Jiang is an ancient Yuefu poem written by Li Bai in Tang Dynasty.
This poem was written by Li Bai after his return to Chang 'an, with profound ideological content and mature artistic expression. Poetry originated in the Yellow River, and its emotional development is as turbulent as the water of the Yellow River, which is difficult to grasp. The whole article talks about drinking. Literally, the poet is advocating binge drinking. The poem uses a positive appreciation attitude and heroic momentum to write about drinking, which is magnificent and does have some negative effects, but it reflects that the poet could not find an effective weapon against the dark forces at that time. Wine is a stimulant for his personal resistance. With wine, it seems that he has the strength of hordes, but wine is also his mental anesthetic, which makes him unable to actively resist in indulgence, which shows the limitations of the times and classes. The disillusionment of the ideal is caused by the dark society, and the poet is powerless to change it, so he turns the rising anger into a bold act of enjoyment, vents his dissatisfaction, dispels his worries and resists reality. This poem expresses the author's lament about his lack of talent, optimism and understanding, and also reveals the negative emotion that life should be carpe diem. The whole poem is full of lofty sentiments, magnificent momentum and outstanding artistic achievements.
Teaching objectives:
1. Knowledge and skills
① Understand the true feelings and artistic features in Li Bai's poems.
2 recite the whole poem.
2. Process and method
Read, discuss and appreciate.
3. Emotions, attitudes and values
Understand the poet's complex emotions in his poems and establish a positive outlook on life.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching:
1. Understand the characteristics and skills of Li Bai's poems.
2. Deeply understand the feelings in Li Bai's poems.
Teaching schedule:
The second class hour
Teaching process:
first kind
I. Writing background:
Written in the 11th year of Tianbao (752), it has been eight years since Li Bai was "given back gold" by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. At this time, the poet and good friend CenXun were visiting Yang Yingshan, and another good friend of Songshan, Yuan Danqiu, and the three of them tried to go up the mountain for a drink ("Appreciating CenXun and Finding Yuan Danqiu as Poetry": "Don't be thousands of miles away, life and driving attract each other." In the middle of Yuan Dynasty, Dan Qiu and Deng Ling gave a banquet in Bixiao. When I suddenly thought of me while drinking, I screamed and screamed. " )。 The best thing in life is to make friends at cocktail parties, and the author is in the moment of "accepting talents from all over the world without meeting each other" (small), so he is full of inappropriate wine and poems and has incisive expressions.
"Drinking" is an old topic in Yuefu, which mostly describes the feelings when drinking and singing.
2. Read the whole poem:
1. In the poem, for a moment, "How lovely the mirror lock on the shelf is" and "A song of eternal regret with the monarch", and for a moment, "Oh, let a man with spirit take risks in his favorite place" and "Cook a sheep and kill a cow, and keep his appetite in suspense", is it "sadness" or "joy"?
The whole article is full of ups and downs, and poetry suddenly unfolds, from sadness to joy, to madness, to anger, and then to madness. In the end, it boils down to "eternal hatred". In response to the beginning of the article, like the running of a river, it can carry a tripod. In the uninhibited, there is a deep sorrow that time is fleeting before talents meet. Therefore, when reading, we should grasp the poet's deep sadness in drinking and singing.
2. "Don't you see how the water of the Yellow River flows down from the sky and into the ocean, never to return?"! You can't see the lovely hair in the bright mirror of the high room. Although it is silky black in the morning, it has turned into snow at night. " I feel that time has passed. What intonation should I read?
Deep sorrow, but "how the water of the Yellow River moves out of heaven and into the ocean, never to return!" Majestic.
3. "Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he likes, and never point his golden cup at the moon empty! . I was born useful, and when the gold is gone, I will come back. Cook a sheep, kill a cow, sharpen your appetite, and let me, 300 bowls, take a big drink! . Master Cen, Dan Qiusheng can drink and never stop drinking! " How should I read it?
These words are the embodiment of Li Bai's confidence and wildness. They are full of temporary joy in deep sadness and should be read with joy and a little exaggerated joy. Among them, "Master Cen, Dan Qiusheng, will enter the wine and the cup will not rest!" Four or three sentences, when the food is full, the joy is the highest, and the short sentences are used repeatedly, and the joy is beyond words. Read happily, with a fast pace and a strong voice.
4. "Let me sing you a song! Please listen to me! What are bells and drums, delicacies and treasures? I hope I will never wake up when I am drunk! " The last two sentences are the central sentence of the whole poem and the main sentence of Li Bai's poem. How to read them?
"What are bells and drums, delicacies and treasures? I hope I will never wake up when I am drunk! " It is the keynote sentence of Zhi Ming, which expresses the great ambition of despising wealth and is full of sorrow that talents are not satisfied. So the first sentence should be firm, and the second sentence should be deep and sad.
5. "The ancient sober man and saint were forgotten, and only the drinker kept his name. Chen bought a barrel of wine with 10 thousand gold coins at a banquet in the temple, and everyone laughed and said one-liners Why do you say, my master, your money is gone? , to buy wine, we drink together! ! "How to read?
These words restore the poet's madness and boldness, and he should read out his wild feelings.
6. Finally, "five flowers, a golden jubilee, give it to the boy for good wine, and sell it with you forever!" Let's summarize the full text and discuss how to read it to fully express the poet's feelings.
It should be profound to "share eternal sadness with you" and turn wild into deep sadness.
3. Read through the whole poem and draw the poet's emotional curve.
Time flies → self-confidence → lofty aspirations → ancient sages → sharing eternal worries.
(tragic) → (joyful) → (decisive) → (wild) → (sad)
Second lesson
1. Poetry appreciation:
Have you seen how the water of the Yellow River flows from the sky to the sea and never returns?
Have you seen the lovely hair in the bright mirror in the high room, although it is still silky black in the morning, it turns into snow at night?
1. begins with a long sentence, which is full of ups and downs. How did the poet create this momentum?
Select two images of "Yellow River water" and "sea", decorate them with the words "falling from the sky" and "running", and use exaggerated methods to create a magnificent picture of the Yellow River water falling from the sky, running thousands of miles and flowing eastward into the sea, which is likely to come with the wind and rain.
2. Combining the third and fourth sentences, what is the purpose of the author's writing about the water of the Yellow River? What artistic techniques are used?
The expression of time, like the passage of life and the water of the Yellow River, is inexorably gone forever. The author uses this image to express his feelings, just like a fleeting moment. Use the method of arousing interest (say something else first to arouse what is sung).
3. The poet "You don't see the mirror on the shelf, the morning color is like silk, and the night is like snow", taking "mirror" as the image, expressing the meaning that life is short. what do you think of it ?
The author compares Chao with Twilight, Moss and Snow in an exaggerated way, describing the feeling that life is easy to get old, short and impactful. But it also contains the poet's longing for achievement but beautiful desire and disappointment.
4. Appreciate the expressive force of the word "sadness".
Using anthropomorphic techniques, it seems that "Gao Tang Spiegel" can see the poet's inaction and aging, and can't help but feel sad. That's the way it is. Why are people inferior? It deepens the deep sorrow that life is short and the boss has accomplished nothing.
Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he wants to go, and never point his golden cup at the moon empty! .
I was born useful, spinning a thousand pieces of silver, all come back! .
Cook a sheep, kill a cow, sharpen your appetite, and let me, 300 bowls, take a big drink! .
1. How to treat the poet's "life satisfaction"?
Not pride, but disappointment and indignation. This kind of "pride" is not that the author can be used by the country and build immortal achievements on his own, but that he has met three or two friends in similar situations all the way. The reason why the poet is full of joy is not really "full of joy", but the bold words that can't change the status quo of not being appointed, which also reflects Li Bai's wild and uninhibited character.
2. "Since talent is endowed by God, let it work! Tell us that your daughter will come back after she leaves?
From the seemingly negative phenomenon, Li Bai reveals a kind of positive essential content that is hidden and eager to use the world. This is another amazing statement of high self-confidence (revelation can be freely played, not stick to one pattern, but it must be justified)
3. Appreciate the poet's description of the banquet.
First, it embodies richness, second, it embodies enthusiasm, and third, it embodies "hearty happiness", which vividly shapes a wild Li Bai for us with exaggerated methods. But the word "harmony" still brings sadness, but it is temporarily forgotten.
Master Cen, Dan Qiusheng can drink, don't stop drinking!
Let me sing you a song! Please listen to me!
What are bells and drums, delicacies and treasures? I hope I never wake up!
1. Appreciate the expression effect of short sentences.
The poet's dizziness and fanatical drunkenness jumped to the page, making people feel as if they heard him loudly exhort wine: "Thank you, Dan Qiusheng, you will drink, and don't stop drinking!" The sudden addition of several short sentences not only makes the rhythm of poetry varied, but also forces Xiao to say "get carried away".
2. How to understand "what are bells and drums, delicacies and treasures? I hope I will never wake up after I get drunk! " The feelings involved?
From wild to angry. Taking "I" as a naturally useful talent should have been in the position of prime minister, but "the road is as wide as the sky, and there is no way out" ("Difficult to Walk"). To say that wealth is "not expensive enough" is out of indignation. The following words "It has existed since ancient times, and sages get carried away" are also angry words.
The sober and sage of the old days were forgotten, and only the drinker kept his name.
Chen bought a barrel of wine with 10 thousand gold coins at a banquet in the temple, and everyone laughed and said one-liners
1. When the poet said, "Today's people are not drunk, saints don't forget, and only heavy drinkers are immortal", why did he just cite Cao Zhi as an example?
Wang Chen has more contact with wine. Moreover, Cao Zhi, the "Chen Wang", was highly suspected in Pi and Sa dynasties, and his ambition was difficult to show, which also aroused the sympathy of the poet. Poetry is so sad but not hurt, so sad and strong, which is rooted in this.
Why do you say, my master, your money is gone? , to buy wine, we drink together! !
Five flower horses, golden jubilee, give them to the boy for good wine, and share the eternal sorrow with you!
1. Enjoy the "five flowers, a golden jubilee, give it to the boy for good wine, and worry for a lifetime!" The art of ending.
A's poems are wild again, getting crazier and crazier. The beauty of B's ending lies not only in "Hu Er" and "Yu Er", but also in a big tune; Moreover, it has an arbitrary mood that the author may not be aware of at the moment. Romantic color is extremely strong. Speak quickly, unless you are bold and considerate, you can't do this. C is still in love, and the poem is over. Suddenly, another sentence "I will always betray my sadness" is related to the beginning of "sadness", and the meaning of "forever sadness" is more profound. At the end of this "white clouds floating from the air and disappearing with the wind", it is obvious that the poet is surging and ups and downs. Throughout the whole article, it is really ups and downs, and it must be like a giant pen.
Two. Summary:
"Into the Wine" is extremely angry and wild, and its language is extremely heroic and calm. It has something to do with exaggeration. For example, a large number of words (such as "1000 dollars", "300 cups", "1000 cups", "1000 golden beads" and "eternal sorrow") are often used in poems to express the poetry of heroes. At the same time, it will not give people the feeling of emptiness and exaggeration. Its root lies in its rich and profound inner feelings, such as the turbulent anger under the potential wine talk. In addition, the whole article is full of ups and downs, and the poetry suddenly unfolds, from sadness to joy, to madness, to anger, to madness, and finally to the song of everlasting regret, echoing the beginning of the article, such as the river flowing, magnificent and tortuous. "Tang Poetry" says that "those who read Li's poems are far away from the gods in large and medium-sized schools, and they are immortal." This article is enough.