Du Fu was born in Jing Zhao Du Jia. As a teenager, Du Fu lived a relatively stable and prosperous life because of his superior family environment. He was eager to learn since he was a child, and he could write poems at the age of seven.
At the age of 19 in the 19th year of Kaiyuan, Du Fu traveled to Linyi, Shandong. Twenty years old, roaming wuyue for several years. In the 23rd year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (735), Du Fu returned to his hometown to participate in the "rural tribute". Twenty-four years in Luoyang to take the Jinshi exam, ranking first from the bottom. Du Fu's father was Sima, the secretariat of Yanzhou at that time, so Du Fu went to Yanzhou to visit relatives and began a trip to Qi and Zhao.
In November of the 14th year of Tianbao (755), An Shi Rebellion broke out. In June of the following year, Tongguan fell and Xuanzong fled hastily. In July, Prince Hengli was appointed as Su Zong in Lingwu (now lingwu city, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region).
At this time, Du Fu had moved his family to Qiang Village in Yinzhou (now Fuxian County, Shaanxi Province) to take refuge. He heard that Su Zong ascended the throne and went north alone in August to join Lingwu. Unfortunately, he was captured by the rebels on the way and brought to Chang 'an. Wang Wei, who was also captured, was closely supervised, and Du Fu was not imprisoned because of his small official position. Despite personal misfortunes, Du Fu always cared about the country and the people.
At the end of the first year of Gan Yuan (758), Du Fu temporarily left Huazhou to visit relatives in Luoyang and Yanshi (both in present-day Henan). In March of the following year, the battle between Tang Jun and Yecheng (now Anyang, Henan Province) broke out and Tang Jun was defeated.
On his way back to Huazhou from Luoyang, Du Fu was deeply moved by the endless disasters brought to the people by the war and the patriotic behavior of the people participating in the war, so he wrote the immortal epic "Three Officials". After returning to Iowa, revise and publish it. "I am full of sadness and trouble because people travel far." ?
In the third year of Dali (768), Du Fu was homesick, took a boat out of the gorge, went to Jiangling first, then transferred to the police, and drifted to Yueyang, Hunan at the end of the year. During this period, Du Fu lived in a boat. Because of the difficulties of life, not only can we not return to the north, but we are forced to travel further south. In the first month of the fourth year of Dali, from Yueyang to Tanzhou, from Tanzhou to Hengzhou, and then back to Tanzhou.
In the fifth year of Dali (770), Zang Jun made an insurrection in Tanzhou, and Du Fu fled to Hengzhou again. He had planned to go to Chenzhou to take refuge in his uncle Cui Kun, but when he went to Leiyang, he had to stop at Tianyi Fang when the river rose. He didn't eat anything for five days. Fortunately, the county magistrate Nie sent someone to deliver wine and meat, and was saved.
Later, Du Fu had to travel more than 200 miles upstream from Leiyang to Chenzhou. At this time, the flood did not retreat, and Du Fu returned to the north with one heart. At this time, he changed his plan, went downstream and returned to Tanzhou. In the winter of the fifth year of Dali (770), Du Fu died on a boat from Tanzhou to Yueyang. At the age of 59.
Extended data:
Influence of later generations:
Du Fu's poems are rich in social content, strong in times and distinctive in political inclination, which truly and profoundly reflect the political current affairs and broad social life prospect of a historical era before and after the An Shi Rebellion, and are called the "poetic history" of a generation.
Du Fu's poems have various styles. Besides Five Ancient Poems, Seven Ancient Poems and Five Laws and Seven Laws, he also wrote a lot of rhymes and styles and used various artistic techniques. He is a master of the thought and art of Tang poetry. Du Fu inherited the spirit of "feeling sad and happy and getting rid of the shackles of ancient Yuefu".
He wrote many new poems about Yuefu, such as the famous Three Officials and Three Farewells. After his death, he was highly praised by Huang Fan, Han Yu, Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi. The influence of Du Fu's poems has long gone beyond the scope of literature and art since ancient times. ..
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Du Fu