There is a big festival between the monarch and the minister, and the son is also human.
What happened before the threshold was broken, and the monument was built to die.
There is another way to survive, and chastity and whiteness complement each other.
"Patriotism and love.
Shang Jinglan, a poet in the early Qing Dynasty, was a charming poet who met people in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
The eldest daughter of Shang Shu, the official department of Ming Dynasty, was the wife of Qi Biao.
Be good at writing and painting, have both ability and political integrity.
16-year-old Shang Jinglan married the Qi family.
Her husband Qi Biaojia is the son of Qi Cheng, a famous bibliophile. He is an elegant man, whose official career has reached an early stage, and he is proficient in literature and ink academically.
The young couple are in perfect harmony in every way. Since they married their cousin Yiyou (1645), they have enjoyed a happy marriage for 255 years.
This harmony between the harp and the harp is admired by later scholars, who are called "golden couple".
The Qing army soon went south, and it was difficult to save half of the Ming Dynasty.
As a woman, Shang Jinglan was naturally concerned about her family, so when Chongzhen hanged himself in Beijing and the Qing army was eyeing the Central Plains, she repeatedly advised Qi Biaojia to resign, preferring the couple to stay at home and continue their beautiful life.
But in the Qing Dynasty, Qi Biaojia hired officials with book money. Under the pressure of various situations, Qi Biaojia finally sank into the pool in front of Meihua Pavilion in Yushan's residence on the fifth day of June, 1645.
Shang Jinglan's happy married life also came to an abrupt end because of this change.
With the death of Qi Biao's family and the demise of the Ming Dynasty, Shang Jinglan deeply realized the decline of the motherland and the grief of his partner's death, and often resorted to these feelings.
Poems such as Looking at thousands of miles of rivers and mountains for no reason, Smoke in the sky, Bitter Rain, What's the worry about leaning on the railing alone, Gan Kun always looks at leisure, Three boating in the Mid-Autumn Festival, Xiao Lai has no intention of wearing red clothes, leaning on a dangerous building and looking at his hometown alone, and Nine Songs reveal a feeling of desolation and nostalgia.
She wrote a famous mourning poem: praising Qi Biaojia's perseverance, which is an immortal feat.
The beginning of the second song "Mourning" reveals the sadness of bereavement.
In the widowed life of Shang Jing Lan for more than 30 years, she suffered many heavy blows: in the sixth year of Kangxi, she became a concubine (1662), and her third daughter Deqiong died; In the same year, the second son, Ban Sun, was released from Ningguta because he was involved in the case of Zhejiang Tonghai. Li Sun, the eldest son, died of depression; Ban Sun fled home three years later, but his hair was cut into a monk and he died in the twelfth year of Kangxi.
Tragedy and disaster happened one after another, so in 1676, Shang Jinglan in her later years, when reviewing her life experience, could not help sighing, "It's a pity that the widow came", Preface to Qin Lou Manuscripts.
After experiencing all kinds of misfortunes in life, Shang Jinglan's literary creation activities did not stop. Under her leadership, a female family creative group was formed.
According to "Jing Zhi Ju Shi Hua", (Qi) Gong Huai Sha's wife was only 42 years old that day.
He taught his second son, Sun Tzu and Ban Sun Tzu, three daughters, An Deyu, Deqiong and Dehuan, and his sons and daughters, Zhang Dehui and Zhu Derong.
Grape trees and peony flowers have been inscribed several times.
Those who pass by Mei Market will see Twelve Yao Station.
It can be seen that Shang Jinglan is quite happy with the prosperity of female literary activities in the aligned family.
It was Shang Jing Lan's conscious pursuit and guidance of literature that promoted her and her daughters-in-law's literary talents, and her fame spread far and wide, which was greatly appreciated by male poets at that time. Huang and other talented women who have been in Jiaxing for "negative ten years" have also visited their homes, chanting poems about peace and being cited as bosom friends.
Their family's poetry activities created an atmosphere of gathering and singing in the boudoir in the Qing Dynasty.
Among Shang Jinglan's poems that remain in the world, her "Regret for the Past" is the most concerned and praised by the world.
This poem has been repeatedly mentioned by critics and historians, and has become the representative work of Shang Jing Lan's poems.
The Mourning Poem is a poem written by Shang Jinglan in memory of her husband Qi Biaojia who died in Ming Dynasty. It's two five-character poems, which are as follows: First, I still love my life.
There is a big festival between the monarch and the minister, and the son is also human.
What happened before the threshold was broken, and the monument was built to die.
Although life and death are different, chastity and whiteness always complement each other.
Second, the phoenix scattered, and the piano broke the sound of the Chu River.
Since ancient times, sorrow has been Xun, and now Qu Ping is hanged.
A soap bag is hated for a hundred years, and a green Jane is once famous.
The game writing protocol is difficult to change, and the trombone will fall into the city.
In ancient China, the funeral culture has a long history.
However, since Pan Yue, "mourning poems" have mainly become the carrier for male literati to mourn their dead wives.
There are three mourning poems in the Western Jin Dynasty, Yuan Zhen's Mourning Poem, Su Shi's Ten Years of Life and Death, He Zhu's Partridge Sky and so on.
The soul-stirring power of the work comes from delicate emotions, from lingering nostalgia for the past, and more from the rare deep loyalty of men to their partners in feudal times.
The so-called mourning, in ancient times, specifically refers to the commemoration of the deceased wife, or as far as the wife is concerned, the status of ancient women is not as equal as that of men today, and they are bound by "women without talent are virtue". When her husband died, she only cried once, shed a few tears to show her sadness, and seldom mourned with poetry.
Although there were many talented women in ancient times, only Shang Jinglan's poem Qi Biao, a talented woman in the late Ming Dynasty, was the only exception.
The Book of Songs Tang is the source of a poem written by a woman to mourn her late husband and future generations.
Later, Cao Wei's wife wrote Widow Fu, Pei Yuxian in Tang Dynasty wrote Two Crying Husbands, Bo, a poetess in Ming Dynasty, wrote hundreds of mourning poems, and Shang Jinglan wrote Mourning, all of which showed deep thoughts and deep condolences for her dead husband.
There are many such cases among the lyricists.
Sun Daoyun, a poetess in Song Dynasty, was widowed at the age of 30. At the age of 40, she wrote a mourning poem "Drunk" to express her deep memory of her dead husband and pity for her declining beauty.
"Sighing yellow dust, burying jade for a long time, heartbroken and crying east wind" can be described as heartfelt words.
Li Qingzhao lost her husband in middle age. Later, he wrote a lot of poems, such as "Blowing Xiao people to Yulou, and who is heartbroken?"
A 10% discount is worth a lot of money, and no one gives it.
The Lonely Goose is full of widowed loneliness and missing her husband.
What's more, it's a woman who killed herself for her dead husband.
Liang's wife Wang,/kloc-died at the age of 0/6, and her parents-in-law advised her to remarry. She refused, cut off her ear and swore an oath, and wrote "Lian" and "Gu Yanshi" to express her undying love for her husband.
A famous prostitute in the Tang Dynasty was favored by Zhang Jianfeng, the minister. After her death, she hoped to live alone and wrote Three Poems of the Yanzilou to mourn her self-injury. Bai Juyi gave poems to mock her immortality, but she was come to a bad end.
In their deep sorrow, there are not only the influx of true feelings, but also the chastity of being loyal to the male master until death.
Under the absolute respect and attachment to men, ancient women did not have the survival significance and life value of independent self, and their literary activities were mostly caused by the incompleteness of marriage and family life, so "emotion is in the middle, form is in words".
Compared with men's creation, they do not pay attention to the deliberate management of poetry art, but only seek sincere telling and venting of inner feelings.
Ordinary women, talented women, officials' boudoir, prostitutes' Taoist priests and concubines' Gong 'e, although their identities and circumstances are different, are all women under the rule of male power, and they have the same feelings of "thinking" and "resentment" towards men who dominate their lives and destiny.
It runs through women's creation of various styles and identities, and has become the most common form of existence in China's ancient women's literature.
Female literati who learned to express their feelings in poetry also began to write mourning poems.
The Boudoir Thorn published by Sweeping Yeshan Bookstore points out that "there are many famous mourning poems, but few mourning poems for women".
Since women have written their own words, they have followed the method of writing mourning poems with male literati, which contains the bleak situation after leaving and the pursuit of the past life.
But Shang Jinglan doesn't write like this.
In the first part of the group poem, eight sentences are vigorous and four pairs are diametrically opposed.
There is no sadness, no lingering, no delicate memories of past lives, no description of the situation and mood after losing a lover, only a woman's self-awareness and survival choice, "the righteousness of monarch and minister" and "the love of children"
In the second part, although the author uses sad images, such as the lost phoenix and the broken piano, it is more traditional and upright, with the historical flavor of "green Jane, green blood" and "Xun and Qu Ping", and his feelings are still gloomy and implicit.
Mourning poems have always been graceful and restrained, so Shang Jinglan is an unconventional "uninhibited school".
However, this rebellion is not intentional, but a direct expression of women's hearts as upper-class intellectuals in feudal society.
It is conceivable that as a loving couple who take Qi Mei as an example and care for each other, how can Shang Jinglan not feel a surge of emotion when she writes the poem "Last Words" with her husband? It's just that this emotion has been filtered by his own knowledge and rationality when he appeals to the pen, which makes him more calm.
If we really want to understand the mourning poem of Jing Lan, the wife of Shang Dynasty, we must contact the original poem of Qigong's last words, so we might as well record it here: Last words 1: At this point in the world, we should die by ourselves.
Anyone who is obsessed with priorities is too selfish.
Try to see who else in the world today, and you can be greedy for life.
Life is greedy at dusk, and fame is swept away. You don't see much?
Although one died fifteen years ago and the other fifteen years later, they were all loyal ministers of Zhao.
A visionary is not profaning his own classics.
If I were a little Confucian, I only knew how to keep my festival.
I have leisure in my later years, and this book is a poem of good quality.
The sports meeting will be held in Yang Er No.9 Middle School, and your country will be broken.
Jiang Tao, fighting all over the country.
When I was born, the letter of appointment arrived.
A pledge is a minister, and there is no friendship between life and death.
Recover or sometimes, try to judge the situation.
Hard work is hard, hard work is easy.
I changed hands. I'm trying to keep it clean.
Loyalty should be the same for people in trouble.
Being at home is the world, and being a minister is useless.
Fortunately, if you don't insult your ancestors, you can count on your children.
Laugh at Jiuyuan, and leave the world with heroic spirit.
As a courtier of the Ming Dynasty, in the face of the imminent collapse of the Dynasty Building, Qi Gong resolutely chose to sink into the bottom of the lake in his back garden, and won immortal praise behind him.
Determined by his status as a scholar-bureaucrat, "Yu Jia has worn a tassel and I can't replace it."
Fortunately, if you don't insult your ancestors, you can count on your children.
"Said the strongest voice in his heart.
It is these two sentences that have become the direction that Mrs. Shang responded.
In Mrs. Shang's view, "the monarch and the minister have great festivals, and the son is also human." As a woman, in the late feudal period, when a large number of "chastity women" died of "festival", Shang Jinglan made her own voice with a mature insight into life:
In her view, whether it is the festival of the monarch and the minister, or the love of children; Whether it is the death of her husband or her own life, it is a kind of "chastity".
At this point, the values of loving couples have been highly unified here, and the semantic structure of Shang Jing Lan's poems has also been integrated at the end.
After Qi Gong's death, he wrote a song "He and Qi Shi Pei". In the second half, he wrote: "I have thought carefully that it is not easy to die sincerely.
It's too high, for one thing, it doesn't humiliate yourself, and for another, it doesn't lose its ambition.
Dead 15 years, it should be the same sooner or later.
I would rather be Tian Zichun than be replaced by a minister.
But you have to keep your hair and skin. Your family and country will never count.
There is no other world to lead a calf into Wu Xu. "
Shang Jinglan chose not to die because he could not die in vain. She wants to fulfill the mission and responsibility entrusted to her by her wife and mother's social roles, and fulfill the entrustment of "taking care of family affairs, educating children and grandchildren, and staying in the same family".
In her view, "children's affection" is the reason to support her to survive. In the preface to Qin Lou Manuscript written in her later years, she also emphasized this point: "Yiyou is old, Zhong Cheng is a martyr, and I dare not die, so both men and women are young."
Facts have proved that Mrs. Shang did accomplish this important mission-with her support, her son shed blood and regained sight; Under her leadership, her daughter-in-law chanted about life with poems, pinning the pain of her home country ... In fact, as Qi Gong said, "it's easy to be martyred".
It's a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, and it's already ripe.
Shang Jinglan, in the situation of her husband's death and children's difficulties, brought cold in suffering and sang about life. Everyone tells the world that death is more difficult and humiliating than life.
Whether dead or alive; They all showed their "true feelings and true colors" in front of the "touchstone from heaven" in their own way, showing the endless spirit of the Chinese nation.
Choosing to live in a forbearing but strong way and deal with all the hardships in life may be the great strength and wisdom in the universe.
In a word, Shang Jinglan's poem Mourning is a response to her husband Qi Biaojia's last words, an aristocratic woman's understanding of chastity and her commitment to life.
Shang Jinglan in the first part of Regret for the Past is an independent and wise person, while Shang Jinglan in the second part of Regret for the Past is an implicit and affectionate person. Shang Jinglan showed the world her truest and proudest charm in her mourning poems. She is like her favorite bright moon in the sky, bright and affectionate all night.
Regret for the Past is a watershed in Shang Jing Lan's life and poetry creation. Since the creation of this poem, her life has entered a new stage, and the content and style of her poems have also changed.
From the two levels of spiritual value and literary value, we see the significance of the poem "Regret for the Past".