The following mainly analyzes homophonic puns in ancient poetry:
Homophony in folk songs
There are also many examples of puns in medieval folk songs. This technique occasionally appeared in ancient poems of Han and Wei dynasties, and was widely used in Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties, and formed a strict expression form, that is, the first sentence stated its language and the second sentence explained its meaning. Take two sentences as a group. The first sentence only describes one thing or behavior (action), and the second sentence uses puns to clarify its meaning. Especially Wu Shengge and Xiqu Song, their styles are mostly touching and tactful, expressing the delicate feelings between people. For example:
Spring silkworms should not be old, and they often conceive silk day and night.
"Huaisi" is the homonym "Huaisi". Using this rhetorical device, the feelings are tortuous and implicit, expressing the meaning of lingering between men and women. It's not just "silk" that is used in Wu Ge. Often take hibiscus as the husband's capacity, the monument as the mourning, the horse as the companion, the oil as the principle, the bun as the plan, the star as the heart, the chess as the time, and the comb as the sparse. Most of these homophonic words are common object names, which are vivid and easy to spread among the people. Therefore, homophonic pun has become an important artistic feature of Wu Sheng's western music.
Homophonic Puns in Tang Poetry and Song Poetry
Tang poetry also likes to express love with homophonic puns. And many of them describe the heroine's incomparable loyalty to love. This kind of poems, due to the clever use of homophonic puns, vividly express passionate love and deep feelings. Such as the Tang Dynasty poet Li Shangyin's masterpiece Untitled:
It was a long time ago that I met her, but since we separated, the time has become longer, the east wind is blowing and a hundred flowers are blooming. Spring silkworms die, and every night the candles will weep their wicks away.
In the morning, she saw her hair cloud changing in the mirror, but she bravely faced the cold of the moonlight with her evening song. There is no way to leave Pengshan, Oh Bluebird, listen! -Give me what she said! .
This poem is about a woman's unforgettable yearning for her lover and her eternal love. Its genius lies in the clever use of couplets: first, the homophonic "thinking" penetrates the "silk", which is better than the clever police, and the clever use of homophonic, silk mourning, candle tears as a metaphor for the tears of acacia, silkworms keep spinning, spitting up, living up, candle tears, dying, burning. Explain that women are obsessed with love to death, and feelings can make them cry.
Among them, there are also homophonic words in Tang poetry to express feelings of parting, among which "Liu" is the most famous.
Qin Louyue, willow color year after year, Baling died. "(Li Bai's Qin Yi E).
Since ancient times, people have always thought that "willow" is something with the meaning of parting, and folding willow means farewell. The homonym of "Liu" and "Liu" makes the broken Liu have the meaning of being together. Moreover, in Li Bai's eyes, both sides of Xi 'an Baling Bridge are weeping willows. Baling Bridge is the gateway to Beijing, and this is the place to bid farewell. The broken willow on Baling Bridge can especially express feelings of sadness and parting. Therefore, the ancients had the custom of folding willows to bid farewell. Therefore, in Lin Yuling, Liu Yong also used "where to wake up after drinking tonight, where the wind blows in Yang Liuan" to express his feelings of parting.
Its function and humanistic connotation
Proper use of puns can achieve twice the result with half the effort. On the one hand, it can make language humorous and interesting. Its magical function is the most legendary of Sanjie Liu:
Tao can't see peach blossoms, others can't see flowers, and others can't see gongs and drums. Where did the three cockroaches come from? ("Liu Sanjie")
Liu Sanjie's three surnames "Tao, Li and Luo" coincide with "Tao, Li and Gong", so she skillfully linked the surnames and referred to the matter, and made a bitter mockery of the three literati who were accomplices of the landlord's old wealth, laughing at their embarrassment of being speechless and unable to answer, which clearly showed Liu Sanjie's smart, witty, provocative, brave and good at singing. The lyrics are lively and humorous and interesting to read.
On the other hand, the use of homophonic puns can also meet the needs of a unique context, making its expression subtle, tortuous and vivid, and enhancing the expressive force of the article. For example:
I lost my pride, Yang Jun lost his willow, and the willow is light at the elbow and heavy in the sky. (Mao Zedong's "The Recent Flowers". Answer Li Shuyi ")
"Willow" refers to Huayang and catkin on the surface, but actually refers to two martyrs, Yang Kaihui and Liu Zhigou. Comrade Mao Zedong used the rhetorical device of homophonic pun here, highly praised Yang Kaihui and Liu Zhigou, two martyrs who died heroically for the proletarian revolutionary cause, and implicitly and profoundly expressed their deep condolences to the two martyrs.
The use of homophonic puns in poetry is implicit and euphemistic, humorous and witty, giving people room for thinking and chewing. It also has a strong humanistic connotation:
First, it embodies the Han people's pursuit of implicit discourse.
Influenced by the traditional culture of China, Han people pursue the meaning of words in language communication, so they all like to use puns, which are both subtle and lively. For example:
Go for four or five years, meet and talk about old feelings.
Killing the lotus root constantly revives the lotus root. (reading songs)
Among them, "lotus root" homophones "even" (puppet) and "lotus" homophones "pity", which euphemistically expresses women's thoughts about their lovers. This is a common way to express love in poetry.
Secondly, homophonic pun is a homophonic culture, which reflects the customs and social etiquette of the Han nationality.
As an important language expression in Chinese, homophonic pun belongs to the category of Chinese culture. As a homophonic culture, homophonic pun reflects certain customs and social customs. For example, some ancient poems are homophonic with traditional marriage customs. Sprinkle dates, peanuts, etc. On the wedding bed, jujube is homophonic with "early", and "raw" is homophonic with "raw", and the two sounds are connected to take the auspicious meaning of "early birth".
label
As a figure of speech in Chinese, homophonic pun has changed and developed in history. It not only appeared in ancient poetry, but also has not disappeared until now. It shoulders the heavy responsibility of inheriting culture. Through homonym, the psychology of the ancients is quietly expressed, which is tragic and heroic. Homophonic pun is the essence of China culture.