Beauty is not a mistake, but under the beautiful qualification, Olivia has the inner qualities of being naughty, bohemian, daring to struggle, daring to pursue individual liberation and advocating herself. And some of her girlfriends "pay attention to neat appearance and decent behavior", only she doesn't care about the female teacher's admonition; Not afraid of ink on your fingers; Not afraid of unkempt hair; She even dared to run around the building like a whirlwind without being afraid of the cunning headmistress's instructions on "behavior" In people's eyes, the headmaster's instructions are correct. But Olivia is a lively girl by nature. Imagine if she listened to the headmaster's instruction and became a gentle and quiet girl. We can't help asking: Is this still Olivia? When her behavior was described as "frivolous" and "immoral", Olivia did not give in to all kinds of bad words, but still went her own way. It's all because she worships herself, doesn't imitate other people's life patterns, and doesn't go with the flow. This spirit of independence is the self-improvement of Olivia's personality.
However, Olivia died. The gadfly's poem seems to be chanting for her, "Whether I live or die, I am a fly flying happily."
Most people think that the story itself is a kind of "chaos of life". But I think if this is the case, this "chaos of life" is more or less whitewashed and idealized in the novel. This "gentle breath" dispels the "chaos of life" in this way, and after reading it, it always feels as cool as the morning breeze and as fragrant as the flowers. So, I think this is not a novel about Olivia, but a novel about Breathing Gently. Its main line is the liberation, relaxation, detachment and transparency of life, which can never be obtained by the event itself as the basis of the novel. The key is the enthusiastic fantasy of the female teacher who plays the role of foil, which adds brand-new meaning and emotional appeal to the novel. Female teachers have always been people living in imagination. Her life is a tragedy, and all this is mainly expressed through Olivia's fantasy. In her imagination, Olivia became a perfect person and had everything she expected. Sitting in front of the tombstone, she is happy in her imagination. The article said, "She is a woman with ideological pursuit." In fact, her so-called pursuit is an empty dream. But through her imagination, Olivia's image significance is more and more prominent and lofty.
two
Here, the life story of a dissolute female middle school student has become a gentle breath in Puning's novels. We can make a little analysis of Olivia's shooting incident, which should be listed as the climax of the novel in general literary works. In the process of accumulating a lot of emotions, the reader almost finished reading the murder of Olivia with fear. But the work doesn't give us this feeling. The author took us to the grave from the beginning, and Olivia died. Then he used a long narrative sentence: "One month after this conversation, in the crowd who just got off the train, a Cossack officer who was not beautiful and had nothing in common with Olivia's circle shot and killed her on the platform of the station." Obviously, narrative is used here. As we know, the function of narrative sentences in literary works is to calm down and make the works feel a certain distance from the readers. "Shoot to death" is a very scary word, but it is submerged in an ordinary narrative sentence. Another example is a conversation with the principal: "I am a woman. Do you know whose fault this is? My father's friend and neighbor, your brother, alexei mikhailovich Malyugin. " This series of explanations naturally have no other meaning, just to dispel the surprise and wonder brought by this confession.
As we all know, narrative is different from descriptive sentences. If the shooting is described as a scene, the result will never be like this. Lu Xun's "In Memory of Liu Hezhen Jun" describes this battlefield in this way: "She, Liu Hezhen Jun, went happily at that time. Naturally, this is just a petition. If you had a little conscience, no one would have thought that there would be such a trap. However, he was shot before he took office. He entered from the back and went through the heart and lungs obliquely. It was a fatal wound, but he died unhurt. Zhang, who was traveling with her, tried to help her, but was shot four times. One is a pistol and a servant. Yang Dequn Jun, who went with him, tried to help her up again, but was also hit. He bounced off his left shoulder, pierced his chest to the right and set up a servant. But she could still sit up. A soldier struck her with two sticks on the head and chest and died. " This description makes us feel the cruelty of Duan's method of shooting patriotic students. The use of descriptive sentences makes us feel like hearing its voice, seeing its shape and being around it. The use of descriptive sentences allows readers to face text events at zero distance. The layout of narrative sentences in this paper eliminates the tension inherent in the event itself.
By linking the structure of the novel with the life events themselves, we can see that the events in the novel are not described according to the life events, but developed by leaps and bounds. Combine and compare narrative points that are far apart. The daily sequence is how Olivia Machel Skaya grew up as a middle school student, how she became a beauty, how she degenerated, how she had sex with an officer, how she was killed, how she was buried, and how she waited for her grave. The author didn't write it like this. She first wrote about her grave, then her childhood, and then suddenly talked about last winter. Later, she told us about her depravity last summer in a conversation with the headmistress, and then we learned that she was killed. Almost at the end of the novel, we learned about her seemingly unimportant experience as a middle school student a long time ago. It can be seen that this is a very common thing in life, but the layout of the novel shows great artistic charm, which is the purpose of "displacement". Judging from the skills of the novel, it is nothing more than a strange, insignificant and meaningless life of a female middle school student from other provinces. We should say bluntly that the author doesn't want to cover up this life, expose it everywhere and describe it so clearly, as if our senses can touch it, touch it, feel it and see it clearly. The author clearly emphasized the emptiness, boredom and meaninglessness of this life.
-Unconsciously, she became famous in middle school; So rumors spread that she was frivolous, that she could not live without her admirers, and that Shen Xin, a middle school student, fell madly in love with her, as if she loved him too, but her attitude towards him was capricious, which made him die unsatisfied. ...
-Machel Skaya seduced him and had sex with him. She vowed to be his wife, but at the train station, the day she was killed, when she sent him to New Cerca, she suddenly told him that she never even thought about loving him. All this talk about marriage is just making fun of him. ...
He is 56 years old, but he is still beautiful and always dresses appropriately. I just don't like him visiting in a cloak. He smells of English perfume, his dark eyes look very young, and his silvery white beard is gracefully divided into two long locks of hair.
The overall description does not mix the author's feelings at all, nor does it try to add its own explanation to this chaotic picture read by readers. Even the word love is not used. It seems that nothing is more out of place and inappropriate than this word with these things.
three
Puning's works mostly express his inner feelings with the help of natural scenery. This outstanding rhetorician is famous for his vivid psychological description and delicate scenery description, which has aroused great interest of decadent scholars. The novel reproduces the real life with strong artistic truth, and exaggerates the atmosphere with vivid scenery description, which sets off the characters' character. The novel describes the external scenery and the indoor scenery.
The scenery description at the beginning of the novel uses soothing language, just like the long shot slowly pulled out at the beginning of the movie. The author introduces Olivia's tombstone to readers from the perspective of a female teacher, and the gray weather, bare Woods and cold wind have laid a not bright emotional tone for the article. It makes the reader have an ominous premonition, which is a bit heavy psychologically. Next, the author switches the camera to a beautiful portrait of a middle school girl in a photo frame, supplemented by a little color, which changes from a dim gray cool tone to a bright and relaxed warm tone, which has a strong visual tension and psychological impact on the text picture. The second scene of the novel appears in the sixth section, which describes the scenery of "a snowy, sunny and cold winter". The style is changed to bright, which is suitable for the mood of the characters in the novel: "the most relaxed and happy", and also reflects the innocence, cheerfulness and vitality of the protagonist Olivia. Then, in a love affair in which Olivia was called to the principal's office, the author first took a sunny, snowy and cold afternoon in that winter as the overall time background, with pure snow, clear sky and a "cold day" as the keynote, supplemented by exquisite indoor scenery description, but under such a beautiful picture, the beautiful girl calmly told the principal about her hidden injury. The beautiful Dutch stove and the hot air, the fragrance of the lily of the valley and the magnificent hall, this kind of warm and elegant description of the indoor scenery, Olivia's story is no longer surprising, and readers' interest in reading is not on Olivia, because her background really attracts readers' attention. In the interpretation, the reader's surprise to Olivia is so weak. In Olivia's diary, there are some descriptions of the scenery, mainly showing the beautiful scenery of gardens and fields after the rain. The author links this "surprise for the headmistress" with such beautiful scenery, which enhances the contrast effect of the article and emphasizes an implicit emotional tension. In the penultimate paragraph of the novel, the author once again uses a lot of pen and ink to describe the weather and surrounding scenery when a female teacher goes to the cemetery to mourn, the bleak city and the deserted cemetery. The author strives to create a "clean, dry" and "relaxed and comfortable" environment, and puts a "little" woman in this environment to mourn, which once again creates a strong visual contrast. And that's just an ordinary early spring scenery? Maybe Olivia's death is the best ending, maybe the life imagined by female teachers is happy, maybe people just disappear into that society and disappear into unspeakable pain.
The scenery description in Bunin's works is so attractive that he always has a deep melancholy that attracts you. He revealed the characteristics of nature to the fullest, and described the poetic pastoral scenery of Russia with poetic style: lush forests, moist mist, lubricating and fragrant breath, as if always quietly emitting a touch of sadness and that kind of beauty, meticulous and quiet. The use of suggestive techniques is also prominent in the novel. It can reflect the social background and humanistic environment of the author's creation from one side. Just as the novel begins with a simple stroke: "On a newly piled mound in the cemetery, there stands a new oak cross, which is strong, thick and smooth and looks very comfortable." Among them, the phrase "comfortable to look at" is not only the overall feeling of the grave, but also implies the experience or encounter before death in the grave. The author said it was very comfortable, which naturally hinted at Olivia's beauty and happiness before her death. Beautiful things always leave a deep impression on people, even if it is just a body without soul. When people go to her grave and feel sorry for her, this "looking comfortable" implies that the appearance and soul of the characters in the author's pen are not unified. Suggestive language can reveal the social background at that time. For example, there is such a description in the article: in the headmistress's office, the author deliberately wrote a portrait of the tsar on the wall with a brush, but this is not a simple stroke, it implies the rule of the tsar. So the events written in this environment have social factors. Another example is the description of the route from the church to the fire brigade, through the muddy square and the smoky blacksmith shop, and through the monastery. These seemingly irrelevant places do not seem to be important in the article, but we should pay attention to whether the description of this messy and dilapidated public facilities also implies that the czar's autocratic rule is coming to an end step by step. There is also "the wind blowing from the fields makes me feel fresher" and "between the monastery and the prison, there are boundless clouds and misty spring fields". Words such as "fresh", "boundless" and "misty" are misplaced in feeling, but they are not contradictory. Everyone wants to breathe fresh air, but when he looks up, his heart is so vast. The concealment of suggestive techniques is not only the sound produced by people from their senses.
four
When we gently close our eyes and breathe, we do feel an emotion between the lines, but this emotion is by no means the shadow of death, but a winding stream, melancholy but elegant, happy but helpless.
In this regard, we can draw a conclusion that this complex is only a life experience, and this tangible image is only the freshness of Olivia, a beautiful girl. However, everything suddenly passed away like a butterfly dance. We should not only ask, what is the reason for making the shooting incident so light? Perhaps "form" really dispels "content".