Look at the sea and Cao Cao
On the east coast, climb Jieshi Mountain to see the vast sea.
The sea is so vast that the islands stand high on the sea.
Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging.
The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean.
Journey to the sun and the moon, if you go out.
Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise.
I am glad to use this poem to express my inner desire.
Word notes:
Professor: Boarding means sightseeing.
Jié stone: The name of the mountain. Jieshi Mountain, Wudi County, Binzhou City, Shandong Province. In the autumn of 207 AD, Cao Cao passed by when he was collecting Wu Huan.
Cang: Tong "Cang", turquoise.
Dàn dàn: The way water waves sway.
Sangzhi: Stand tall.
Qi: Gao.
Hongbo: surging waves;
Xing Han: Milky Way, Tianhe.
To: very;
Lucky, even: I am very lucky;
Express one's thoughts or ideals by singing.
Guan Canghai translation:
Climb Jieshi Mountain to the east to see the sea. The sea in front of us is so vast, and the mountain island stands high on the beach. Trees and herbs are clustered together and look very lush. The autumn wind blows the trees and makes a sad sound, and the sea is rough. The movement of the sun and the moon seems to emanate from this vast ocean. The Milky Way is dotted with stars, as if it were born in this vast ocean. I am very happy, so I use this poem to express my inner ambition.
Working background:
Looking at the sea gives the poet deep feelings, through which we can see the poet's own soul. Cao Cao climbed Jieshi Mountain on the way to the northern expedition to Wuhuan this time. Wuhuan was a great disaster in Northeast China at that time. In the 11th year of Jian 'an (AD 206), Wu Huan conquered Youzhou and captured more than 100,000 Han people. In the same year, Yuan Shang and Yuan, the sons of Yuan Shao, colluded with Ta Dun, the leader of Wuhuan in western Liaoning, and repeatedly harassed the border, so that Cao Cao had to resolutely decide to conquer Wuhuan in the 12th year of Jian 'an. Later, under Tian Chou's fingerprint, he used a trick. After watching the sea, that is, in a big battle in August this year, Cao Cao finally won a decisive victory. This victory consolidated Cao Cao's rear areas and laid the foundation for the next year's conquest of the south, with a view to realizing the grand aspiration of reunifying China. Linking the events before and after, we can see how important a war Cao Cao's northern expedition to Wu Huan was. And "Looking at the Sea" was written when I passed Jieshi Mountain on my way to northern expedition to Wuhuan. As a commander-in-chief, Cao Cao climbed Jieshi, and so did Qin Huang and Wu Han. When the autumn wind was bleak, his mood was as difficult as the sea. He integrated his grand ambition and broad mind into his poems and expressed it through the image of the sea.
Appreciation of the sea:
This four-character quatrain is based on the natural scenery that the poet saw when climbing the mountain and looking at the sea, and outlines the magnificent scene that the sea devours the sun and the moon with a lot of romantic passion. It depicts the magnificence of the motherland's rivers and mountains, not only portrays the moving images of mountains and seas, but also expresses the enterprising spirit of the poet to rely on scenery to support his ambition and cherish the world. It is a masterpiece in Jian 'an period and one of the earliest representative works of Chinese classical four-character poems. Journey to the sun and the moon, if you go out. Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise. It embodies the author's broad mind and is a famous sentence through the ages.
"Looking at the Sea" is a lyric poem, which skillfully combines the seascape in front of me with my own ambition. The climax of watching the sea is at the end of the poem. Its feelings are unrestrained, but its thoughts are subtle. It not only combines the scene, but also combines reason and emotion. Because it is implicit, it is more enlightening, more stimulating to our imagination and more intriguing. In the past, people praised Cao Cao's poems as deep, full and powerful, which can be confirmed from here. The tone of the whole poem is desolate and generous, and it is also a masterpiece of Jian 'an's character.
Judging from the genre of poetry, this is an ancient poem; From the way of expression, this is a four-character landscape poem. The words "Jieshi is in the east, looking at the sea" point out the positioning of "looking at the sea": the poet climbed to the top of Jieshi, with a broad vision and a panoramic view of the sea. The following ten descriptions are almost all derived from this. The word "Guan" plays a leading role in the whole article, which embodies the characteristics of this poem's open artistic conception and vigorous momentum.
The first four lines describe the scene of the sea, which is dynamic and quiet. For example, "autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rough" and "what is the water like" describe dynamic scenery, while "trees are full of vegetation" and "mountains and islands are full of scenery" describe static scenery.
"The water is full of water and the mountain island is covered with scenery" is the general impression of seeing the sea at the beginning, which is a bit like the outline of a painting. In this rippling sea, the first thing you see is the towering mountain islands, which are dotted on the flat and wide sea, making the sea look magical and spectacular. These two sentences roughly outline the prospect of the sea, which will be described in depth at different levels below.
"There are many trees and plenty of herbs. The autumn wind is bleak, and Hongbo surges. " The first two sentences specifically describe the mountain island: although the autumn wind is bleak and the vegetation is withered, the trees on the island are lush and the grass is flourishing, giving people a poetic feeling. The last two sentences are a further description of the sentence "What is water like?". Look carefully, the sea in the bleak autumn wind is actually a huge wave, surging and undulating. Facing the bleak autumn wind, the author has an "ambitious" heart.
Personal data:
Cao Cao (155-0315,220), whose real name was Meng De, a native of Geely, and a native of Peiguoqiao County (now Bozhou, Anhui Province), was of Han nationality. An outstanding politician, strategist, writer and calligrapher in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. The founders of the Cao Wei regime in the Three Kingdoms conquered all directions in the name of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, wiped out the separatist forces such as Er Yuan, Lu Bu, Liu Biao and Han Sui at home, surrendered the southern Xiongnu, Wu Huan and Xianbei abroad, unified the northern part of China, and implemented a series of policies to restore economic production and social order, which laid the foundation for the founding of Cao Wei. Cao Cao was the prime minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty before his death, then Wang Wei, and after his death, posthumous title became King Wu. After his son Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he was honored as Emperor Wu, with the temple name Mao.
Translation:
To the east, climb the high Jieshi Mountain and enjoy the boundless sea.
How vast the sea is, and the islands in the sea are towering.
Surrounded by lush trees and flowers.
The bleak wind came, the vegetation shook, and the waves in the sea surged.
The sun and the moon rise and set, as if from this vast ocean.
The bright stars in the Milky Way also seem to emerge from the embrace of the sea.
Oh, I'm so happy! I just use poetry to express my inner ambition.
Creative background:
Cao Cao climbed Jieshi Mountain on his way back to Wuhuan Northern Expedition. As a commander-in-chief, Cao Cao climbed the Jieshi, and Qin Huang and Wu Han also climbed the Jieshi, feeling as uneasy as the sea. Therefore, I wrote this poem, integrating my grand ambition and broad mind into the poem and expressing it through the image of the sea.
Influence of later generations:
In the poem "Watching the Sea", the first six sentences are about the real scene, the last four are Cao Cao's imagination, and the last two sentences are not directly related to the original poem. This poem is not only full of scenery, but also unique. It is the earliest masterpiece of landscape poetry in China, especially loved by literary historians. This poem, written on the autumn sea, can wash away the sentimental sentiment of sad autumn and is vigorous and magnificent, which is closely related to Cao Cao's tolerance, personality and even aesthetic taste. In this poem, the scenes are closely connected. By writing about the sea, the author expressed his ambition to unify China and make contributions.
This feeling is not directly revealed in the poem, but is hidden in the description of the scenery to express feelings, immersed in the scenery, every sentence is written about the scenery, and every sentence expresses feelings. Although the six sentences in "What's Water" are depicting the vibrant sea scenery, they are actually praising the magnificent mountains and rivers of the motherland and revealing the author's feelings of loving the motherland. Seeing the magnificent scenery of the motherland's mountains and rivers aroused the poet's strong desire to unify the motherland. So with the help of rich imagination, to fully express this desire. The author compares himself to the sea and expresses the poet's broad mind and heroism by writing about the momentum of the sea devouring the universe. His feelings are unrestrained but subtle. Sun and Moon is the climax of landscape writing and the author's emotional development. Poets in the Song Dynasty said that Cao's poems were "as full of vitality as veteran Yan". The poem "Looking at the Sea" has a broad artistic conception and is magnificent, which conforms to the demeanor of an aspiring politician and strategist. Reading its poems really makes people feel like people.
In the 12th year of Jian 'an (207), Cao Cao led an army to conquer Wuhuan, which was a great disaster in Northeast China at that time. This is an important war in Cao Cao's great cause of reunifying the north. On the way to the expedition, I wrote the Yuefu poem "Out of Xiamen" (belonging to "Harmony Song, Sediao Song"). This group of poems consists of five parts, starting with the word "Yan", that is, preface poems. The following articles are named after poems, namely Watching the Sea, Winter in October, He (also known as Different Land) and Guifengshou. From the perspective of music melody, the five parts are a whole, and from the perspective of lyrics, the four parts can be independent.
In the first two sentences, "Jieshi looks at the sea in the east", the poet came to the foot of Jieshi Mountain and climbed to see the sea during the Northern Expedition. Jieshi Mountain was originally located in the southwest of Laoting County in Hebei Province (northwest of Changli County in Hebei Province). The Han Dynasty was still on land, facing the Bohai Sea. Due to the geological changes in the Six Dynasties, it sank into the sea. When the poet climbed Jieshi Mountain and looked down at the sea, he saw: "Where is the water, where are the mountains and islands?" . Even, the water waves are not exciting. The towering appearance of the island. When the poet climbs the mountain, what he can see is the endless sea, and the islands in the sea stand tall. What a spectacular sight it is! In history, both Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi visited here, carving stones and watching the sea. Now, the poet stands in the place where Qin Huang and Hanwu traveled, commanding, looking at the vast sea and towering islands in the sea, thinking that the Central Plains region has been pacified, the northern expedition to Wuhuan has also won a decisive victory, and the reunification of the north is about to be realized. How excited he is! At this time, the poet's eyes were fixed on the island at sea, and in front of him was a vibrant scene: "There are more trees and more grass. The autumn wind is bleak, and Hongbo surges. " The trees are covered with grass, and they grow very luxuriantly. A bleak autumn wind blew and the sea was rough. Although the bleak autumn wind gives people a feeling of sadness and killing, the vigorous grass shows its heroic nature; Hongbo is surging, and the more you see it! This is a true description of the natural environment and a concrete portrayal of the poet's subjective feelings. After winning a series of wars, Cao Cao felt that his great achievements were as full of vitality as flowers and trees, and also full of vitality for the surging sea.
Below, the poet developed a rich imagination and further described the magnificent spirit and broad mind of the sea embracing the sun and the moon. "The trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Xinghan is brilliant, if it is unexpected. " The movement of the sun and the moon seems to linger in the arms of the sea, and the brilliant Milky Way stars seem to be wrapped in the belly of the mother sea. Look, this is the spirit of the sea, the mind of the sea. It's spectacular, it's spectacular. Looking at the Sea is a lyric poem about scenery. The poet outlined the magnificent scene of the sea devouring the sun and the moon, which contained thousands of things, showed an open mind and expressed his ambition to make contributions to the reunification of the Central Plains. Although there is no direct expression of emotion, reading the whole poem can still make people feel the poet's feelings deeply entrusted by it. Through the poet's vivid description of stormy waves, we seem to see Cao Cao's great ambition and grand mind of forging ahead and unifying the whole country, and touch the flow of his thoughts and feelings in a typical environment as a poet, politician and strategist. The whole poem is simple in language, rich in imagination, magnificent, desolate and tragic, which has been greatly appreciated by readers of all ages. Shen Deqian commented that this poem "has a cosmic flavor" in "The Origin of Ancient Poetry". This is very accurate.
Yuefu poems in Han dynasty are generally untitled, and the topic of "watching the sea" was added by later generations. Yuefu poetry can be sung, and the last two sentences of the poem are "fortunately!" Songs are based on ambition. "It's music, it's an attachment to a poem, and it has nothing to do with the content of the poem.