Original text
Sitting Alone on Jingting Mountain
Dynasty: Tang Dynasty
Author: Li Bai
Birds After flying high, the lone cloud went away alone.
I never get tired of seeing each other, only Jingting Mountain.
Translation
The birds flew without a trace, and the lonely clouds floating in the sky were unwilling to stay, and slowly drifted away into the distance. Only I look at the high Jingting Mountain, and Jingting Mountain stares at me silently, and none of us will feel satisfied. Who can understand my lonely mood at this time, only this tall Jingting Mountain.
Notes
⑴Jingting Mountain: in the north of Xuancheng City, Anhui Province. "Yuanhe County Chronicles" records: "It is ten miles north of Xuancheng County. There are Wansong Pavilion and Tiger Peeping Spring on the mountain." "Jiangnan Tongzhi" Volume 16 Ningguofu: "Jingting Mountain is ten miles north of Fucheng County. The mansion annals say : It is known as Zhaoting in ancient times, facing Wan and Ju Rivers in the east, overlooking the city gate in the south, and seeing the wind and sails of Yanshi City. It is very picturesque. "
⑵ Exhausted: No more.
⑶Guyun: There is a sentence in Tao Yuanming's "Ode to the Poor Man" that "Guyun is alone and has no support". Zhu Jian's note: "When I sit alone, the birds fly and the clouds disperse, there are people who are ruthless and not close to each other. There is only the mountain of Jingting, and you can look at each other without getting tired of each other." Lugu Quxian: Go alone, go alone. Leisure, describes the clouds floating here and there, leisurely and at ease. Lonely clouds drifted here and there.
⑷Disgust: Satisfaction.
Appreciation
The previous two sentences, "All the birds are flying high, and the lone cloud is alone," seem to describe the scene in front of you, but in fact, they describe all the sadness: in the sky A few birds flew away until they disappeared without a trace; there was still a white cloud in the long sky, but it did not want to stay, and slowly drifted farther and farther away, as if everything in the world was despising the poet. The words "end" and "xian" lead readers into a "quiet" realm: it seems that they feel particularly quiet after the noise of a group of mountain birds disappears; they feel particularly quiet and calm after the rolling thick clouds disappear. It has both the meaning of disappearing and the feeling of slowly disappearing into the sky. Leisure is mainly used to express leisurely feelings, and the leisurely mood of Guyun is used to set off the leisurely mood of the author. These two words enhance the artistic conception of "independence". The main reason is that the author is sitting alone but in a leisurely mood, which is in line with Li Bai's own immortal thoughts.
Therefore, these two sentences are written as "moving" to see "quiet", and "moving" is used to contrast "quiet". This kind of "quietness" highlights the loneliness and loneliness of the poet's soul. This vivid way of writing can give readers associations, and it also implies that the poet has been visiting Jingting Mountain for a long time, outlining the image of him "sitting alone" in trance, which pave the way for the second line of "the two never tire of looking at each other".
The images of these two sentences are juxtaposed in the style of "stars over the moon". The central word "bird" in the first sentence is the central image, and the word "fly" is added to form a composite image, which strengthens the meaning of dynamic expression. "Birds" can remind readers of a quiet and peaceful scene in the mountains. The birds singing gracefully in the empty mountains have a special sense of fun. But in front of them, the birds are flying high and getting farther and farther away from people. The word "high" plays a role in expanding space. Looking up, in the vast blue sky, birds are flying away until they are no longer visible. The word "end" enhances the expression of this sentence and shows Li Bai's melancholy at this time. In the last sentence, "cloud" is the central word, which is compounded with "go", and the silent clouds are gradually drifting away. The clouds are not white clouds all over the sky, they are just "lonely clouds" without a companion, but they drift away slowly and leisurely. The poet writes about Guyun's state with "leisure", highlighting the process of leaving, allowing readers to feel the poet's inner unbearability and helplessness when savoring Guyun's leaving state.
The words "end" and "idle" lead readers into a "quiet" state: it seems that they feel particularly quiet after the noise of a group of mountain birds disappears; they feel special after the thin clouds disperse. of tranquility. They all seem to have spirituality, unwilling to be with the poet, and move away from the poet, leaving only a vast and vast space. Sitting in such a space, the poet appears even more lonely and insignificant. In fact, the birds in the mountains and forests cannot fly away, and the clouds cannot float into the sky. In the poem, all the birds and lonely clouds leave the poet. This is the result of the poet's emotional reflection. It is the vast space intentionally created by the poet to express his lonely emotions. This vivid way of writing can remind readers: Li Bai has been sitting there for a while. He watched the birds and lonely clouds gradually fly away. The birds and lonely clouds all left Jingting Mountain, and he was the only one. Still sitting there admiring it, it outlines the image of him "sitting alone" in trance, paving the way for the second line of "the two never tire of looking at each other".
The third and fourth sentences, "Jingting Mountain is the only place we can never tire of looking at each other," use romanticism to personify and personalize Jingting Mountain. Although the bird flew away, the poet still did not go back, nor did he want to go back. He stared at the quiet and beautiful Jingting Mountain for a long time, feeling that Jingting Mountain seemed to be looking at him lovingly. There is no need to say anything between them, they have reached emotional communication. "We never tire of seeing each other" expresses the deep feelings between the poet and Jingting Mountain. The words "phase" and "liang" are synonymous, closely linking the poet with Jingting Mountain, showing strong feelings. At the same time, "looking at each other" also points out the lonely scene where there are only "mountain" and "me" at this moment, which overlaps with the word "two", and the mutual dependence between the mountain and people arises spontaneously. The word "only" in the conclusion is also refined, which highlights the poet's love for Jingting Mountain. "It is enough to have a confidant in life." To the poet, it is not important for a bird to fly into the clouds.
The artistic conception created by these two lines of poetry is still "quiet". On the surface, it seems that the poet is looking at Jingting Mountain opposite each other with affection. In fact, the more the poet writes about the "sentimentality" of mountains, the more he expresses the "ruthlessness" of people; and his cold treatment, lonely and desolate situation is also revealed in this quiet scene.
The dynamic images of "birds" and "lonely clouds" are juxtaposed with the static images of "Jingting Mountain". There are only quantitative changes in the dimensions of time and space. However, there are qualitative changes in the psychological dimension: scholar-bureaucrats who have ideals and talents but are suppressed in politics often have special sensitivity to "passing" and "dissipation". People are short-lived, but the universe is eternal. They often emit messages when they do not meet. sigh. The poet cited the eternal mountain as his confidant, which may be a last resort after "Chang'an was no longer visible". Even if Chang'an invites him, he doesn't know whether he will follow "the birds flying high".
The beautiful mountains, streams and small bridges of Jingting Mountain are missing from the poet’s writings. It’s not that Jingting Mountain has nothing to write about, because Jingting Mountain “borders Wan River in the east, overlooks the city gate in the south, and is full of sails in Yanshi City. , extremely picturesque.” Judging from the poem, it is impossible to know the poet's position relative to the mountain. It may be on the top of the mountain, or in an open area, but these are not important. The purpose of writing this poem is not to praise the scenery, but to express emotions through the scenery. It uses the wordless scenery to express the helplessness in the heart. The poet found solace in the personified Jingting Mountain, and seemed to feel less lonely. However, it is precisely here that the loneliness deep in the poet's heart is expressed more prominently. The profound loneliness in the world and the tragic atmosphere of the poet's life permeate the entire poem. The whole poem seems to be all about scenery and not a single word about emotion. However, since scenery is created by emotion, although every sentence is a scenery, every sentence is emotion. As Wang Euzhi said, it is "the scenery in the emotion, the scenery in the scenery". Affection".
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