong hollow footstep to prepare for the sudden change below. From Autumn's Bleak, No Chord and Farewell at Night to Sudden Smell, Sounding for Sound, Quietly Asking, Moving Boat, to Inviting to See, it can be said to be "yet we called and urged a thousand times before she started toward us". But "inviting to meet" is not so easy. It takes a long-awaited process before she will "come out". It's not that she cares about identity Just like "I" is eager to listen to Yue Xian's pipa, it is "eager to write the hatred of the end of the world", but she is "but we called it a thousand times before she set off for us" because she is full of "the hatred of the end of the world", so it is inconvenient to say it and she doesn't want to see anyone. Because of this, the poet used the voice to cut off the portrait ... Then, she reluctantly answered, still hiding half of her face behind the guitar from us to express her indescribable pain. The description of this pipa girl's appearance is vivid and touching. She didn't see the pipa before she heard it, and her inner pain was slightly revealed before she heard it, which caused many suspense for the development of the next story.
The second part describes the pipa girl and the pipa music she plays, and reveals the inner world of the pipa girl concretely and vividly. Pipa girl is "yet we called and urged a thousand times before she started toward us" because of "frustration in life". Through the description of pipa timbre, she shows her superb playing skills. Tap the string (close) with your fingers, knead the string (twist) with your fingers, dial (wipe) conveniently, and dial back (pick) backhand, which is skillful and natural. Thick strings are heavy and majestic "like showers", thin strings are as thin as whispers, and crisp and round as beads falling on a jade plate, which are also described from the perspective of vision and hearing. During the performance of "Nishang" and "Liu Yao", there are always six sentences of "thinking on each string, thinking on each tone", which are described by "She frowned, stretched out her fingers, and then began to play" and "She brushed the strings, twisted them slowly, swept them and plucked them", and "She seemed to tell us about her life's pain" and ". In the following fourteen sentences, when copying music with the help of the phonology of language, various vivid metaphors are used to enhance its vividness. The big string is like rain, which not only uses the overlapping word "noisy" to describe the sound, but also uses "like a downpour" to visualize it. The same is true of "whispering as a secret". That's not enough. "Humming, whispering-and then mixing together" reproduces the interlaced features of two melodies, such as "like a shower" and "like a whisper". If we use the metaphor of "like pouring large and small pearls into a plate of jade", the visual image and auditory image will be exposed at the same time, which is dazzling and dazzling. The melody is constantly changing, and there are two artistic conceptions: first "slippery" and then "astringent". "Off-site" sound is light and smooth, which is like "flower bottom", and the beauty of visual image strengthens the beauty of auditory image. The sound of "choking" is sad and choked, which is like "flowing under the ice" The coldness of visual image intensifies the coldness of auditory image. From "indifference" to "silence" is a process of "silence". The poet's quatrains of "going into mourning and hiding deeply, silence is better than sound" describe the artistic realm with lingering sound and endless meaning, which is amazing. At this point, I thought it was over. Who knows that "sadness and dark hatred" has accumulated infinite power in the process of "the voice gradually subsided" and cannot be suppressed. In the end, just like the "silver bottle bursting", the water slurry burst, and like the "iron horse standing out", the sword roared and suddenly pushed the undercurrent of "Ningjue" to a climax. It was only at the climax that I received a painting and came to an abrupt end. Although the song is over, the soul-stirring and soul-stirring musical charm has not disappeared. The poet takes the environmental description of "the east boat is quiet, the west is quiet, and we see the white autumn moon entering the heart of the river" as the side lining, leaving readers with a broad space with lingering charm.
The third part writes the story of pipa girl. From "meditation" to "being awakened from a dream by her hot tears": The poet tells the life story on behalf of the merchant woman, and the experience from the girl to the merchant woman is like the agitation and silence of the pipa. Just like after the invitation, the details of playing the pipa were omitted; After the song, the inquiry about life experience was also omitted, and two sentences describing portraits were used to transition to "soliloquy": the expression of "thoughtful" was obviously related to the inquiry, reflecting the contradiction between her inner desire to talk and rest; A series of actions and expressions such as "letting go", "inserting strings", "tidying clothes", "getting up" and "smoothing her face" show her psychological activities of overcoming contradictions and freeing her mind from her chest. After soliloquy, she wrote a gripping elegy for the pipa girl's half-life experience, which complemented the music "Let her heart share everything with ours bit by bit" and completed the image-building of the heroine. The image of the heroine is extremely vivid and true, and it is very typical. Through this image, the tragic fate of musicians and artists who were insulted and damaged in feudal society was deeply reflected.
The fourth part is the poet's deep affection, from "her first guitar note made me sigh" to "the Jiujiang official" at last. My blue sleeves are wet. "This is the fourth paragraph. After being relegated to Jiujiang, the poet felt lonely, felt his own life experience and expressed sympathy for the pipa girl. Both the poet and the pipa girl have fallen from the prosperous capital to this remote place. The poet's sympathy is full of sighs for his own misfortune, and the pipa sound of "complaining about life and failing to achieve" also tells the poet's grievances. Excited by the fate of the pipa girl, the poet sighed, "We are all unhappy-forever and ever, we meet. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? " And expressed the feeling of being in the same boat. Poetry is lively, step by step, dotted everywhere. Strong feelings, tears of the lost through the ages, also triggered an opportunity of love at first sight for the lost through the ages.
This is a famous masterpiece of realism. The full text takes the characters as clues, not only writing the life experience of the pipa girl, but also writing the poet's feelings, and then meeting in the sentence "We are both unhappy-to the end of the day". The singer's tragic experience is very specific and can be regarded as a bright line; The poet's feelings permeate between the lines, and with the constant changes of the music played by the pipa girl and her life experience, it can be regarded as a dark line. This one is bright and dark, one is real and one is empty, which makes the plot ups and downs. The story it tells is tortuous and touching, and the emotion it expresses can arouse people's voices. The language is beautiful but not flashy, refined but not obscure, the content is close to life and has a wide range of sociality, elegance and popularity. A complicated plot
In "we drank all the wine, we felt unhappy, and we were breaking up", and then "we heard a sudden sound, the guitar crossed the water, the host forgot to go home, and the guests had to go his way", which pushed the plot to another realm. The first pipa performance is over, and it seems that "the east boat is quiet and the west boat is quiet" is over. Suddenly, she became "thoughtful" and "astringent", and the pipa girl was going to tell her life story. As soon as the pipa girl finished her story, the poet expressed her feelings, linked her experience with that of the pipa girl, and promoted the development of the story. Another song was played, and the music reached its climax, but the poet no longer described it positively, saying that his voice was "sad" and "not like moving forward". When he wrote here, he came to an abrupt end. This can not only make people feel profound, but also make people feel profound and profound. This tortuous and changeable plot makes the drama experience of the pipa girl stand out, and her pipa stunt has also been described in detail. And the author's mood and emotion can also be expressed incisively and vividly.
Make people emotional
This poem is touching, narrates events and describes characters, and is full of lyrical colors. In the section of seeing the guests off, words such as "autumn rustling", "solemn farewell" and "soaking in the moon over the river" create a sad atmosphere for the environment. This is the first time for a pipa girl to play. When the poet described the pipa girl's playing skills and tunes, he let his feelings and hatred run through. Self-narration is the root of "sadness and resentment", which is full of all kinds of sadness brought by past ups and downs. The poet lamented his own experience, set off his feelings with the environment everywhere, and fully described the sad feelings of wandering. At the end of the paragraph, the plaintive string sound and the crying sound complement each other, which is the grief of the poet. The whole poem uses few allusions, and the language is concise and clear. Shortly after the poet's death, Li Chen wrote a poem to mourn him, saying, "The child can sing Song of Eternal Sorrow, and Hu Er can sing Pipa.
Music picture
The most admirable thing about this poem is its description of pipa music. From "the big strings are buzzing like rain" to "before she put down the pick, she finished with a blow", abstract and imperceptible music is simulated by vivid metaphors, which have both auditory and visual images. After reading it, people feel lingering and memorable. Among them, "pearls are like a jade plate" and "mourning in a boudoir, silence is better than sound" have become classic poems for writing music. A series of exquisite metaphors, such as "Urgent Rain", "Whispering", "Greeting", "Spring Flowing", "Beads Falling on a Jade Plate", "Bottle Breaking Water", "Riding Knife" and "Tearing", are unique and unparalleled. This music description ranks alongside Han Yu's Listening to the Spiritual Master Playing the Piano, Li He's Poems by Li Ping and Xin Li's Listening to Dongda Playing Hu Chuan's A Message as a classical music Four Great Classical Novels. However, because of its plain and appropriate metaphor, fluent language and rich emotions, it is more widely circulated and more famous than the other three articles.
(1) Set off the emotional atmosphere with scenery. For example, Qiu Jiang bid farewell to the place where maple leaves and mature rushes rustle in autumn nights. "When the river mysteriously widens towards the full moon", a bleak autumn scenery is a powerful foil for parting. "My residence is near the town by the river. It is low and humid. The house is covered with bitter reeds and yellow rushes. What can you hear here in the morning and evening? ? The cuckoo bleeds, the ape whimpers. " Four sentences describe the harsh environment and effectively contrast the feeling of "the end of the world is coming"
(2) Draw a picture with the demeanor and movements of the characters to show the inner activities of the characters. For example, "Half of her face is still hidden in front of us behind her guitar", the picture vividly depicts the shy expression and hesitant complex psychology of the pipa girl. Another example is "thoughtfully put it on the rope, she stood up and smoothed her clothes, very formal and polite." Describing the movements and demeanor of the pipa girl here until the end of the song not only makes people feel that her education and experience are good, but also naturally shows her inner activities from playing to telling life stories. Another close-up after "the banquet, everyone listens, covers his face", the poet is "wet with tears" The tone of the picture falls on a word "cry". Of course, it is the poet himself who has the deepest understanding of the tune, the strongest emotion, and even "wet with tears". The connotation of "crying" is obviously rich and profound.
(3) From "from the beginning ... she turned the tuning pin and tested several strings, we can feel her feelings. Even before she played" to the end ",before she put down the pick, she hit the end, and the four strings made a sound, just like tearing silk". The poet reproduced the superb playing skills of the pipa girl with imaginative language, and the melody appeared first, which set off the musical atmosphere well. "The big string hummed like rain, and the small string hummed and whispered-and then blended with each other, like pouring large and small pearls into a plate of jade" as if people heard the sound of the pipa again, "The bottom of the flower is slippery, and the deep throat spring is hard to flow under the ice" gave people endless imagination, bringing people into a space that words and music can't describe. "Going into the depth of sadness and the concealment of lamentation, they tell more in silence than in their voices" can be described as the finishing touch, expressing supreme knowledge from the perspective of music and philosophy. After a short pause, "a silver vase suddenly burst, and a stream of water gushed out, jumping out of the conflict and blow between armored horses and weapons" from static to dynamic, like 10 thousand wild horses, at the same time, the waterfall immediately poured down. "Before she put down her pick, she ended up with a blow, and all four strings made a sound, like tearing silk." The audience is still immersed in the unfinished music, and the pipa girl has stopped playing.
(of literary works) the feeling and background blend happily/appropriately.
The emotional factors of the events described in this poem (seeing the guests off at Jiangtou on autumn night, the tragic fate of the pipa girl, and the author's relegation life); Description of scenery, contrast of atmosphere; A detailed description of the movements and psychology of the characters; Characters pour out their grief in a lyrical way; Clever explanations and discussions, such as "We can feel her feelings before she plays", "It seems that she is telling us the pain of her life", "Let her heart share everything with us bit by bit", "Dress up", "Liu Yao", "Fall into deep sadness and lament, and there are more silent complaints than vocal ones", and so on. It is the crowning touch to shape the image of pipa girl, which can not be ignored. All these make this poem full of lyrical atmosphere, realize the close combination of narrative and lyricism, and enhance the emotional color and artistic charm of the work. He combined the singer and the singer's thoughts and feelings into one, saying that you are talking about me and I am talking about you. Fates are the same and closely related. After the lute girls narrated their life experiences, the poet thought that they were "neither of us is happy-forever old"; After the poet told her life story, the pipa girl was "... moved by what I said, and she stood there for a while". After the pipa girl played another song, the poet was even more "this Jiujiang official. My blue sleeves are wet. " Intimate friends are touching everywhere, and there is love everywhere.
Characteristic description
Pipa Travel portrays two characters. In the middle Tang Dynasty, the commercial economy was developed, the city was deformed and prosperous, and under the political background of conflicting and sinister intentions at that time, the images of pipa women and poets all had their practical typical significance. This poem uses image analogy to compare the grief, anger and misfortune between the two people, and finally combines them into one, thus drawing the conclusion that both artistic images have the feeling of being powerless and reduced to the end of the world. Image analogy and lyrical expression are full of strong artistic appeal.
Strict structure
The poem begins with seeing the guests off, and then writes a series of interrelated and progressive plots such as seeking sound, inviting bullets, asking, complaining and feeling. These plots are each a scene, and together they are a complete and harmonious poem.
By describing the superb playing skills and tragic life experiences of the pipa girl, the poet expressed his deep sympathy for the pipa girl, and at the same time expressed her anguish and emotion that "neither of us is happy-to grow old forever". The whole poem has a distinct theme, clear context, sincere feelings and beautiful words.
Rich and colorful language
The language of the work is vivid, strong in generalization and simple and flexible, so the whole poem is well-known and easy to recite. For example, "However, before she came to us, we called for it a thousand times and urged it a thousand times, but she still hid half of her face behind her guitar from us"; "Don't feel dark and hate life, and speak more in silence than in voice"; There were fewer and fewer chariots and horses in front of the door, and finally she married herself to a businessman. Sometimes in the middle of the night, she dreams of her victory and is awakened from her dream by her hot tears; "We are not happy-until the end of the day, we met. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? " , and so on, concise and beautiful, knocking people's hearts. Yang Shen: "Maple leaves and mature rushes there rustle in autumn" is a good sentence. Maple leaves are red. They are white, reflecting the blue in autumn.
Su Shunqin: "Sometimes in the middle of the night, she dreams of her victory, and I feel tears are red and red." This couplet is really beautiful.
Chen Hongshou: It is said that all sentient beings die.
Rong Zhai Wu Bi: Bai Letian's Pipa Trip, but readers admire its charm, respect its lyrics and praise the shortcomings of Yuefu, so it is called really Chang 'an. Stealing doubts. Although the outline of Tang Shifa here is broad, Lotte once lived in exile for a short time in the forbidden secret, and he will not enter the lonely woman's boat at night to drink with her. As for the fun of playing silk, I will go in the middle of the night. Don't worry about businessmen, can we talk about this later? Lotte means to express hatred for the end of the world.
Genre: "Pipa Xing" says, "Hum, whisper-and then mix with each other, like a big pearl and a small pearl pouring jade" and so on. This is harmony and adultery. To "although the music is different from what she played before, people at the banquet are listening and burying their faces" is light and hurtful.
Tang Poetry Aid: In the early Tang Dynasty, people liked to write long poems, but they often used high-quality words and lacked charm. When it comes to Yuan and Bai, we compare them, but we still follow their procrastination. However, Lian Chang Gong Ci is a direct account of current events and can be used as a guide for turtles. Pipa has both emotional appeal and literary talent, so it is specially selected.
The selection of Tang poems: instead of narrating feelings, poems are full of twists and turns, just like the words in Lianchang Palace.
The mirror of Tang poetry: Lotte has no concise method, and it is difficult to have frustrated passion.
"The Return of Tang Poetry": Gordon pai' ea chung-hoon: The reason for talking about music in this way is deep (under the sentence "the spring is chilly"). Gordon pai' ea chung-hoon: If you wake people up, you are not afraid of disappointment. Gordon pai' ea chung-hoon: As wonderful as the last paragraph (under the sentence "We are all at the end of the world").
Interpretation of Tang poetry: Lianchang chronicle, pipa narrative, long hate irony, and won a long story, while Gao and Li Fu recorded it. I selected and annotated them to give scholars a view of the law.
One day in Tang Ruxun: This pleasant official tour failed because of the pipa. "Drink without strings" and bury the pipa. In an article, the word "moon" is used five times, and "autumn moon" is used three times, each with his own feelings, so why not! The word "deep" is thin and the word "stop" is shallow; "I want to talk late" is a wonderful description. "We can feel her feelings, even before she plays" and "Love first" are three words. This is a big machine. "Chord suppression" is always said in four languages, with different feelings. Daxian is written in six languages, and the pipa sounds wonderful. The words "the spring is cold and astringent" express the god of pipa. The word "silver bottle" has rested and revived. It's time to stop. "And we saw the white autumn moon entering the center of the river", in harsh words, how rhymes! Twenty-two sentences "tell us how she spent her girlhood in Beijing", the words of private prosecution of a merchant woman are very boastful, very sad and full of brothel modality. "The same is the end of the world", (Jing) said: "Stop it, wonderful; It seems to be more than the previous paragraph. " If you stop, where is Lotte's intention? However, for the fallen people, how relevant is "transfer to relocation"! Xiangshan is good at telling stories, which are complicated but not redundant. How can you learn them if you use the method of hundred clothes? Lushi Yongri: Describe as if. Another day: to be a Long song, you must have the potential to collapse and fly down; Lotte has only one watt.
Ye Hongshi: The Xiangshan Pipa is well folded in half, which means it is wonderful when writing, and there is also a warning in the middle of the text. The cadence syllables are the shortcomings of his life, not just poetry.
Poems of the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty; Zhu Ting Publishing House: The self-report of the above-mentioned pipa girl; Next, the feeling of Lotte moving away from home is also the same (under the sentence "dream crying makeup tears").
Ancient Tang Huan Essays: I tasted Bai Xiangshan's Pipa Line, which is from Du Zimei's poem "Seeing Gong Sundaniang Disciples' Sword Dance Musical Instrument Store". "This beauty from Linying is still dancing and singing happily in the town of White God. When we answer each other's questions, we sigh together and feel sad for the changes that have taken place. " Du Yi's four words, white into a few lines, the so-called acting also. How short the calf is, how long the calf is, what can't be continued and what can't be cut off, each has its own natural reasons; Not only poetry, but also literature.
Huibang Miscellaneous Notes: When reading Wu Meicun's pipa line, I am glad that it is clear, but frustrated that it is declining. It is said that it is better than Bai Wengong's pipa line, and I knew it was absurd. Baishi opened his hand and went from Jiangtou to Fujian to smell pipa, which is also a direct narrative method. Wu Shixian put the pipa for a while, and it became an empty dish.
Two Tang Poems: This article is well described, full of feelings, and there are many ways to be frustrated. If it is steeper than the beauty of a child, it is far from it. Start here. "The voice was interrupted ... and then she reluctantly answered" and "I want to say later" just like a woman's action. "Maple leaves and mature rushes rustle in autumn" is famous for writing about scenery, but it is not autumn. The ancients wrote a long story, and the law was detailed. This article is purely detailed, and the shortcomings of this lotte are also (under the sentence "plucking the strings on the rotating shaft"). "We can feel her feelings at that time, even before her appearance", Sima Qian's fall, when leaving, this feeling of happiness is also; If you marry a businessman, you cannot get what you want. This woman is also in love. Everyone is secretly connected. This poem was written by Lotte after listening to the pipa. "He asked what he heard at dusk" as a question, the syntax changed, so he didn't get sick directly. "I often drink alone in the flowery spring morning and moonlit autumn night." You know, Lotte is here not only to talk to women, but also to see them off. It is the guest's eyes. These two sentences are wonderful.
"Tang Poetry": It means sharing weal and woe, and it is touching.
Tang Xian's Little Samadhi Collection: Feeling the wandering of businesswomen, lamenting the depravity of life in exile, making me cry.
Selected Comments on Poetry of the Five Dynasties: With two sighs and feelings, this trip is like pouring snow on the river tide, rippling and endless. Those who do long questions, step by step, moisten things quietly, methodically melodious, emerge in endlessly, and have the brushwork of knowing without white fragrance hill.
Poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties: full of the feeling of exile, expressed by a merchant woman, indicating that she is in the same boat. Compared with Wei, its position is deeper, its meaning is slightly obvious, its meaning is sad, and its words are beautiful. "Nineteen Ancient Poems" says: "Qing merchants blow with the wind, and Hua Le falls. I sigh again and again, and there is more sorrow in generosity. " And Du Fu's "Watching Gong Sundaniang's Disciples Dance Sword" is the same as this one, so it is not necessary to distinguish between the past and the present.
Notes on Tang Poems in Master Garden: Pave the way for the next two paragraphs ("The meaning of drunkenness is not wine": the following two sentences). That is, when the sound stops ("silence at this time"). The first paragraph should be a string (under the sentence "only see the middle of the river"). Re-create a bundle on the screen, leaving a method for the article (under the "Moon Around the Boat"). Take the last two paragraphs and turn to yourself (under the sentence "We are all at the end of the world"). The trail of self-report corresponds to the starting point (under the sentence "in the meantime"). The selection rate of this poem and Song of Eternal Sorrow is equivalent to that of Wei Yuan's Lianchang Gongci. But if you play it carefully, although it is a big piece, the love words are incoherent, and the meta-words are far behind the white songs. In other words, this is not only related to Li Haozhou's compassion, but also related to the smell of pipa, and there is also a judgment of immortality. Zhai is not just for character.
Tan Tao: "Pipa Trip" is sentimental, but the paragraph "I started last year" is too long and boring, like an old woman talking about the past, rambling on, tired of reading and refusing to rest.