It is a typical Danxia landform scenic spot with deep rocks and deep valleys, towering trees, precipices and beautiful scenery. Tongtianyan is named after "the stone peak is like a screen with a hole on the top".
Since the Tang Dynasty, the beautiful Tongtianyan has been turned into a cave temple. By the Northern Song Dynasty, the creation of Tongtianyan Grottoes had reached a climax.
Although the distribution of statues, the volume, quantity, scale and scale of stone niches in Tongtianyan Grottoes are not large compared with many grottoes in China, it is relatively the largest grottoes in southern China and the southernmost grottoes in China. Therefore, it is known as "the first cave in the south of the Yangtze River". There are 358 cliff statues since the Tang and Song Dynasties, and there are 128 inscriptions from the Northern Song Dynasty to the Republic of China, which is a precious treasure house of grotto art.
Tongtianyan Scenic Area includes ancient stone carving area and modern leisure area. The ancient stone carving area is the core and essence of the scenic spot, which is mainly composed of five caves: Guanxin Rock, Forgetting Rock, Longhu Rock, Tiantongyan and Cuiweiyan.
Entering the mountain gate of the scenic spot, along the stone road paved with flaky stones, bypassing the mountain pond, climbing the stone steps, and passing through a quiet valley, a quiet cave suddenly appeared in front of you. With lush trees and rugged roads, it is the place where the famous philosopher Wang Yangming gives lectures.
Besides, the big hole is covered with small holes. In the cave, Mr. Yangming is teaching his To Conscience to his disciples Chen Jiuchuan and Zou Shouyi, asking students to emphasize self-cultivation and asserting that "the principle of everything is nothing more than my heart" and "the heart is clear and natural", so later generations call his teaching place "Guanxin Rock".
Wang Yangming, also known as Wang Shouren, was born in Yuyao, Zhejiang, and was a famous Neo-Confucianism in Ming Dynasty. In the eleventh year of Zheng De (A.D. 15 16), Wang Yangming served as the governor of Gannan in Ganzhou, and later served as the minister of Nanjing Ministry of War.
At that time, Wang Yangming put down the "Chen Hao rebellion" in Gannan. In his spare time, he gave lectures in Guan Xinyan and took Zou Shouyi and others as disciples.
During his lecture in Ganzhou, he laid a theoretical foundation for his development of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties. Walking along the stone steps, there is a Danxia cave formed by weathering and peeling on the mountainside. In midsummer, tourists stroll here, but they find the cool breeze in Xu Lai refreshing, hence the name "Forgetting to Return to the Rock".
There is a beautiful story about this Danxia piercing. From ancient times to the present, Ganzhou City is a beautiful place, but there has never been a famous person. Why? Geomantic speaking, it is because the outlet of the downstream Ganjiang River is too big and the geomantic omen is not good, and all of them flow northward with the rolling river, so many celebrities have poured out of Ji 'an area in the downstream of Ganzhou City.
In ancient times, there was a big fairy who wanted to keep the good scenery of Ganzhou City. He chose two beautiful fairy mountains in Penglai Wonderland, and wanted to put them on the west bank of Chutan, and locked the water mouth on the east bank with Chushan. Daxian came to Tongtianyan and was discovered by the father-in-law of the land. Father Land saw two beautiful fairy mountains and thought, Why not leave them here? So Father Land learned to crow like a rooster.
Immortals can't work in the spindle factory during the day, because they are afraid of being seen by mortals and can't return to the fairy world. Daxian was walking on a mountain. When he heard the cock crow, he thought it would be dawn soon, and left two mountains in a hurry. Since then, the two fairy mountains have remained in Tongtianyan.
Up to now, there is a through hole in the Forgetting Worry Rock and the Ritual Buddha Rock in Tongtianyan Scenic Area, which is said to be made of bamboo shoulders when Daxian was carrying mountains. Legend belongs to legend. In fact, hundreds of thousands of years ago, it was an ocean. Later, with the movement of the earth's crust, the land rose, the ocean retreated and was eroded by wind and rain, forming what it is now.
When we looked up, these rock formations were traces left by seawater erosion. Look! The rocks here are deep and exquisite, and the valleys developed on the red bedrock crisscross. On both sides of the valley, there are dozens of meters high Red Cliff in Ya Dan. The dense forest at the bottom of the valley is full of vitality and is a typical representative of Danxia landform.
On the steep mountain wall on the left side of Fogui Rock, there is a huge inscription. The inscription is 3.5 in height and 2.3 in width, with 36 words in full text. It was written by Li Dazheng in the Southern Song Dynasty. It is magnificent, like the sun and the moon. Li Dazheng was a native of Jian 'ou, Fujian in the Southern Song Dynasty, and was closely related to Xin Qiji. He once held the post of Diankeng in Ganzhou (the official in charge of coinage).
At that time, Ganzhou was the place where coins were minted in China. It can be seen that as early as 800 years ago, Ganzhou's economy was very prosperous and its metallurgical industry was very developed. Let me see. There is a statue of Lohan on the top side of this inscription. It is said that Li Dazhang is paying money to protect this inscription. How dedicated and lifelike he is! This five-character poem by Wang Yangming, a Neo-Confucianist in the Ming Dynasty, is the most valuable in the whole "Forgetting the Rock Inscription".
This poem is written like this: "Green hills are everywhere, so they must be round, but if you are idle, the world will be covered with dust." At the beginning of Xilin, at the beginning of the bright moon, the stone bed is cold, and the hole is not swept in autumn. "
It not only depicts the scenery, but also expresses Mr. Wang Yangming's complex psychological activities. Among them, the cool stone bed refers to the stone bed on both sides of this cave for tourists to rest.
This poem had a great influence on the next 400 years. Some scholars admire the name of Mr. Yang Ming, and most of his poems are sung with the rhyme of Mr. Yang Ming. After crossing the Forgotten Rock, my eyes suddenly opened up. I looked up and saw the cliff flying. Cliff stone carving 18, and 6 statues of eighteen arhats.
Let's look at the Lohan Songzi carved in the Northern Song Dynasty. The statue supports its head with its left hand, and puts the unicorn on its abdomen with its right hand, with its left leg bent and its right leg bent. This is an arhat, which can bring welcome and celebration to people. I don't know when it started, there was a custom among Ganzhou people, that is, married women of childbearing age stood with their backs to this arhat and threw pebbles back. If they hit the reproductive part of this arhat, they will definitely have a fat son.
According to the elders, throwing stones at this arhat to beg for children is very effective. For hundreds of years, this arhat not only didn't enjoy fireworks, but also used many stones. Now it's black and blue, I can't recognize it.
There are some established things.
2.600~ 1000 words before adding a beginning about Ganzhou Tongtianyan composition.
Love Garden The emotional blending of brotherhood, marriage, homosexuality, romance, love and human feelings. You see, the pass of pneumatic stone, from wind and stone to heart and action, explains all kinds of human feelings in Tongtianyan Love Garden. Lie back on the grass and enjoy the beauty of nature with the company of blue sky, white clouds and fragrant grass.
Groups of energetic plant art forms such as "Yuanyang playing in the water", "soul mate", "Cupid's arrow" and "seeds of love" bring some aftertaste to your intoxication, release and reverie. In addition, on the green grassland in Qingyuan, 9.99-meter-high dripping Guanyin is receiving the blessing of all beings in the world.
Longfengyuan Longfengyuan is connected with the Love Garden and is a Neolithic site. Archaeologists collected stone axes, spears, spears, more stones and stone fragments discarded after making stone blanks, as well as pottery fragments printed with basket patterns and rope patterns. It proves that there were human activities in Tongtianyan as early as 4 thousand years ago.
On the high slope of Longfengyuan, there is the Ruyi Tower with a height of 12.99 meters, and the tower is engraved with the Four Kings of "Good Weather". With the development of tourism, a number of amusement and leisure attractions have been built, such as ecological charm, water spraying and overlapping springs, water spraying and drying springs, life gathering garden, homing, 100-meter promenade, Zodiac Garden and so on.
Guan Xinyan walked into the mountain gate of the scenic spot, walked along the stone road paved by green schists, bypassed the pond, climbed the stone steps and crossed a quiet valley. Suddenly, a quiet cave appeared in front of him. With lush trees and rugged roads, it is the place where the famous philosopher Wang Yangming gives lectures.
The big hole here is covered with small holes. In the small hole, Mr. Yangming is teaching his "To Conscience" to his disciples Chen Jiuchuan and Zou Shouyi, asking students to emphasize self-cultivation and asserting that "the principle of everything is nothing more than my heart" and "the heart is clear and natural", so later people call him "Guanxin Rock".
Wang Yangming, also known as Wang Shouren, was born in Yuyao, Zhejiang, and was a famous Neo-Confucianism in Ming Dynasty. In the eleventh year of Zheng De (A.D. 15 16), Wang Yangming served as the governor of Gannan in Ganzhou, and later served as the minister of Nanjing Ministry of War.
At that time, Wang Yangming put down the "Chen Hao rebellion" in Gannan. In his spare time, he gave lectures in Guan Xinyan and took Zou Shouyi and others as disciples.
During his lecture in Ganzhou, he laid a theoretical foundation for his development of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties. Forgotten rock walks along the stone steps, and there is a Danxia cave formed by weathering and peeling on the mountainside. In midsummer, tourists walk here, but feel the breeze slowly, exhausted and refreshing, so they are named "Forgetting Rock".
There is a huge inscription on the steep mountain wall on the left side of Fogui Rock. This inscription is 3.5 meters high and 2.3 meters wide. It was written by Li Dazheng in the Southern Song Dynasty. It is magnificent, like the sun and the moon. Li Dazheng was a native of Jian 'ou, Fujian in the Southern Song Dynasty, and was closely related to Xin Qiji. He once worked in Ganzhou as a cellar manager (coin officer). This five-character poem by Wang Yangming, a Neo-Confucianist in the Ming Dynasty, is the most valuable in the whole "Forgetting the Rock Inscription".
This poem is written like this: "Castle Peak is beautiful everywhere, but you should have a good hometown, but if you idle around, the world will be covered with dust." At the beginning of Xilin, at the beginning of the bright moon, I was drunk on the stone bed, and the cave was not swept in autumn. "
It not only depicts the scenery, but also expresses Mr. Wang Yangming's complex psychological activities. After crossing the Forgotten Rock, my eyes suddenly opened up. I looked up and saw the cliff flying. Cliff stone carving 18, and 6 statues of eighteen arhats.
Let's look at this song Luohan Songzi in the Northern Song Dynasty. The statue supports its head with its left hand, puts Kirin on its abdomen with its right hand, and bends its left leg and right leg. It is an arhat that can bring joy and celebration to people. Longhuyan Longhuyan is a Danxia cave, about 100 meters long, named after the golden dragon and the double lakes carved.
This statue is called Dragon Tree King. He is the founder of Mahayana Buddhism, and Jinlong and Shuanghu are its guardians. There is a golden dragon carved on his left. Jinlong's back is hidden in the rock, and his front paws are open, as if walking leisurely.
On the right are two white tiger stone carvings. They seem to be playing around the Dragon Tree King. The whole statue constitutes a vivid "dragon and tiger leisure play map"
The words "Tongxin Rock" are engraved on the rocks next to this group of statues, which was inscribed by Zhaowen Liu in Ming Dynasty. At that time, he traveled all over Tian Yan. When he saw this group of statues, he was deeply moved. He wrote the word "concentric rock" on the rock to express his concern for the country and people. He hoped that officials at the top and bottom of the imperial court would not be "in-fighting" or "in-fighting", but would live in harmony and Qi Xin would make concerted efforts to govern the country.
In addition, the two arhats on the rock, Crouching Tiger and Dragon, belong to the Eighteen Arhats series along the Forgetting Rock, both of which are statues of the Song Dynasty. Longhuyan is also the cave with the largest number of cliff stone carvings in Tongtianyan Scenic Area.
* * * 39 inscriptions by celebrities in past dynasties. Its stylistic forms include titles, inscriptions, poems, statues, auspicious words and so on. , its content involves politics, history, religion, culture and other aspects.
It is a valuable material for studying China's calligraphy, stone carving art and local history. Among them, there is a travel note with 406 words, which is the inscription with the largest number of words in Tongtianyan.
Among these numerous inscriptions, Chen Shixiong's inscription in Song Dynasty has high historical value. This travel note was written in Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty.
At that time, there were many peasant uprisings in the mountainous areas of southern Jiangxi. The first half of this travel note describes that the court sent troops to suppress a peasant uprising in Dayu County, and the time, place and characters are relatively reliable. This is a rare historical material for studying the history of peasant war and the local history of southern Jiangxi.
Tang Bangzuo left three kinds of poems in Tongtianyan during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, and his calligraphy artistic attainments were very high. His handwriting is an artistic masterpiece in the stone carving of Tongtianyan Cliff. His calligraphy is vigorous, elegant and free, which is the best of all schools. Whether it is brushwork, structure or composition, it is unique.
Tang Bangzuo, a native of Lanxi, Zhejiang, was born as a scholar. Because he offended powerful people, he was demoted to Ganzhou as a general judge, which is equivalent to the position of staff adviser. He is an idle person. Although this man is brilliant, he has a bad habit of thinking that he is incompetent and arrogant. When he engraves his own works, he often engraves them next to people who are older than his official position, and chisels out the inscriptions of his predecessors to vent his dissatisfaction.
This will naturally be criticized by future generations. The central attraction of Tongtianyan Grottoes is Tongtianyan, which is a natural mountain wall.
Tongtianyan Scenic Area includes ancient stone carving area and modern leisure area. The ancient stone carving area is a scenic spot.
On Sunday afternoon, I visited Tongtianyan with several very good classmates.
As soon as I entered the gate of Tongtianyan, the first thing I saw was a beautiful waterfall flowing down from the mountain. It's spectacular and loud. It's really' flying over the eaves and walking over the walls, three thousands of feet, and it's suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days'! There is a pool under the waterfall, and the water here is clear enough to see the sand at the bottom of the pool; The pool water there is really clean, as clean as filtered drinking water; The pool water there is really beautiful, so beautiful that you can see thousands of blooming Bai Lianhua.
We started to attack the mountain and saw the most trees on the road. The trees there are very dense, and the road up the mountain is very dangerous. If there are no big trees on both sides, I wonder how many people will be injured in Tongtianyan!
Soon we reached the mountain. Standing at the foot of the mountain, we don't think the mountain is beautiful, but standing on the mountain, we think the scenery on the mountain is more beautiful than that at the foot of the mountain. Standing on the mountain overlooking the distance, it's so beautiful! The mountains are like yurts. At this time, I sat down with my classmates. Because I was so tired, I really wanted to sleep here tonight! We all share what we like. After eating, we continued to walk up the hill. We came to Guanyinyan. There are Guanyin, Tathagata and soldiers in the cave, some sitting, some lying, some squatting and some. ...
After visiting these scenic spots, we experienced the suspension bridge with our classmates. The suspension bridge there is really dangerous. There is a thick wire in the middle and two handles on both sides. The handle is also a thick wire man standing on it, wobbling and very dangerous.
Then we went down the mountain. On the way down the mountain, we almost got lost!
4. Composition about Tongtianyan Tongtianyan, the first cave in the south of the Yangtze River.
Located about 8 kilometers northwest of Ganzhou, there is a national 4A scenic spot-Tongtianyan, which is one of the eight famous scenic spots in ancient Ganzhou.
Walking into the Tongtianyan Gate, the first thing you see is the waterfall. I stood in front of the stage and watched the waterfall fall from a height, which not only reminded people of the poem "Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days". The waterfall falls from a height, as if to draw a thin water curtain on the rocks on the cliff. When the waterfall falls, it always makes a loud noise, as if playing a beautiful melody.
Climbing up the steps, we came to the bottom of a big stone wall, which stood in front of us like a monster. I found a hole in the stone wall with a lot of chaff in it, which reminds me of the legend that monks eat chaff. According to legend, in ancient times, this cave automatically leaked white rice. The abbot of Guangfu Temple told the secret to a young monk and told him to pick up rice every night. The little monk is greedy. He dug the cave with a chisel, but he was dumbfounded before he got happy. Where did the white rice come from? This is all nonsense.
Through a narrow passage, we came to the grottoes. I saw many portraits of people on the rock wall, some with weapons in their hands, as if they were going to kill people; Some pose as if they want to fight with others; Some bodies are at right angles, sitting there motionless, as if chanting; Others are fidgeting, as if something urgent has not been done ... The whole grotto is endless, reaching three or four kilometers, which may be the origin of Tongtianyan's claim to be the first grotto in the south of the Yangtze River.
After seeing the grottoes, we climbed the observation deck, the highest point of Tongtianyan. I couldn't wait to run up and look around, and I had a panoramic view of Ganzhou City. The first thing you see is the newly-built tall and harmonious bell tower and the extraordinary Ganzhou Bridge. Secondly, I saw the choppy Zhangjiang River and Gongjiang River, which tightly surrounded Ganzhou City like a jade belt. Once again, we see the Xiamen-Chengdu Expressway and the Ring Expressway extending from Ganzhou to other places. ...
After getting off the observation deck, we came all the way to the "no turning back" Yellow Bridge. The swing bridge consists of three steel cables and a net cover. Seen from a distance, it swings from side to side like a big green snake. A closer look, like a green ribbon swaying in the wind, connects the two mountains. After crossing the bridge, I feel very exciting, interesting and fun, but if I don't have enough courage and confidence, I can't get through. In the middle, the whole thing will make you tremble.
This is the first cave in the south of the Yangtze River-Tongtianyan. There are grottoes, thrilling bridges and many ancient legends that are wonders of the world. You can feast your eyes here.
5. The southern grottoes represent Feilai Peak next to Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou, which is the main scenic spot in Lingyin area and the scenic spot in Hangzhou. As the head of the Five Mountains of Zen Buddhism, the stone statue of Feilaifeng in Lingyin Temple is an important work in the southern grottoes of China. These statues carved on limestone went from the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms to the Ming Dynasty. Of the more than 470 statues, 335 are well preserved and precious. Feilaifeng stone carving is a rare artistic treasure of ancient grottoes in the south of the Yangtze River, which can be compared with Dazu stone carving in Chongqing. Su Dongpo once described the scenery here with the poem "Xi Mountain is everywhere, I love Lingyin Feilaifeng".
Tongtianyan Grottoes in Ganzhou are mainly composed of five caves: Guanyinyan, Forgotten Rock, Longhuyan, Tongtianyan and Cuiweiyan. On the cliff of Tongtianyan, eight statues of the Tang Dynasty are carved, which is the earliest work of Tongtianyan Grottoes. Look at this Guanyin statue with folded hands. She wore a crown, a plump face, drooping shoulders, a short collar, a crony waist and a lotus platform. Although it has been eroded by thousands of years of wind and rain, it is still vivid. Mr. Shen Congwen called it priceless. Su Bai, an expert from Chinese Academy of Sciences, wrote a poem after inspecting the statue of Tian Tongyan in 199 1: "Publish the statue of Bodhisattva early, make up the arhat late, establish the late Tang Dynasty, and reflect the Ganjiang River through the ages."