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〔2〕.
In the past six months, except for "Beixin", none of the periodicals I have read is complete: "Wangyuan", "New Life" [3], and "Shen Zhong" [4]. Even the Japanese "Sven" talks about Sinology, and there is "The Legend of Journey to the West" at the end. I wanted to compare it with the Romance, so it is very useful, but the second one is missing. The four volumes disappeared. As for "Yu Si", I didn't receive six issues of Tongzhi. Later, I got more from bookstores in the market. Only 1, 26 and 1, 43 were finally unavailable, and I still don't know the content. Exactly what it is.
Are these unavailable journals lost or confiscated? I thought it was both. Where was the confiscation made? Was it Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai or Guangzhou? I thought it was probably everywhere. As for the reason for confiscation, that is unknown.
What I know for sure is the following. One issue of "The Wilderness" was also detained, but this can be said because it contains translations of Russian works. At that time, just the word "Russian" was enough to be thrilling, and there was no time to take into account the time and content. However, Wei Congwu's "Junshan" [6] was also detained. Not only can this poem not be "red", it cannot be said to be "white" either. It is the same age as the author, "green", yet it was imprisoned in the post office. Mr. Li Jinming had already written to me, saying that he would give me "Collection of Fiery Fire" [7]. One copy was entrusted to the bookstore. I was afraid that they would forget it, so I sent another one myself. But it has been half a year and not one has arrived. I think nine out of ten cases were confiscated, because the fire was both "red" and "fierce", so of course it couldn't pass.
When issue 132 of "Yu Si" was mailed to me, it was about six weeks after publication. There were two large green characters written on the cover: "Detention", and there were also the seal of the inspection agency and seal. When I opened it and looked at it, there were "The Creation of the People", "Untitled", "Notes on Loneliness", "Spreading Coriander in the Garden", and "Su Manshu and His Friends", none of which looked like they were violating the rules. I read "Letter Zhaodeng", which talks about "love and death" and "love and death". It doesn't matter, I don't care about these things at the moment. There is only "Gossip Supplements". This issue is particularly small, with only two pieces. The first is about Japan, which is probably not illegal. The first one is about the letter telling about the brutal methods of the "Purge Party", which "YuSi" does not want to publish at the moment. Could it be because of this? But why doesn’t it work if you don’t log in? Incomprehensible. But why was it "detained" and then released? It’s also baffling.
I think the reason for this mystery lies in the inspection personnel.
Whenever something happens in China these days, the first thing to do is check the post and telecommunications. Some of the inspection personnel are group leaders or district leaders. I don’t think we need to talk to them much about essays, poems, etc. But even if you are a scholar, you still can’t explain it clearly, especially in so-called revolutionary places. I am used to the straightforward and refreshing revolutionary training, which lifts all the revolutionary spirit, like oil floating on the water, but does not take care of increasing nutrition. Therefore, in the past, if the cover of a publication had a picture of a worker holding a shovel or a pickaxe in his hand, and the text had the words "Revolution! Revolution!" "Down! Down! Down!", it was smooth sailing and considered good. Now I want to draw a young soldier holding a flag and riding on a horse, with the words "Strictly enforced! Strictly enforced!" [8] This way the common people are almost free from the crime. As for "sarcasm", "humor", "irony", "chat", etc., they are still completely out of place. From being incompatible with each other, to being confused, the result is inevitably a bit messy, and no one can understand it.
Another level is that if you check publications all day long, you will soon feel dizzy, disgusted, angry, and feel that publications are generally hateful—especially those that are difficult to understand—rather than strict and unstoppable. I remember that the books were not cut off, and I was one of the perpetrators. There was really no malicious intent at the time. Later, when I saw Mr. Fang Chuanzong's correspondence (see Chapter 129 of this edition of "Silk"), he actually said that people who want raw-edge binding are so abominable [9], and I felt full of injustice. But if you think about it carefully, Mr. Fang seems to be a librarian, so it is not surprising that he keeps cutting out the marginal books that he is not interested in, and finally gets angry and curses the marginal party. The same goes for inspectors. Over time, they will get angry. At first they may look at details, but later on they will inevitably find that "The Collection of Agni" is also scary and "Junshan" is also suspicious. There is only one safest way left: detain. .
Just two months ago, I saw in the newspaper that a certain post office had burned too many publications because they had no place to store them. I felt really heartbroken at that time, as if many of the books in it were mine. Alas! My "Fire Collection". My "Legend of Journey to the West". mine…….
I would also like to say a few complaints about rough edges. When I was participating in book printing in Beijing, I secretly decided on three small and insignificant reforms to try. First, the title of the book and the author's inscription on the front page break the symmetry; second, there are a few lines of blank space left before the first line of each article; third, there are rough edges. As a result, the first one has been restored to the style of the incense burner and candle holder; the second one has been restored to the shape of a censer and candlestick; when printing, the workers finally moved the first line of words to the edge of the paper and printed it with the words "quick as a thunderbolt". "means", making you irreparable; the third one was attacked first, and soon I surrendered conditionally.
Make an appointment with Boss Li [10]: I don’t care about anything else, it’s just my translation, I must stick to the rough edges to the end! But what happens now? The five or ten books my boss gave me are still rough. However, in the bookstore, I found "Wang" and the like, which had no "hairy" air and were smooth on all sides. At the end of the day, they will all be victorious outright. Therefore, it is completely unjust to say that I want to reform society, or that it is related to reforming society. I have already been lying on the bed smoking Cai Feng Brand.
Back to business. The publication is going to run into trouble for a while, and not only do I encounter censors, I am afraid that even as a young man studying, I will still be the same. As mentioned before, the writing in revolutionary places should be direct and straightforward, "Revolution! Revolution!" This is "revolutionary literature." I once saw an article published in a journal, and there was a postscript from the author saying that this article did not talk about revolution. I am sorry for the readers, I am sorry, I am sorry.
〔11〕But since the "purge of the party", besides this "straightforwardness", a kind of neurosis has been added. Naturally, the "fate" still needs to be revolutionized, but it should not be too revolutionary. Too revolutionary would be on the verge of going too far, and going too far would be close to destroying the Communist Party and turning it into a "counterrevolution." Therefore, the current "revolutionary literature" is between the stubborn counter-revolution and the anti-communist counter-revolution.
Then another problem arises, that is, how "revolutionary literature" can maintain its purity—authenticity—standing between these two dangers. This will inevitably lead to the need to prevent thoughts and words that are close to becoming red, as well as thoughts and words that are likely to become red in the future. For example, attacking the ethics and the vernacular would run the risk of becoming red. Because the communists ignore all old things, while vernacular began with "New Youth", and "New Youth" was created by Duxiu. When I saw the news today that the Ministry of Education in Beijing banned vernacular Chinese [12], I expected that there would be a few sentimental lines in "Yu Si", but I was really unmoved. I feel that even thoughts and words will be suffocated everywhere, and a few words of vernacular and black words will no longer matter.
So, how about talking about romance and women? Nope either. This is "not revolutionary". Although "not revolutionary" is innocent, it is wrong!
Now in the south, there is only a single wooden bridge of "revolutionary literature", so many foreign publications cannot pass, plop! thump! All fell down.
However, most of the state of quickness and nervousness still depends on the command of the command knife. But at this time, the tip of the knife was still waving wildly. Maybe it will be better once the direction is determined. However, it is only "better". The bones inside are probably nothing more than suffocation, because this is a congenital inheritance.
I happened to see a newspaper scolding Mr. Yu Dafu before, [13] saying that his article in "Flood" [14] was malicious and complimentary to Hankou. I went to buy "Flood" and read it. It just said that the old-style worship of a hero was no longer in line with modern trends, and I couldn't see any malicious intent. This proves that I have a sharp vision, and I am very different from today's young writers. Therefore, the inexplicable disappearance of "Yu Si" may be due to our own inexplicable reasons, and the above inspector's words are just hypothetical words of forgiveness.
As for issues after the 145th period, all of them were received here, and probably only those in Shanghai were detained. If he was really detained, I think it probably had nothing to do with Mr. Wu.
"Knock down...Knock down...Strictly handle...Strictly handle..." Although these words were written by his old man himself, there is some responsibility, but many of the actions were not his hands and feet. In China, all fierce people (this is a commonly used expression in Guangzhou, which can include celebrities, capable people, and wealthy people) have this kind of fate.
No matter what kind of person he is, once he becomes a fierce person, regardless of how "fierce" he is, I think there will always be a few people surrounding him, and he will be surrounded tightly. The result, internally, is that the fierce man gradually becomes mediocre and has a tendency to become almost a puppet.
On the outside, what others see is not the fierce man's true form, but the phantom that appears after the twists and turns of the besiegers. As for the illusion, it depends on whether the surrounding object is a prism, convex or concave. If we have the opportunity to accidentally walk close to a fierce man, we can see how the face and actions of the besiegers are different from those when dealing with other people. We see a fierce man's cronies outside, who are absurd and arrogant. It is easy to think that the fierce man loves such a person. As everyone knows, this is actually a big fallacy. What the fierce man saw was that he was delicate and honest, very cute, he almost stuttered when talking and blushed when talking. To be honest, even though he is a "sophisticated old man" who is not a sycophant, sometimes from the outside he feels that he is not bad at all.
But at the same time, random edicts and excessive flattery also occurred, and unlucky people, publications, plants, and minerals suffered disaster. But fierce people probably don’t know. Anyone who knows a little bit about Beijing’s history should still remember what happened when Yuan Shikai was emperor. If you want to read the daily newspaper, the besiegers will even print a special copy of the newspaper for him to read. All the people support it and the public opinion is unanimously in favor.
〔15〕It wasn’t until Cai Songpo〔16〕the Yunnan Uprising that he started eating more than 20 steamed buns without even realizing it. But the play has come to an end, and Duke Yuan's dragon has arrived as a guest in heaven.[17]
The besiegers left the fallen tree and went to find another new fierce man.
I once wanted to write a "New Theory of Encirclement", first describing the method of encirclement, and secondly discussing the reason why China will always follow the old path, which is encirclement, because although fierce men rise and fall, but The besiegers are always this group. According to the second update, if the fierce men can escape the siege, 50% of China will be saved. The end is the encirclement and escape method. ——However, I finally couldn’t think of a good method, so I didn’t dare to write this new theory yet.
Patriots and revolutionary young people should not think that I am too lazy to plan and only open a catalog without articles. I was thinking about it, and I once thought of two ways, but after thinking about it again and again, it was useless. First, it is for the fierce people to go out and see what is going on outside, without first "clearing the road" [18]. However, even if we are not "clear", when we encounter a fierce person, we will probably change our original situation first, and we will never see our true appearance again. Second, it is to connect with a wide variety of people and not be surrounded by a certain number of people. However, over time, a group of people finally emerged victorious, and the enveloping power of this final victor was the most powerful. In the final analysis, it was still the fate that existed in ancient times: the dragon controls the guests in the sky.
The world is still like a spiral. But "Yusi" particularly hit a snag this year in the South, as if it has found a new situation. What's the reason for this? I thought this was easy to answer.
"The revolution has not yet succeeded" is a common slogan here. But from my point of view, this seems to have become a modest statement. In the hearts of a large part of the people in the rear, "the revolution has been successful" or "is almost successful." Since we have succeeded or are close to success, and we are revolutionaries, that is, the masters of China, we certainly have the right and obligation to manage everything. Although publications are a trivial matter, they are naturally under supervision. It doesn't matter who has concerns about becoming red, but speaking of ominous words can be said to be quite close to the "counter-revolutionary" atmosphere. At the very least, it is very unpleasant. As for Yusi, if someone has a bad temper and refuses to join in the fun, he will inevitably disappear from time to time, especially for those who are young.
September 15th.
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[1] This article was originally published in the 154th issue of "Yusi" weekly on October 22, 1927.
〔2〕The 28th chapter of "Impressions" in the 147th issue of "Yu Si" (September 3, 1927) is "Glory" written by Qi Ming. The content is that the 141st issue of "Yusi" published an article "How is Wu Gong", criticizing Wu Zhihui for proposing to "purge the party" and massacre dissidents, so everyone was detained in South China from that issue on.
〔3〕"New Life" is a literary weekly, edited and published by Peking University's New Life Press. It was first published in December 1926 and lasted from October 1927 to the 21st issue.
〔4〕"Shen Zhong" Literary publication, edited by Shen Zhongshe. It was founded in Beijing in October 1925. It was initially a weekly magazine and published only ten issues. In August of the following year, it was changed to a semi-monthly publication. China Economic Times resumed publication from February 1934 until the 34th issue. The main authors include Lin Ruji, Feng Zhi, Chen Weimo, Chen Xianghe, Yang Hui, etc. This refers to the semi-monthly publication.
〔5〕"Sven" monthly, a Sinology magazine published in Japan, edited by Saku, first published in Tokyo in February 1919. The magazine has serialized "Journey to the West Zaju" (non-legend) since the first issue of the ninth volume in January 1927. "Journey to the West Zaju", the extant version of "Journey to the West" was written by Wu Changling in the Yuan Dynasty. It was actually written by Yang Na (alias Jingxian) in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties. It has six volumes. Our country has been lost for a long time. In 1926, the Library of the Imperial Household Ministry of Japan discovered and published Yang Donglai to comment on the edition.
[6] "Junshan" is a long poem written by Wei Congwu, published by Beijing Weiming Publishing House in March 1927.
〔7〕Li Jinming is a novelist from Xiangtan, Hunan. "Fire" is a collection of his short stories (without the word "collection" in the title), published by Shanghai Kaiming Bookstore in 1926.
〔8〕This is the third and fourth combined issue (April 3, 1927) of the anti-Japanese magazine "Do This" (ten-day issue) published by the so-called "Revolutionary Literature Society" in Guangzhou 10th) will be used in all subsequent issues.
[9] Fang Chuanzong’s correspondence on raw edge binding, published in the 129th issue of Yusi (April 30, 1927). Among them, it is said that for the author, raw edge binding is "a cover-up for the shallow content of the work", but for readers, "a book of more than 200 pages will suffer the loss of more than ten minutes of cutting", so he is opposed to raw edge binding. I learned from correspondence that he was a librarian at a school in Fujian.
〔10〕Boss Li refers to Li Xiaofeng, the host of Beixin Bookstore.
〔11〕Probably refers to the article "Dongfeng" signed by Xiazi published in the seventh and eighth issues of "Do This" (June 20, 1927). The author at the end of the article "Appendix" said:
"In this era of high revolutionary flames, the literature we long for is of course revolutionary literature, literature of the common people. My work "East Wind" is published in this revolutionary publication It is wrong...
I hope readers will correct me and forgive me."
[12] The Ministry of Education banned vernacular in September 1927, issued by the Ministry of Education of the Beiyang Government in Beijing. A ban on vernacular writing was issued, saying that the use of vernacular was "to order the spread of vulgarity and the loss of politeness", and ordered that "all Chinese language courses, no matter what lecture notes and textbooks are compiled, are no longer allowed to use vernacular style, in order to show uniformity and emphasize Chinese studies." .
〔13〕Yu Dafu’s article that was attacked by reactionary newspapers refers to his article “In the Direction” published in the 29th issue of the third volume of the fortnightly magazine “Flood” (April 8, 1927). On the way to conversion".
The main purpose of the article was to attack the "heroism of the feudal era" which he considered "the greatest danger that can destroy our present revolutionary movement (according to the first civil revolutionary war)". There is this paragraph in the article: "In the current world trend, we must know that it is absolutely impossible to instruct and use the people with just one or two heroes. Revolutionary leaders who truly understand current affairs , we should not leave the people at all, regard the people's interests as our interests, regard the people's enemies as our enemies, and obey the people's command in everything. If there are one or two heroes, they think this is a pedantic talk. Then just wait and see how long your personal dictatorial high-pressure policy can last." These words were naturally unfavorable to the counterrevolutionaries of Chiang Kai-shek at that time, so they were published in the seventh and eighth issues of the reactionary publication "Do This". The traitor Kong Shengyi's "Mr. Yu Dafu is gone!" "The article attacked: "I did not expect, I never expected that Mr. Yu Dafu's arguments were actually the arguments used by the Communist Party of China to attack our hard-working Comrade Chiang Kai-shek, what kind of heroism and high-pressure policy of personal dictatorship"; "Mr. Yu Dafu! Are you now a tool of the Communist Party, or do you want to go to Wuhan to get promoted and make a fortune as a special envoy to support the Communist Party?"
[14] "Flood" is one of the publications of the Creation Society. It was first published in Shanghai in August 1924.
It was originally a weekly magazine with only one issue published. It resumed publication in September 1925 and changed to a semi-monthly publication. It was published from December 1927 to the 36th issue and ceased publication.
〔15〕Yuan Shikai changed the Yuan Dynasty to "Hongxian" on January 1, 1916, and claimed to be the emperor of the "Chinese Empire". On March 22, the imperial system was abolished, and ***80 one day. Regarding his reading of specially printed newspapers, Ge Gongzhen's "History of Chinese Newspapers" quoted from "Hu'an Miscellaneous Notes": "Xiang Cheng (according to Yuan Shikai) read Shanghai newspapers in Beijing, and Liang Shiyi and Yuan Naikuan read them first. All messages and telegrams that contained opposition to the imperial system were printed with the words "Yi Yi Support", and a new edition was printed every day before submission. people. During the Revolution of 1911, he rose up in Kunming and served as governor of Yunnan. In December 1915, the "National Protection Army" was organized in Yunnan to attack Yuan Shikai. He later died of illness in Japan.
〔17〕Dragon Riding the Guest in the Sky In the feudal era, the death of the emperor was called "Dragon Riding the Guest in the Sky" (or Dragon Riding the Guest in the Sky), which means riding a dragon to the immortal. "Historical Records·Fengchan Book": "The Yellow Emperor collected copper from the mountain and cast the tripod at the foot of Jingshan Mountain. When the tripod was completed, a dragon hung down from its beard to welcome the Yellow Emperor. The Yellow Emperor rode up, and more than seventy people from the harem of ministers came from the top. The dragon came up. ."
[18] "Qingdao" In the feudal era, when emperors and officials came and went, they ordered the roads to be cleared and prohibited pedestrians, which was called "Qingdao".