Qingming Festival
Author: Du Mu years: Tang Dynasty
A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourner's heart is going to break on his way.
Ask local people where to buy wine? The shepherd boy just laughed and didn't answer Xingshan Village.
Appreciate:
The first sentence of the poem, "It rains in succession during the Qingming Festival", points out the natural conditions such as time and weather where the poet lives. Tomb-Sweeping Day is one of the major festivals in the Tang Dynasty. On this day, there are various activities, such as family reunion, grave sweeping, or outing. However, on that day in Tomb-Sweeping Day, Chizhou, where Du Mu lived, was not a sunny day, but "the sky was falling like crisp" and it was drizzling.
The second sentence "pedestrians on the road want to break their souls" is changed from objective writing to subjective writing, focusing on the poet's emotional world. He was heartbroken and sad when he saw passers-by mourning their dead relatives.
Excuse me, where is the restaurant? The poet was immersed in the scenery, extremely sad, but had to trudge in the rain. The rain is wet and the spring is chilly. The poet hopes to drown his sorrows by drinking. So he asked people for directions.
The conclusion of the sentence "the shepherd boy points to the apricot blossom village" points out the object of the poet's asking for directions in the previous sentence. The Shepherd's Guide to the Maze brings readers into a new realm different from the previous misery. The warm and sweet voice of the little shepherd boy, the apricot flowers in the distance, the noise of spring, and the wine flag fluttering at the head of the village. The first two sentences of the rhyme "There is another village in the dark" really create a sad and sad artistic picture. Consistent with the poet's emotional pulse. This poem describes the weather characteristics in Tomb-Sweeping Day and expresses the feelings and hopes of people who walk alone.
During the Qingming Festival, the weather is changeable, sometimes the spring is bright, the flowers are red and green, and sometimes it is drizzling. The first sentence "It rains in succession during the Qingming Festival" describes the characteristics of "throwing fire and rain" (the first two days in Tomb-Sweeping Day are cold days, and the old custom forbids fire for three days. This time is called "throwing fire rain"). The second sentence "pedestrians on the road want to break their souls" is about the mood of pedestrians. "Soul-breaking" refers to feelings that are very sad but not exposed. Why does this pedestrian "want to break his soul"? Because Tomb-Sweeping Day is a big festival in ancient China, as usual, families get together to pay homage to the grave or go for an outing. Now that pedestrians are traveling alone in strange places, the taste in their hearts is already bad. It happened that he was caught in another rain, his clothes were all wet, and his mood was even more sad.
How to dispel melancholy? Pedestrians will naturally think: it is best to find a hotel nearby to have a rest and shelter from the rain; Second, drink some wine to relieve the cold; More importantly, you can use wine to dispel the sadness in your heart. So he asked the way: "Excuse me, where is the restaurant?" Who did you ask? I didn't specify. The word "shepherd boy" in the last sentence "the shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village" is both the subject of this sentence and the object of the previous sentence. The shepherd boy's answer replaced words with actions. Pedestrians looked in the direction of his finger and saw a son (a symbol of ancient hotels) vaguely exposed in a treetop full of red apricots. This poem came to an abrupt end here. As for how happy pedestrians are when they hear this news, they are excited to catch up and find a hotel for a few drinks, so as to get satisfaction such as shelter from the rain, relieving the cold and eliminating worries. These are left to the reader to imagine. Due to the widespread spread of this poem, the word "Xinghua Village" became another name for this restaurant in later generations.
This day is Tomb-Sweeping Day. The poet Xiao Du happened to get caught in the rain during his trip. Qingming, although it is a season of blooming green flowers and bright spring, is also a period when the climate is prone to change, and sometimes even "windy and rainy". However, the rain in Mao Mao on this day is the kind of rain that "sounds like the crisp rain in the sky"-this is also the characteristic of spring rain. This song "After the Rain" conveys the sad and beautiful realm of "bleak and deceives flowers, and a dark willow blooms in another village"
This song "one after another" naturally describes the artistic conception of spring rain; But it's more than that. It also has a special function, that is, it actually describes the mood of travelers in the rain.
Look at the following sentence: "pedestrians on the road want to break their souls." A pedestrian is a person who travels away from home. So what is "broken soul"? In poetry, "soul" mainly refers to spiritual and emotional things. "Soul-breaking" is an attempt to describe the hidden feelings in the heart, which are very strong, but not clearly expressed outside. In ancient customs, Tomb-Sweeping Day is a big festival with rich colors and emotional appeal. It was supposed to be a family gathering, or a play, or a grave. Nowadays, pedestrians walk alone, feeling sad and complicated. It happened that I caught up with the rain in Mao Mao again, and my spring shirt was all wet, adding a layer of sadness. So the poet used the word "broken soul"; Otherwise, if it rains a little, it will be worth "breaking the soul". Isn't that reasonable? In this way, we can return to the word "one after another". People who used to travel on holidays already have a lot on their minds. In addition, they are scattered in the wind and rain, walking in the rain, making their mood more miserable. So they describe the spring rain in succession, but they can also describe emotions, and even describe the spring rain, that is, describe emotions. This is a unique skill in China's classical poetry, and it is also a kind of scenery, in which emotion is in the scene, and the scene is emotion.
The first two sentences explain the scene, and then write an idea that pedestrians think at this moment: where to find a small hotel. The matter is clear: find a small hotel, take a break from the rain, and then drink three cups to relieve the cold of people who are chilly in spring, warm their clothes wet by the rain, and most importantly, relax their worries. So, ask someone for directions.
Who did you ask for directions? The poet didn't tell us in the third sentence, but the wonderful thing is in the fourth sentence: "The shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village". Grammatically speaking, "shepherd boy" is the subject of this sentence, but it is also the object of the previous sentence "I'm sorry"-it complements both sides of the previous question and answer. Did the shepherd boy answer? We don't know, but taking "action" as an answer is more vivid and powerful than an answer. We watched the play Little Cowherd. When someone asked the shepherd boy for directions, he pointed with his hand and said, "Please follow my hand!" " It is to connect answers with actions-that is, to connect "music" with "pictures", both of which allow viewers to enjoy beauty at the same time; Nowadays, the poet's technique is simpler and more superb: he only gives the reader a "picture" and omits "music"-no, it contains "music". While appreciating the beautiful "picture" of the way, readers also hear the "music" of the answer. "Yao" literally means far. However, this meaning cannot be observed here. This finger has made us feel as if we saw the end of the red apricot, and clearly picked out a wine curtain-"wine hope." If it is really far away, it is difficult to have an artistic connection. If it is really in front of you, you will lose endless interest: beauty is not far away. In the Grand View Garden in A Dream of Red Mansions, there is a place named "Apricot Curtain in Sight" by Jingzi. The expression of "In Sight" comes from this experience, which is just a footnote for Du Lang's sentence. "Xinghua Village" is not necessarily the real village name, nor does it necessarily refer to restaurants. It is enough to point to this beautiful village in the depths of apricot blossoms. It goes without saying that there is a small hotel waiting to receive guests walking in the rain.
The poem only wrote "pointing to Xinghua Village" and then came to an abrupt end, and there was no more word. The rest, how happy pedestrians are when they hear the news, how to take a step forward, how to find a hotel with excitement, how to get shelter from the rain and the satisfaction of sadness ..., these, the poet can "ignore". He left all this to the reader's imagination, which opened up a much broader imagination space for the reader than the Chinese words in the poem showed. This is the inexhaustible nature of art.
This little poem, without any difficult words and allusions, is written in very popular language and has no trace of management. The syllables are very harmonious and complete, the scene is very fresh and vivid, and the realm is beautiful and interesting. Poetry is also natural in style and written in order. The first sentence explains the scene, environment and atmosphere, which is "on"; The second sentence is "Cheng", which describes the characters and shows their sad and confused mentality. The third sentence is "turn", but it also puts forward how to get rid of this mentality; This directly forced out the fourth sentence and became the highlight of the whole article-"he". In art, this is a technique from low to high, gradually rising, and the climax is at the end. The so-called climax is not an unobstructed view, but an intriguing aftertaste. These are the highlights of the poet and are worth learning and inheriting!