An outstanding representative of Russian romantic literature, the founder of realistic literature and the founder of modern standard Russian. His works are the literary reflection of Russian national consciousness and aristocratic revolutionary movement. The content of Pushkin's lyric poems is unprecedented in the history of Russian poetry, including To Chaadayev (18 18), Ode to Freedom (18 17) and To the Prisoner of Siberia (1827). Pushkin wrote 12 narrative poems in his life, the most important of which are ruslan and lyudmila in Captives of the Caucasus (1822) and Bronze Knight (1833). Pushkin's plays are few, and the most important one is the historical play Boris Godunov (1825). In addition, he also created the poetic novel yevgeni onegin (183 1), the prose novel Belgin Tales (183 1) and the novel Captain's Daughter (/kloc-0) It has created typical images with highly generalized significance: "redundant person", "money knight", "nobody" and the leader of the peasant movement. The presentation of these problems and the appearance of literary images have greatly promoted the progress of Russian social thought, helped to awaken the people and contributed to the development of Russian liberation movement.
Pushkin's excellent works have achieved a high degree of unity of content and form. His lyric poems are rich in content, profound in emotion, flexible in form, exquisite in structure and beautiful in rhythm. His essays and novels have concentrated plots, neat structures and vivid and concise descriptions. Pushkin's creation has an important influence on the development of Russian realistic literature and world literature, and is called "the beginning of all beginnings" by Gorky.
Ye Shengtao (1894 ~ 1988) is a modern writer, children's literature writer and educator. Formerly known as Shao Gou, the word Shengtao, the main pen names are Ye Tao, Shengtao and Guishan. People from Suzhou, Jiangsu. 1907 entered Suzhou Public No.1 Middle School and worked as a primary school teacher at1910 after graduation. 19 14 published more than 0 classical Chinese novels 10; 19 19 years to join the trendy society; 192 1 year participated in the establishment of literature research society. In the 1920s, collections of short stories such as Diaphragm, Fire, Offline, In the City, Never tire of reading and novel Ni Huanzhi were published one after another. Most of the early novels describe the gray life of intellectuals and ordinary citizens, such as Mr. Pan in trouble. Later, he turned to absorb major themes related to the struggle of the times, such as Night and Ni Huanzhi, which profoundly reflected the social reality before and after the first revolutionary civil war. His novels present a simple and calm artistic style. After the "September 18th Incident", he took an active part in patriotic anti-Japanese activities, published famous short stories such as "Thirty-five Wars", and his skills became more and more sophisticated. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he moved to Sichuan to work and live, mainly in prose and literary criticism. The main prose collections are Footsteps Collection, Live Not Tired, Give Up Collection, Ten Records, etc. His prose has simple feelings, meaningful meaning and clean language, and most of them have solid social content. Lotus root and shepherd's purse, a shower on May 30, morning glory, Spring Festival couplets and so on are all famous essays with their own characteristics.
Ye Shengtao is also a pioneer of China's modern fairy tale creation. The Scarecrow, a collection of fairy tales, shows the sufferings of the working people, but sometimes the atmosphere is low and sad. The Stone Statue of Ancient Heroes is a collection of later fairy tales, which shows the collective strength of people uniting against violence. His fairy tales are novel and unique in conception, exquisite and realistic in description and rich in realistic content. Lu Xun said that Ye Shengtao's Scarecrow opened up a creative road of his own for China's fairy tales.
Ye Shengtao has been teaching in middle schools and universities in Shanghai, Hangzhou and Beijing since 192 1. Started editing and publishing from 1923. He used to be the editor-in-chief of Commercial Press and Ming Kai Bookstore, editor-in-chief of Literature Weekly, Novel Monthly and Middle School Students, and found, trained and recommended writers such as Ba Jin, Ding Ling and Dai Wangshu. He also published many poems, comments and works, and edited dozens of Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he devoted himself to the leadership of culture and education, and served as the president of People's Education Publishing House, the vice minister of education, the curator of the Central Museum of Literature and History, and the vice chairman of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.