Allusions, there is nothing to say, you must read more and understand more. Usually, difficult allusions are given in the form of notes in the title to facilitate the answer. However, some simple allusions, such as cuckoo (cuckoo cries for blood), goddess (Wushan goddess) and peach blossom (Peach Blossom Garden), must be remembered by yourself, which is regarded as literary common sense.
Life experience, there is nothing to say, just know a few important poets, such as Li Bai and Du Fu, especially those who have experienced the decline of prosperous times and even the change of dynasties, and often write poems lamenting the decline of national fortune. Know a thing or two
Expression skills:
Contrast: the contrast between sadness and joy, the contrast between the past and the present, and even the contrast between color and shape in the description are easy to understand.
Emotion in the scene: express your feelings through the description of the scene, as long as you go back to the issue of image and artistic conception to understand. Almost omnipotent skills (if you think back to the poems you know, how many are without scenery description? ) I won't say much about this.
Set-off: It feels a bit like contrast, but the degree of contrast is not so strong. Feeling comparison appears more frequently in answers than comparison, so it is better to write comparison when you are uncertain. Foil is divided into front foil and side foil, so it will not be unfolded.
Symbol: express a spiritual quality with an object. For example, using fragrant grass to express noble quality (this technique is frequently used in Li Sao). But generally speaking, the frequency of appearing in the exam is very low. It is better to answer less.
Entrusting: Let's understand it together with the feelings in the scenery. Express ambition and feelings through object description. Sometimes it is used for personification.
Borrowing the past to satirize the present: this is usually a poem written by a poet who visits some historical sites and thinks of the great differences between the past and the present. Often use allusions, some allusions need to be understood.
Combination of reality and excess: also known as combination of reality and excess. To put it bluntly, in the same poem, there are both descriptions of realistic and immediate scenery and descriptions of imaginary things in my mind.
There are other techniques, such as metaphor, metaphor (super common), line drawing and so on.
To do this kind of questions, we must first understand the meaning of the whole poem, then taste the image and poetic eye, and finally understand the image through imagination. Of course, this is only a rough process, and it must be related to the actual topic. If you really have a little knowledge of the meaning of the poem, repeat the description in your own words, and sometimes you can "steal" the music back.