The Sapphire Case: Sent out of Suburbs, Original Text: Chen's Mountain Residence:
The west wind disturbs the leaves of the trees on the creek bridge. Autumn is where the yellow flowers are shy. The sleeves are full of dust and cannot be pushed away. Horse hooves are thick with dew, the sound of roosters is pale in the moonlight, and the deserted village road is lonely. Many people's names are mistaken for Confucian titles. It will be like this again in ten years. And please don't dance, please don't do it. The old stories of the Six Dynasties are like the flowing water of a river, and all the feelings of the end of the world. The Sapphire Case·Being Sent Out of the Suburbs and Inscribed on Chen's Mountain Residence Translation
The west wind was bleak, and the dead leaves on the branches beside the stream bridge were blown away, and the chrysanthemums also bowed their heads in mourning, showing the desolation of autumn. Full of dust and dust, the road ahead is long and there is no way to return. The horse's hooves are treading the cold dew, the morning rooster is crowing in the distance, the moonlight is indifferent in the sky, and I am in a deserted village on a strange road, full of loneliness.
The official career has been bumpy, and the body and mind are exhausted. There are so many emotions when I revisit my hometown ten years later. For the time being, I have finished drinking the parting wine in the cup. Don’t be secretly happy. Don’t you realize that the luxury of the Six Dynasties has finally been paid to Yijiang? Running water, thousands of emotions are all caused by the dusk in the horizon. The Sapphire Case · Being Expelled from the Suburbs and Inscribed on the Appreciation of Chen's Mountain Residence
The upper part of the poem is a road map of a deserted village, using the artistic conception of Wen Tingyun's "The sound of chickens in that cottage and the moon, and the frost on Banqiao where there are people": late autumn. , the rooster crows, the cold moonlight has not yet faded, the west wind blows off the dead leaves on the branches, and the shyly blooming chrysanthemums on the roadside reveal a hint of autumn. It is still early, but there are already people riding horses, riding in the morning. Dew, walking on the lonely deserted village road. This traveler is Zhang Ju.
"Autumn is in the shy place of yellow flowers", the word "shy" is wonderful. Ancient poets described Huanghua in many ways, either as a proud warrior, as a weak girl being bullied, as a symbol of sorrow, or as a foil for leisure. Only Zhang Ju used the word "shy" to describe it. , not only writes that the yellow flower has not yet raised its head after being beaten by a night of heavy frost, it seems to be a bit shy and bitter, and at the same time it just expresses the shy, angry and bitter mood of the poet at this time. Another meaning is that the chrysanthemum that blooms alone in Aoshuang can't help but feel "shy" after a night of being beaten. Flowers like this, how can people be embarrassed! Zhang Ju's "Autumn in the Shy Place of Yellow Flowers" is highly artistic because of its novel semantics, which makes the description of yellow flowers consistent with the protagonist's psychology.
The sentence "Sleeves Full of Dust" is the original version of the whole word. From this, there is "shyness", there is a horse running, and there is infinite emotion. The three sentences "horseshoe" combine several unrelated scenes to form a picture with strong feelings. The rhythm arrangement of these three sentences is even more clever: horseshoes - dense dew - the sound of chickens - the pale moon - the lonely calendar - the deserted village - the road. Two words in one sentence, thirteen words form a balanced, smooth seven syllables, which just fits the mood of the poet riding a horse alone, riding on a desolate mountain road with a monotonous and dull rhythm.
If the first film is mainly about scenery, then the second film is mainly about romance. The first part is about what the poet saw along the way, and the second part is about the poet's emotions after arriving at Chen's Mountain Residence. After ten years, I still wander around the old place. The scenery remains the same, but things have changed and the people have changed. How can I not arouse the strong emotion that "the name and status have been mistaken for Confucianism"! Here the poet uses Du Fu's poetry to express his feelings about the encounter, and further says that both "body" and "name" were misunderstood by the Confucian crown, which shows the depth of his indignation!
"Let's clear the bottle" echoes the previous film "Can't Push It Off", showing the author's helplessness, drinking to relieve worries and chatting about sex. The "gong" in "Gong Mo Wu" refers to those who are powerful in the officialdom, and its meaning is the same as Xin Qiji's "Jun Mo Wu, you will not see the jade ring and flying swallows will be dust". It's just that the poet didn't use Yuhuan and Feiyan, but used "old things of the Six Dynasties" as metaphors.
The common characteristics of the Six Dynasties were that the rulers were extravagant and corrupt, and lived in drunken dreams. As a result, the fortunes of the countries did not last long and they perished one after another. The situation in the Southern Song Dynasty was similar to that of the Six Dynasties. The poet seemed to have had a premonition that it would repeat the same fate as the Six Dynasties, so here he used historical chants to express his feelings about current events. This is exactly the emotion that countless literati and officials could easily have in Nanjing, the old capital of the Six Dynasties. Therefore, "ten thousand senses of the end of the world" not only refers to the passage of time from early morning to sunset, but also includes a deep emotion about the evanescence of time and the impermanence of life, a sarcastic warning to those villains who are temporarily proud of their officialdom, and a reflection on the fate of the country and individuals. Worries about the future, and the silent lament that he was "mistaken by Confucianism". Here, the poet uses the numbers "six", "one" and "ten thousand", repeatedly circling, going deep layer by layer, seeming to be straight and narrow, seeming to be lofty and depressed, vividly revealing the complex thoughts and feelings that are intertwined with all kinds of emotions.
The rhyme of this poem is also distinctive. "Tree, place, go, road, mistake, xu, dance, dusk" rhymes with the character "shang" in Chinese. There is a feeling of "hurrying but not relaxing, going but not The sentiment of "return", coupled with the syntactic structure of "Qingyu Case", which is less harmonious and more angry, make the whole poem's sad, angry and generous emotions more powerfully contagious.
“Those who excel in learning will lead to officialdom.” For thousands of years, most Chinese intellectuals have followed this life principle and trudged hard on the difficult official career. Because different people have different life experiences and personality ideals, not all scholars are always eager to become officials and are willing to float up and down in the officialdom. Zhang Ju's poem expresses his boredom with officialdom and hopes to transcend the country in time.
The title of the poem is, what appears before our eyes is a picture of a journey in a deserted village: on a late autumn morning, the cold moon is still hanging in the sky, shining on the condensed light on the board bridge. A layer of snow-white thick frost.
Dead leaves were flying all over the sky in the whistling westerly wind, and then piled up on the mountain roadside, or fell in the creek, but only the golden chrysanthemums were still blooming shyly by the bridge and the road, and a few chickens crowed in the distance. , someone was riding a horse, walking alone across the Banqiao, bypassing the creek, and walking along the mountain road to the secluded and desolate mountain village. The first part of the poem outlines such a lonely and cold autumn scene for us. The most expressive part is "Autumn is where the yellow flowers are shy". Using the word "shy" to describe chrysanthemums is novel, unique and clever. "Shy" not only expresses the chrysanthemum's inability to raise its head after being beaten by a night of thick frost, but also expresses the shyness, anger and bitterness of the poet's heart at this moment. Why does the author feel ashamed, angry and bitter at this moment? If you learn about Zhang Ju's life, you will know that Zhang Ju was a native of the Southern Song Dynasty. He served as the magistrate of Jurong County during the Chunyou reign of Emperor Lizong of the Song Dynasty. Baoyouzhong also served as the counselor of the Jiangdong system and was in charge of confidential texts. He served as an official twice before and after, both in humble positions. It seems that the poet was very dissatisfied with his career and even disappointed. The four words "being kicked out of the suburbs" in the title reveal this mentality. The word "being" conveys reluctance and helplessness. The poet is traveling in a dusty way, "My sleeves are full of dust and I can't push it away." The dust is said to be pushed instead of brushed, and the language is novel and natural. It not only echoes the previous "shy" sentence, but also brings out the horse's walking and infinite emotion.
The first part of the poem describes the scene to set off the mood, which can also be said to describe the state of mind that corresponds to the external world. Then in the second part of the poem, the author expresses the infinite emotion triggered by arriving at Chen's Mountain Residence. The first sentence in the next film is: "Many people's reputations are misunderstood by Confucianism." The word "mistake" reveals how much resentment and regret he felt during his official career. This is the meaning of the word. "Ten years will be like this again", a kind of loss and regret enveloped the author's heart. Ten years later, when he returned to the old place, the scenery was still the same, but as for the people, the years were wasted in vain, and his "body" and "name" All wrong. The first two sentences of the next film make people naturally think of Tao Yuanming's realization that he "stumbled into the dust and disappeared for thirty years." Therefore, the poet's inner pain, contradiction, regret, resentment, and helplessness are all conveyed in these two sentences. "Let's clear the bottle" is out of helplessness. The pain and depression in the heart may only be relieved by wine. This echoes the "sleeves full of dust" in the previous film. "Gong Mowu" refers to people who are powerful in the officialdom. People who gain power for a moment don't have to be so frivolous and complacent. You see, "Old Events of the Six Dynasties" are like "flowing water in a river". Just like "Dancing on the pavilion and singing stage, the wind will always be swept away, and the rain will blow." Blow away." So what do honor and disgrace, success and failure count for in the vicissitudes of history? Even if the six dynasties were like luxury and corruption, the six dynasties of drunkenness and dreams would not disappear with the wind, leaving no trace." At this point in the entire poem, like a river flowing into the sea, the poet sighed deeply: "I feel the dusk at the end of the world." This is the poet's sigh when facing the dusk, thinking about his life experience and national conditions, and feeling mixed emotions. The word "twilight" not only refers to the dusk in physical time, but also directly feels that the fate of the country is approaching dusk. This concluding sentence takes over all the previous words and expresses the author's complex thoughts and feelings deeply and vividly with ease.
Poetry works: The Sapphire Case · Being Expelled from the Suburbs and Inscribed on Chen's Mountain Residence Poetry Author: Zhang Ju of the Song Dynasty Poetry Category: Graceful, Traveling, Scenery, and Emotion