Era: Wei and Jin
Author: Tao Yuanming
Work: Return to the Garden and Fields
Content:
Shao There is no suitable vulgar charm, but nature loves hills and mountains.
I accidentally fell into the dust net and passed away for thirty years.
The tame birds miss the old forest, and the fish in the pond miss their old abyss.
Open up the wilderness in the south, stay humble and return to the countryside.
The square house covers more than ten acres and has eight or nine thatched houses.
The elms and willows are shaded behind the starlings, and the peach and plum blossoms are in front of the hall.
The distant village is warm and the smoke is lingering in the ruins.
Dogs bark in the deep alleys, and roosters crow at the top of the mulberry trees.
The courtyard is clean of dust and clutter, and the empty room has plenty of leisure.
After being in a cage for a long time, you can return to nature.
Interpretation:
One of Tao Yuanming's "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields", this is a famous pastoral poem written the year after the author resigned and returned to his hometown.
The poem begins by saying that when I was young, I did not have the character to adapt to the world, and I was born to love the scenery of nature. "Falling into the dust net by mistake" has a strong sense of self-blame and regret. Comparing the "dust net" to officialdom shows the poet's disdain and disgust for the dirty officialdom.
Both "fettered birds" and "pond fish" are animals that have lost their freedom. Tao Yuanming used them as self-metaphors to show that he missed the beautiful nature just like birds returning to the woods and fish returning to their old abyss. Nature, that is, regaining freedom. So how to maintain your livelihood? "Opening up the wilderness to the south" can make up for the mistakes of the past, and "return to the garden with dignity".
The following describes the tranquil, natural, quiet and pastoral scenery. Although Tao Yuanming had lived at the foot of Lushan Mountain since he was a child, and was very familiar with the hills and villages here, this time he broke away from the shackles of officialdom and returned to the free world forever from the dusty net of the fan cage, so he felt a special sense of joy and freshness. He looked back and forward, looking far and near. The square houses, thatched cottages, elms, willows, peaches and plums, villages, cooking smoke, and even the barking of dogs in the deep alleys and the crowing of mulberry trees and chickens were all real pastoral scenes, and all of them constituted the true interest in the poet's mind.
"Nuan Nuan", the distant view is blurred; "Yi Yi", light smoke curls up. In this diluted tranquility, a few crowing of cocks and barking of dogs are added, which further enhances the tranquility and tranquility of rural life.
The last four sentences describe the scenery and the heart. The "empty room" corresponds to the "house", which refers to both the idle and quiet room and the poet's leisurely state of mind. The last two sentences, "After being in a cage for a long time, I can return to nature" echo the beginning of the poem. The personality shown here is neither a hermit in a villa nor a farmer in the fields. The scholar-bureaucrats who resigned from office and retired to seclusion had a superior material life, while the farmers in the fields lacked Tao Yuanming's spiritual life. Therefore, Tao Yuanming was a poet and philosopher who could truly appreciate the beauty of nature and gain spiritual comfort from hard work.
"Returning to nature" is the central theme of this poem. It is the poet's ideal of life and the main theme of this set of pastoral poems.
Biography of the author:
Tao Yuanming (365-427), whose courtesy name was Yuanliang, was born in Chaisang, Xunyang (now part of Jiangxi). He once served as a minor official in some places. After serving as Peng Zeling for more than eighty days, he gave up his official position and went into seclusion. He was a great poet in ancient my country. His poems had high artistic achievements and had a wide impact on the development of Chinese poetry. There is "Collection of Mr. Jingjie".
Answer: Forgetting each other - Tongsheng Level 2-2 01:05
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Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields
Tao Yuanming
一
There is little customary charm, Nature loves mountains and hills. I accidentally fell into the dust net and passed away for thirty years. The birds in the pond are nostalgic for the old forest, and the fish in the pond are thinking about the old abyss. Open up the wilderness in the south, stay humble and return to the garden. The square house covers more than ten acres and has eight or nine thatched houses. The elms and willows shade the back eaves, and the peach and plum trees in front of the hall. Warm and distant village, the smoke in the ruins, dogs barking in the deep alleys, roosters crowing on the top of the mulberry trees, the courtyards are dust-free, and the empty rooms have plenty of leisure. After being in a cage for a long time, you can return to nature.
Two
There are few people and things in the wild, and there are few martingale in the back streets. In the daytime, the leaves are covered with thorns, and the empty room is empty of dust. At that time, in the middle of the ruins, people were walking around wearing grass. When we meet, there are no words, but the road is long. The days of mulberry and maize have been long, and the days of my soil have been broad. They are often afraid of frost and sleet, and they are scattered like grass.
Three
Beans are planted at the foot of the southern mountain. The grass is full of bean seedlings. I wake up in the morning to sort out the wasteland and filth, and return with a hoe in the moonlight. The road is narrow, the grass and trees are long, and the evening dew touches my clothes. It's not enough to regret the stain on your clothes, but your wishes are fulfilled.
Answer: Binggui - Trainee Magician Level 2 2-2 12:50
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Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields (Part 1)
Seldom has no vulgar charm, and his nature is to love hills and mountains.
I accidentally fell into the dust net and passed away for thirty years.
The tame birds miss the old forest, and the fish in the pond miss their old abyss.
Open up the wilderness in the south, stay humble and return to the countryside.
The square house covers more than ten acres and has eight or nine thatched houses.
The elms and willows shade the back eaves, and the peach and plum trees in front of the hall.
The distant village is warm and the smoke is lingering in the ruins.
Dogs bark in the deep alleys, and roosters crow at the top of the mulberry trees.
The courtyard is clean of dust and clutter, and the empty room has plenty of leisure.
After being in a cage for a long time, you can return to nature.
The poet described the natural and beautiful pastoral scenery and the quiet and simple farming life; he also expressed the happy mood of abandoning his official position and returning to nature. The whole article is integrated, showing the beauty of tranquility and harmony. In this harmonious beauty, people's souls can also be purified to a certain extent. Looking at the poet's writings, the pastoral scenery is beautiful and natural, and the poet wandering among it is indifferent, peaceful, and has noble aspirations. This feeling and scene constitute the highest interest of ancient Chinese pastoral poetry. ?
Su Shi once commented on Tao's poems: "The quality is solid and beautiful, and the fat is solid and plump." This means that Tao's poems are plain and straightforward in quality and do not emphasize literary color. In fact, they are beautiful in artistic conception and meaningful in poetry. The scenery in the poem, such as elms, willows, peaches and plums, thatched cottages, villages, cooking smoke, chickens and dogs, are all very common things in the countryside. However, when the poet wrote them in the poem, they are full of life, forming a tranquil and beautiful pastoral picture. The whole text has a lyrical and organic composition. This purely natural and uncarved artistic expression is also highly consistent with the plain style of the entire article.
Answer: Wu Shen dè Shun Peng √ - Trainee Magician Level 2 2-3 18:40
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Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields (Part 3)
Tao Yuanming's "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" has five poems in one *** , which is the third of them. On the surface, this poem is about the joy of pastoral labor and the idea of ??retreating to the mountains and forests; but comparing this poem with other poems, the author's "wish" actually has a special connotation.
At the foot of the southern mountain where beans are planted, there are few bean seedlings in the grass.
These two sentences are written about planting beans at the foot of Nanshan. The grass is lush but the bean seedlings are sparse. The sentence starts very plainly, like an old farmer standing there talking, which makes people feel very friendly.
In the morning, I clean up the wasteland and filth, and return with a hoe in the moonlight.
In order to prevent the bean fields from becoming barren, the poet went to the fields early in the morning and came back in the evening under the moonlight. Although it is very hard, he does not complain, which can be seen from the beautiful scenery of "Returning to Hoe with Moon Lotuses".
The road is narrow, the grass and trees are long, and the evening dew touches my clothes.
I don’t regret the stain on my clothes, but my wishes are fulfilled.
The road is narrow, the grass is long, and the dew stains your clothes, but what’s the pity if your clothes get wet? This sentence seems plain, but this plainness exactly reflects the last sentence, "But my wish will not go against me", which makes "My wish will not go against me" fully emphasized. The "wish" here also implies not to lose yourself in the dirty real world.
The language of this poem is very plain and natural. "Beans are planted at the foot of the southern mountain" and "Evening dew touches my clothes" are as simple as being spoken casually without any modification. This natural and plain verse is integrated into the mellow artistic conception of the whole poem, which elevates the spoken language to poetry, harmoniously unifying the plainness of the spoken language and the mellowness of the poetry, forming the plain and mellow artistic characteristics of Tao's poetry.
Tao's poems are both plain and full of interest. The interest of Tao's poems comes from freehand brushwork. "Returning from hoeing with a moon load", although the poet returning from labor is alone, he is accompanied by a bright moon. The poet under the moon carries a hoe on his shoulder and walks through the waist-deep grass. What a beautiful picture of returning to farming on a moonlit night! It is filled with the poet's joyful mood and pride of retreat.
"Growing beans at the foot of the southern mountain" is a plain sentence, and "returning with hoeing under the moonlight" is a beautiful sentence; the first sentence is true, and the second sentence is false.
The whole poem complements each other with plainness and beauty, real scene and virtual scene, soft and perfect