original text
Who is cuter than her? However, she lives alone in an empty valley. A good girl from Ziyun. When the problem appeared in the customs area, her brother and close relatives were killed. What's the use of them in high positions, they can't even protect their own lives? . The world is dismissive of adversity, and hope will go out like the light of a candle. Her husband, with a wandering heart, is looking for a new face like jade. When the morning glory is rolled up at night, the mandarin ducks lie side by side. He can only see the smile of his new love, but he can't hear the cry of his old love. The stream is pure at the source of the mountain, but its water turns dark far away from the mountain. Wait for her maid to come back after selling pearls, and then she needs straw to build the roof. She picked some flowers, not for her hair, but for letting pine needles fall from her fingers. She forgot the thin silk sleeves and the cold, and leaned against a tall bamboo.
Precautions:
(1) peerless: contemporary peerless, chinese odyssey. Beauty: A beautiful woman.
(2) seclusion: quiet in the boudoir, quiet and self-sustaining.
(3) falling: falling, falling. Yicaomu: Living in the mountains.
(4) Turbulence: Death and disaster refer to chaos in peacetime.
(5) Official rank: refers to the official rank of a girl.
(6) flesh and blood: refers to brothers in trouble.
(7) Turn the candle: The candle turns with the wind, indicating that things are changeable.
(8) husband: husband.
(9) Newcomer: refers to the husband's new wife.
(10) faint: flowers bloom at night and leaves bloom at night.
(1 1) Yuanyang: Waterbirds, male and female in pairs, stay together day and night.
(12) Old people: beautiful women claim to be themselves.
(13) selling pearls: selling jewelry because of poverty.
(14) Rose plucking: picking the branches of vines. It is also about the poverty of beautiful women.
(15) Picking cypress: picking cypress leaves. Move: Often.
(16) xiuzhu: gaozhu.
Translation:
There is a beautiful woman living in seclusion in a secluded valley. She said: "I am a lady, and I only attach myself to vegetation when I am wandering." I think my brothers were brutally killed during the Chang 'an chaos. What's the use of standing on top and being famous? You can't adopt my own flesh and blood The world hates decline, and everything is like a candle swaying in the wind. I didn't expect my husband to be a frivolous man who married Yan Ruyu's bride. There is a season when lovesickness blooms and flowers fall, and there is also a season when lovebirds are not alone. I have been teasing new people, so who cares if I am an old man crying? ! "The spring water in the mountains is clear and transparent, and the spring water in the mountains will be turbid. The maid who sells jewelry has just returned, pulling rattan to repair the broken hut. Picked wildflowers don't like stuffing, and picked cypresses are full. In cold weather, beauty wears thin clothes and leans against long bamboo in the sunset.
Explanation:
In June 758 (the first year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong), Du Fu was demoted from the left to join the army in Huazhou. In July of the following year, he resolutely gave up his official position, married and had children, and settled in Qin Zhou, picking acorns with a negative salary and earning his own living. Beauty was written this autumn. In the poem, Gone with the Wind was abandoned by her husband and lived in an empty valley with a hard life. The meaning of this poem has been controversial. Some people think it's all about sustenance, others think it's realistic, but most of them are in between.
Du Fu was imprisoned in an Anshi rebellion, fell into the hands of thieves, and did not forget the monarch and ministers. He tried his best to serve the Tang court, but he was demoted and abandoned, wandering around and being displaced. However, he never forgot his national worries when he was facing difficulties in climbing mountains and making a living. This injustice, this spiritual integrity, is deplorable, much like the heroine of this poem. So the author poured a lump on her chest with someone else's wine, conveying her own life experience. Du Fu's beauty should be regarded as a poem combining objective reflection with subjective sustenance.
Comments:
The hero of this poem is a woman who was abandoned in the war. In the figure gallery of China classical literature, this is a unique and distinctive female image.
At the beginning of the poem, this peerless beauty who lives in an empty valley is introduced, and then it is introduced by Ziyun, and the beauty tells her life experience. She said that she was born in a famous family, but she was born at the wrong time and caught up with social unrest; Although the brother was in a high position, he died tragically in the army, and even his bones could not be buried. In this society where the human world changes with the transfer of power, fate is especially cruel to unfortunate people. Due to the death of her family, her frivolous husband mercilessly abandoned her and went to have fun with her new lover in her crying. Social, family and personal disasters followed one after another, all of which befell this weak woman. The heroine's long monologue, while narrating, discusses and pours out personal misfortunes, laments that the world is cold, and her words are full of grief and grievances. In particular, the comparison between the metaphor of "when the morning glory is rolled up at night and the mandarin ducks are lying side by side" and "what he can see is the smile of his new lover, but the old lover cries but can't hear it" makes people want to see her tearful expression.
However, the heroine was not crushed by misfortune, nor did she give in to fate. She swallowed the bitter fruit of life, went to the mountains alone and lived beside the vegetation. The last six sentences of the poem mainly describe the desolate situation of seclusion in the deep valley. The thatched cottage needs mending, the green sleeves are thin, pearls are sold as a livelihood, and cypress wood is used as food, which shows the poverty and embarrassment of a better life; The first one has no decoration and no flower arrangement in her hair. When it is cold and dusk, she leans against the bamboo to face the wind, revealing haggard and inner loneliness and sadness. The situation of beautiful women is miserable both materially and spiritually. Fortunately, there is also a diligent maid-in-waiting If she goes out, she will sell her old things. If she comes back, she will make up the house and live alone with her master. How lonely it would be otherwise!
While describing the beauty's lonely life with Fu, the poet also praised her noble and self-sufficient character with Bi Xing. Of course, "building a roof for straw"-a simple and quiet environment, "picking flowers without arranging flowers"-has shown a beautiful woman's pure and simple heart; However, the descriptions of "letting pine needles slip through fingers" and "she leans against a tall bamboo in the sunset" link the image of a beautiful woman with symbols of lofty qualities such as "bamboo" and "cypress", thus suggesting to readers: Don't you think this ill-fated woman is like cold-resistant cypress and tall and straight bamboo? Similarly, "the mountain stream is pure and the water outside the mountain is dark" also symbolizes the noble sentiment of the heroine. The turbidity of mountains and rivers is a foil to the clarity of mountains and rivers, and the core lies in the word "Qing". The poet wants to compare the purity of mountain spring water with the purity of empty valley beauty, which is the same as the mechanism of "leaning on bamboo" and "picking cypress"
Fate is tragic and sentiment is noble, which are two sides of a beautiful woman's image. The poet described these two aspects of the characters and adopted different names in his writing. Narrating the fate of beautiful women is the first-person talk, and the tone is straightforward and bright; Praising the beauty's character is a third-person description with implicit style. Frank and hearty, so touching, causing readers to * * * sound; Implied, so intriguing, leaving readers room for imagination. The combination of the two makes the heroine's image full of tragedy and sublimity.
Regarding the intention of this poem, Huang Sheng, a person from A Qing Dynasty, said: "It is appropriate for me to pretend to be this poem by chance." This poem was written in the autumn of the second year of Gan Yuan (759), that is, the fifth year after the Anshi Rebellion. Earlier, the poet had no choice but to resign from the post of Four Duke of Huazhou and join the army. Forced to make a living, he took his wife over Longshan and came to the remote Qin Zhou. Du Fu tried his best to serve the Tang court, but he was heartbroken and fell into the dilemma of abandoning his official and drifting. However, he never forgot the fate of the country and the nation when he was faced with many difficulties and had no food and clothing. This kind of injustice, this kind of moral integrity, is very similar to the heroine of this poem. "We are not happy-until the end of the day, we met. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? "Du Fu's beauty should be regarded as a masterpiece combining objective reflection with subjective sustenance.
Brief introduction of the author
Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, was named Ye Lao of Shaoling, alias: Ye Lao of Ling Du, Buyi nationality of Ling Du, Han nationality, originally from Xiangyang, Xiangzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei), and generally thought to have been born in Gongxian (now Gongyi, Henan). A great realistic poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Representative works include Three Officials (Xin 'an Official, Shi Haoguan, Tongguan Official) and Three Farewells (Newly Married, Resigned, Homeless). Du Zhisun, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Tang Suzong, Official Left Addendum. After he entered Shu, he was recommended by his friends as a staff officer of Ren Jiannan Drug Rehabilitation Center, and Yuan Wailang was appointed as the school's engineering department. Therefore, later generations also called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu. He is concerned about the country and the people and has a noble personality. He wrote more than 1500 poems in his life, and his poetic skills were exquisite, so he was called "poet saint" by later gods.
Du Fu was a great realistic poet and world cultural celebrity in Tang Dynasty. Experienced the process from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu and Li Bai are both called "Du Li". In order to distinguish it from the other two poets and "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Big Du Li" and Du Fu is often called "Old Du". Du Fu and Du Mu are distant relatives, both descendants of Du Yu, the general who destroyed Sun Wu in Jin Dynasty (Du Fu was Du Yu's twentieth grandson). Du Fu's middle-aged poems are called "the history of poetry" because of his gloomy poetic style and feelings of worrying about the country and the people. Although Du Fu was not known to the world at that time, his works had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature through the research of later generations. About 65,438+0,500 of his poems have been preserved, and his collection is Du Gongbu. His influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "epics". For more appreciation of Tang poetry, please pay attention to Guo Xuexi's 300 Tang poems in Gutang. com。 ()
Du Fu's poems are good at classical style and rhythmic poetry, and have various styles. He accurately summed up his work style with the words "depressed and frustrated", mainly focusing on depression. Du Fu lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty, and his poems mostly involved social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings. His poems reflect the social contradictions and people's sufferings at that time, so they are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu is concerned about the country and the people, with noble personality and exquisite poetic skills. Du Fu wrote more than 1500 poems in his life, many of which are famous works that have been handed down from generation to generation, such as Three Officials, Three Farewells and Du Gongbu Collection. Among them, the "three officials" are Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an official and Tongguan official, and the "three farewell" are newly married, homeless and resigned. Du Fu's poems were the most widely circulated in the Tang Dynasty, and he was one of the most outstanding poets in the Tang Dynasty, which had a far-reaching influence on later generations.