There are five tones and seven tones in ancient times. This "sound" is roughly equivalent to today's scale. The five tones are the five scales of Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng and Yu, which are similar to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 in modern music notation. Later, two changes were added, namely, changing palace and changing qi. Changing palace is similar to "7" in modern music notation. Together, they are called "Seven Tones" or "Seven Tones", thus forming a seven-tone scale: Gong (1), Quotient (2), Angle (3), Variant (4), Sign (5), Feather (6) and Variant Palace (7).
The ancients often matched the five tones with the four seasons, five parties and five elements.
Therefore, in ancient books, it is often seen that when writing a season, it is often accompanied by a name and orientation that matches this season, such as Ouyang Xiu's Autumn Sound: "The voice of the West; ..... Shang, injury, old sorrow ",this is the combination of autumn, Shang Yin and West. This combination reflects the ancient people's understanding of things, but it has no scientific reason.
(This pentatonic scale is not an incomplete pentatonic scale, but refers to the five sounds in phonology, namely, lip sound, tongue sound, tooth sound and throat sound. According to the pronunciation position of initials, the rest only know to grind their teeth and turn their tongues, but the pentatonic scale is really difficult to complete). Coupled with the changes of the palace and the sign, it constitutes seven sounds. Compared with today's seven-tone scale:
Palace quotient angle change sign feather change palace
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Of the seven tones, any one is dominant (that is, the tonic which occupies the core position in the main melody), which constitutes the mode. Different modes have different sensory colors and expressive functions, so they can also produce different musical effects.
For example, when Jing Ke stabbed the king of Qin to tell about the departure of Jing Ke and his party, "The ceremony struck the building, Jing Ke chimed, and all the people wept for the sound of change." Voice change is tone change, desolate and tragic, suitable for lamentation. Next, it is "Return to Feather Generosity", which is Feather Mode.
Six laws?
China's ancient legal system, called six tones in ancient times, is actually twelve tones, that is, twelve tones of ancient music. The law originally refers to the bamboo tube used to set the tone. It is said that the ancients used twelve musical tubes of different lengths to blow out twelve standard sounds of different heights to determine the level of music. So these twelve standard sounds are also called "twelve tones". This is a legal system that divides an octave into twelve semitones that are not completely equal. It is roughly equivalent to the twelve tones in modern music. The order from low to high is as follows: (1) Huang Zhong (C)(2)(C)(3) Tai Cong (D) (4) Tong Zhong (D)(5)(E)(6) Zhong Lu (f) (6). If there is no lens (A A) (12), it should ring (b). Twelve methods divide yin and yang. Odd six laws are yang laws, which are called "six laws", and even ones are yin laws, which are called "six laws and six laws" for short. But the six laws mentioned in ancient books usually refer to yin and yang.
In ancient times, the law was attached to the calendar, and the music law was linked to the calendar. The twelve laws are coordinated with December, according to the Book of Rites and the Moon Order, that is, "the month of Meng Chun, the law is too complicated; Zhong Chunyue, the clock is in the law; The moon in Ji Chun, the Gu Xi in law; In the summer dream, Lu is in the law; The midsummer moon is full of guests; The moon in summer, the bell of law; The moon in Qiu Meng, the law is in the middle; Mid-autumn moon, south of Fallow; Season and autumn moon, the law has no shooting; In the month of Meng Dong, the bell should ring in the law; Midwinter moon, yellow bell in France; In winter, the moon in the season is great. " "In the law" means "the law should". Ouyang Xiu's Ode to Autumn Sound says: "Yi is the method of July and March ... Yi, if you kill your head, the extremes will be reversed, so you should kill it. Later generations also often use the names of the twelve laws to indicate the seasonal months, such as Cao Pi's Quality with Wu: Ji.
Twelve-tone system: ancient legal system, which divided an octave into twelve semitones with three-point profit and loss method. The legal system from low to high is: Huang Zhong, Lu Da, Tai Qun, Jia Zhong, Gu Xi, Zhonglu, Yan Bin, Lin Zhong, Yize, Nanlu, Wupai, Ying Zhong and Odd.
In ancient melody, pentatonic scale and heptatonic scale are relative pitches. There are twelve absolute pitches * * *, which just correspond to C, # C and D mentioned above. It is called the Twelve Laws. They are: Huang Zhong, Mrs. Lu, Zhong Gu, Zhong Lu, Lin, Nan Lu, and no beat (the sound is easy to beat and come out, that is, Tao Zi) refers to November). The bell should be C # C D be e f # F G Ba A BB, and like western music, you can take any one of Huang Zhong and Zhong as the gong yin and set the scale of what key-"Jun". For example, Huang Zhong is used as the Gong Yin (that is, c is 1).