Tang Dynasty: Li Bai
Lu Qin rushed to the weeds and chased them like a roof.
Wang Xiang is full of breath, and his eyes are bright and purple.
Breathe 8,000 people and run wild in Jiangdong.
Red essence beheads the white emperor and enters the customs.
Two dragons don't jump together, and the five latitudes are in the same sky.
Chu has no ambition, Han has success.
Press the sword to clear the eight poles and return to the wind.
Yi is in Guangwu, and even the soldiers fight to the death.
Give me a piece of the action. Your majesty is your grandfather.
There are historical sites in the war, and the barriers are falling.
Fierce tigers roar in caves and valleys, and hungry eagles sing in the autumn sky.
Xiangyun ranks at dawn and kills He Changhong.
It is noble saints who make waves, but ordinary Confucianism is safe.
Indulge in the children, and the wild words are not the most popular.
Touching the Yellow River Song, I scoffed at Ruan Sizong.
translate
The throne is like a deer running in the wild grass, and the hero is chasing after it like flying grass.
A pale, intense eyes.
Commanding 8,000 people from Jiangdong, I am afraid to go to the world.
Gaozu was beheaded by the White Emperor at night, and the wind and cloud entered the customs.
Two dragons cannot leap together, nor can the five elements in the sky.
The demise of the King of Chu failed to show his ambition, while the prosperity of Hanwang could achieve Wang Ba's career.
Hold the sword to pacify the world, return to your hometown and sing loudly.
In the past, the king was in the army, and both sides gathered all the soldiers to fight to the death.
For the sake of the world, if you want to cook my grandfather, please give me a bowl of soup. My father is also your father.
The war has passed, leaving only historical sites, and the walls of wartime barracks have long been pulled down and collapsed in the high sea.
Gaozu is like a tiger roaring in a cave, like a male heron singing in the autumn sky.
There are clouds in front of the battle, and the situation is like Changhong.
It is the action of the Great Sage to pacify the disaster. How can shallow and pedantic Confucian scholars accept this important task?
Ruan Ji was an alcoholic and called Liu Bang an upright man. This crazy and extreme statement is unfair.
In the winding Yellow River, I clap my hands and smile. Ruan Sizong is really ridiculous.
To annotate ...
Guangwu: the name of the ancient city. Notes on Shuijing County National Records: There is Guangwu City in Xingyang County, the city is on the mountain, and Han Shuocheng is also there. Gaozu and Xiang Yu are talking, and ten sins are blamed on feather, which shoots Han Zu in the chest. Note to the Book of the Later Han Dynasty: The Journey to the West said: There is Sanhuang Mountain, or Shisan Mountain. There are two cities on the mountain, Guangwu in the east and Guangwu in the west, each on a mountain, with a distance of more than 200 steps and a deep interval. Hanzu and Ji Xiang are in one place. Yuanhe County Records: Dongguangwu and Xiguangwu are two cities, each on a hill, more than 200 steps apart, 20 miles west of Rongze County, Zhengzhou City. Both Gao Han and Xiang Yu faced the army of Emperor Guangwu. There is a high altar in Dongcheng today, and Xiang Yu sits on the throne to show the Han army. Tongzhi: The ancient battlefield, at the foot of Guangwu Mountain in Kaifeng, is the Chu-Han War Department.
Lu Qin: Use the allusion of "fighting for deer".
Double pupils: It is said that Xiang Yu's eyes have two pupils.
Breathe: It means coming at once.
Red essence: Liu Bang was born with a sense of red dragon.
Whip: get angry and drink.
Two dragons: In ancient times, it was believed that the son of heaven was a real dragon, and there could be no two dragons in the world, so the two dragons would inevitably fight each other in the world. This refers to Liu Bang and Xiang Yu.
Five latitudes: five planets in Jin Mu.
Octupole: refers to the most remote place in the world. Gaoyou notes "Huai Nan Zi": "Eight poles are the poles of all sides."
Song Dafeng: In the twelfth year of Emperor Gaozu, Liu Bang returned to his hometown, where he gave a big banquet for his hometown elders and got drunk. Liu bang hit the building and sang "The Song of the Strong Wind".
Lianbing: The blades are connected, indicating a head-on confrontation.
Indulgence: meditation and thinking.
Sniff: to scoff.
Distinguish and appreciate
This poem comments on the success or failure of heroes Xiang Yu and Liu Bang in troubled times, expounds the experience of bringing order out of chaos, and summarizes the historical law that "those who bring order out of chaos are noble saints". The poet's views are similar to those of Sima Qian. However, because the poet is not bound by the Confucian traditional concept, but also transcends the secular utilitarian concept, he not only affirmed the success or failure of Liu Xiangyu, but also praised Liu Bang's temperament as both a hero and a saint from the combination of providence, cleverness and achievement, and pointed out that only such a noble saint can complete the task of pacifying troubled times and unifying the world. This is more thorough and clear than what Sima Qian said, and it also fundamentally violates Ruan Ji's view of despising Liu Bang, not to mention his prejudice and pedantry of sympathizing with Xiang Yu's failure and hating Liu Bang. Therefore, the historical viewpoint of this poem is unique, prominent and dialectical under the historical conditions at that time, although it is inevitably limited by historical limitations, limited to heroic historical view and destiny theory.
This poem has both the structure of narrative poetry and the essence of lyric poetry. The whole poem narrates historical figures and immediate scenes related to historical sites, expresses the poet's feelings and feelings, uses various artistic techniques, refines exquisite language, casts different artistic images, and expresses the theme in a complicated and distinct way.
This is a five-character ancient poem, the overall structure is like a Yuefu song, with a beginning and an end, a narrative and a discussion. Starting from the death of Qin, it is about Ruan Ji's feelings. In good order, in good order. The whole poem is divided into two sections, the first section is 14, which summarizes the history of the rise and fall of Chu and Han dynasties after the death of Qin Dynasty. The last sixteen sentences are the second paragraph, remembering the history of Chu-Han confrontation in Guangwu ancient battlefield. The first paragraph basically adopts narrative method, and the second paragraph basically adopts comment method. It is a remarkable artistic feature of this poem to use various techniques and vivid images to complete the overall structure and express the theme.
The detached attitude towards reality, profound knowledge of history and outstanding talent in poetic art constitute the unique style of this nostalgic poem, which is free and easy, unrestrained and open-minded; It also makes it full of optimistic and cheerful emotions and has the essence of lyric poetry.
Creation background
According to Pei Fei's Compendium of Li Bai's Chronicle, this poem was written by the poet when he went to Daliang (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) and Songzhou (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) in the third year of Tianbao (744).