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Definition of Prose Poetry
What is prose poetry? Although there are some differences between writers and scholars, the basic point is the same, that is, it is a lyric style with the characteristics of poetry and prose. In Xie Mian's words: "Prose poetry just takes off the shell of poetry, but what beats in the chest is a pure poetic heart." We can't help asking, since there are poems and essays, why are there prose poems? Human understanding: Because it can freely load more emotions and meanings than poetry and prose, it can freely, continuously and meticulously express complex and subtle inner life.
Therefore, when the above concepts are generally accepted by people, it is easy to produce such a misunderstanding in prose poems, that is, the author always tries to show more meaning in his works, so such prose poems are covered by too many meanings, which stifles the space for writers and readers to create again. Hegel is worried that people's excessive pursuit of literary meaning will make the demise of literature and art a reality, which is the famous "Hegel's problem". Yuwen Suoan, an American sinologist, especially praised Liu Xiaozhuo, a little-known poet in the Southern and Northern Dynasties of Liang Dynasty, for "the singer is partial to sunshine": "The flowers are beautiful, and the polarization powder is on Tianjin." Stop fanning the song and brush the dust back from the shadow. "This poem describes a singer who stood in the sun and sweated profusely and made a conscious move when singing for the guests, that is, she didn't use a fan as a prop to stop sweating, but used a fan to drive away the dust in the shadow column that would never be driven away. The poet has no intention to explore the meaning of this action, but only thinks it is beautiful. Beauty in the finals of girlhood is the original ecology of the natural flow of life. Therefore, Yu Wensuo 'an thinks that it "unabashedly praises the accident in life, a random moment without cause and effect, this kind of fun and beauty all the time." He also said, "Instead of discussing the so-called' major issues' seriously and repeatedly, it is better to find those things in the universe that accidentally escape the law of causality. They are both beautiful and novel. "
This kind of praise for "life accident" can be seen everywhere in Huang Min's prose poetry collection "Diary of Prose Poetry". For example, 256 "Wet": "No umbrella when it rains,/the emotional rain can't stop it. /My eyes are wet, my eyes are wet. /gardenias are in full bloom. /Gardenia blooms in the warmth. "
The scene presented in the poem can be seen almost by accident. Gardenia in the rain is like this. Isn't it the same with gardenias covered with dew in the morning? Similarly, can we not think of a casual glance in our daily life and see the gentle eyes of girls who are similar to it?
Qi Min's Autumn Cool is also such a masterpiece: "The grasshopper by the fence sang all night last night. Sing the brightness of the stream, sing the new moon and sing the fall of the stars. Why is this? Fruit after fruit, one after another, you don't breathe at all, as if you were in a hurry, as if you were afraid that something would be too late. " Yes, before the second watch, the dew on the tofu pudding is crystal clear-the autumn in the mountain village is quietly cool. "
What a good prose poem, it is so kind and natural, without affectation at all, as if there is no trace of seasonal rotation. No one can say for sure when summer and autumn will alternate. He screamed at the fence. Suddenly, when dew condensed on the bean curd, he felt that autumn was coming quietly.
Zhuangzi divided sounds into three categories: human voice, earth voice and nature. Lyman is the sound made by these instruments, such as bamboo and silk orchestral strings. "The earth shakes" is the sound that the wind blows out all kinds of large and small holes in nature. However, "Scorpio" is a completely natural sound, and it does not depend on any external force. He believes that no matter how good a person is, no matter how good the earth is, it must be restricted by "angering people", and nature is completely natural without any constraints. It is the most beautiful voice, and its artistic charm should be the highest realm pursued by prose poetry.
Excerpted from China First Ji Bolun Network.
Prose poetry is the fourth rebellion against the autocratic form of poetry in the history of China's poetry development. Throughout the history of China's poetry for thousands of years, the development of mainstream poetry has gone through four stages of epoch-making changes. The first stage is the precursor of meter, including The Book of Songs, Songs of the South, Yuefu Folk Songs and Antique. Chuci (including some fu) is a rebellion against the autocratic style of the four-character poems in The Book of Songs. The archaic style is the transition from poetry to quatrains and metrical poems. The second stage is "metrical style", including quatrains, metrical poems and verses. The only progress during the metrical period was from five characters to seven characters. The third stage is "metrical afterbody", including words, songs and couplets. The poetic style of long and short sentences such as Ci and Qu is the second rebellion against the autocratic poetic style such as quatrains and regular poems. Couplets are also a poetic style, a retro form of metrical poems, created by literati and spread among the people. The fourth stage is "free style", including rhyming new poems and blank new poems, lyric poems and prose poems. Free verse is the third rebellion against the formal autocracy of metrical poetry. It is worth noting that the rapid development of high technology in the 20th century had a great impact on culture. With the transformation from agricultural civilization to pre-industrial civilization, China culture has changed by leaps and bounds. The poetry movement, which has been at the forefront of culture, is getting higher and higher. Prose poetry, which flourished in the 1990s, rebelled against the autocratic poetic form of trivia for the fourth time with great momentum. A general feature of the four epoch-making changes in China's own poetry development is that poetry tends to be dull day by day, from stylistic experiment to text construction, from unique poetry form to grasping the essence of poetry, thus making poetry adapt to the needs of social development and people's lifestyle and reading mentality.
In the 1980s and 1990s, Chinese and Western cultures collided and blended, which was another peak after the May 4th New Culture Movement. It is in this cultural background that contemporary prose poetry flourishes. Although modern poetry is also developed under this cultural background, due to the influence of non-poetic factors, new poetry has gone from one extreme to the other, from over-emphasis on content to over-obsession with form, and from two dangerous peaks of rationality and irrationality, which has suffered a disastrous blow. Now the crisis is everywhere, and it has never recovered. Facing the new era, poetry has completely lost itself. Facing the shocking living reality, the resistance and adaptability of modern poets have faded, and the spirit of poetry has gradually lost. Many avant-garde poets have fallen into the pessimistic disillusionment of fatalism. The once famous avant-garde poetry magazine has stopped publishing several times under the new situation, and its business is bleak, but it still cannot attract subscribers by forcing a smile. The departure of readers and the internal disintegration of the poetry circle have plunged China's new poetry into a tragic situation of confusion and sadness. In this situation, prose poetry will undoubtedly gain profound enlightenment and development space. For the time being, I dare not say that prose poetry will replace the mainstream position of metrical poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and develop rapidly to a peak, just like "Ci" in the Song Dynasty. But it can be said that today's prose poetry, with its new look, new spirit and new vitality, has gradually built a brand-new banner on the ruins of rigid and chaotic poetry, gathering its brave victims and strong defenders.
Prose poetry faces great opportunities for development, but it also faces great competition and pressure. The first is the influence of social environment. The commercialized and hedonistic modern material civilization attracts people's souls like a powerful magnet, and gradually corrodes and alienates, leading to the loss of humanistic spirit and the decline of culture. Prose poetry is not immune. Second, the mainstream of literature can't turn to prose poetry. Novels are still the mainstream literature in China and the world for some time to come. Because of its special functions and popular culture, TV plays have become deformed bodies of material civilization and spiritual civilization, leading the spiritual consumption of China people. In this huge and fierce whirlpool, prose poetry is insignificant. Third, the construction of prose poetry itself needs to be strengthened. As far as the development of China's prose poetry is concerned, most prose poets still stay in the debate on the definition of prose poetry and the writing of "defining prose poetry" under various definitions; Prose poets have low self-awareness of prose poetry text experiment and self-confidence of those who dare to write prose poetry; There are not many specialized publications of prose poetry, and the living space depends entirely on invading pure poetry publications and prose publications, comprehensive literary publications and a large number of newspapers; Due to the limitation of funds, the activities of prose poetry organizations are few, and prose poets become stragglers; The theoretical research of prose poetry can't keep up with the pace of creation, and most theories even lag behind the practice of creation; Criticism of prose poetry works is not a climate; There are almost no awards and selection activities in the field of prose poetry. As far as 1997 National Literature Award (Lu Xun Literature Award and National Literature Award) is concerned, only one prose poem won the prize. Therefore, although prose poems are saved and have a certain momentum, they are weak and struggling after all Of course, it is not only the current situation of prose poetry that is worrying, but the whole serious culture of China is in a state of serious decline and transformation under the impact of the tide of commodity economy.
We should not be afraid to put all our eggs in one basket when developing prose poetry. You know, man is a monster because he has a capricious mind and consciousness. Once people are full of food and drink, all playthings are too tired to meet the empty spiritual needs, and prose poems that comfort and save their souls are what they get. Besides, it is impossible for most people in China to enter the stage of leisure and enjoyment imagined by some people. Survival and suffering are still the eternal themes of China people. Prose poetry reflects the indomitable spirit of China people to overcome their sufferings and destiny, which is its characteristic. St. John Perseus has a saying: "A mature civilization will never be destroyed in the pain of old age." The spirit of poetry will always exist, but there is a lack of poets looking for it. And prose poets will do it.
The survival and development of prose poetry requires prose poets to carry out a spiritual revolution, self-integration and blood transfusion. Our prose poets should consciously cultivate a "noble" spirit and a "brave" spirit, recast their own souls, cultivate a sense of responsibility, consciously think and practice the ultimate value of life, and establish their own unique spiritual personality. We are facing a social transition period and the "end of the century". The times have called for great writers and poets for a long time, but can we shoulder the mission entrusted by the times without cleaning ourselves up, saving ourselves, enriching ourselves, standing on our own feet and strengthening ourselves? Prose poetry is an elegant art, which is good at expressing people's mind and its infinite cosmic mysterious world. The elegance of prose poetry lies in its spiritual temperament, detached and noble, but kind and pure, motherly. The elegant choice of prose poetry: a great prose poet. Because elegant prose poems always dive into the problem of consciousness itself without fear, and continue to expand, deepen and become more and more refined with the evolution of human consciousness. The elegance of prose poetry is that it deals with life, my life. Therefore, some people say that prose poetry is an autobiographical spiritual record and an expression of all personalities, and it does make sense. It really makes life more complete and helps you find the direction you must continue to go.
Prose poetry should be contemporary and cosmopolitan. Modernity is to avoid the outdated theme, outdated skills, single language, lack of exploration and diversification of prose poetry creation. Prose poetry can't keep up with the development of poetry and novels for a period of time, which has a lot to do with it. Without paying attention to modernity and vanguard, prose poetry can only be used as a tail and become an accessory of prose and poetry. Of course, contemporariness must also be the contemporariness of content. During the May 4th Movement, Mr. Lu Xun's prose poems entered the "international market" and became one of the six largest prose poets in the world because of his timely and thorough grasp of the spirit of the times.
In the world, it is aimed at our regional and national characteristics. Regional characteristics and national cultural background are not only the wealth of prose poetry creation, but also the important source of prose poetry stagnation. Some people say that the more national things are, the more cosmopolitan they are. This is quite true. We must think deeply about how to make our regional and national things go global. Marx's One Hundred Years of Solitude is a national and regional thing, as is Tagore's Chittaglia, but both of them have won the highest literary awards in the world. The reason is that the former is a world masterpiece of "reappearing the historical and social picture of Latin America", while the latter is a "plant growing in national and folk soil", but it is "rich in aristocratic atmosphere and far-reaching inspiration" and has become a world cultural heritage. Nowadays, prose poetry lacks atmosphere and character, personality and strength, because our prose poets lack sincere understanding of life and life, lack of understanding of real life and grasp of the spirit of the times, lack of deeper thinking and high-level exploration, and lack of communication, collision and blending with the outside world. Prose poetry is a bit self-contained, that is, it lacks the spirit of pursuing cosmopolitanism, poetic imagination and thinking about big culture, thus narrowing the path of nationality and regionalism.
Pursuing the times and the world is an important measure for prose poetry to continue to develop, go global and create greater glories. The survival and development of prose poetry must also pay attention to diversity and lofty beauty. Only by allowing the diversification and coexistence of various styles and schools can prose poetry develop for a long time and prosper forever; Only by paying attention to noble beauty and providing spiritual space for human beings to live freely can prose poems produce excellent products. Prose poetry can not only reflect metaphysically from the height of human beings and the universe, but also go deep into real life, reflecting the fierce struggle between sincerity and hypocrisy, kindness and ugliness, loftiness and meanness; It can not only show fortitude and strong lofty spirit, but also express depressed and delicate sharp feelings. Prose poetry should first provide beautiful enjoyment than other styles. Prose poetry lacks beauty, emotion and thinking, and the flow and sublimation of human spirit. Prose poetry can not flourish, March into the 2 1 century, produce fine works, and undertake the mission entrusted by literature.
Excerpt from People's Daily Online
Definition of Prose Poetry in Dictionaries
The definitions of prose poems given by several dictionaries are as follows for reference only.
1986 "Prose Poetry" in "China Literature II" published by China Encyclopedia Publishing House;
"A modern lyric style with the characteristics of poetry and prose. It combines some characteristics of expressive poetry and descriptive prose. It belongs to poetry in essence, with poetic emotion and fantasy, giving readers aesthetic feeling and imagination, but retaining poetic prose details in content; There is prose in form, unlike poetry, but there is no lack of inherent musical beauty and rhythm. Prose poems generally express the author's small feelings on the basis of social and life background, and pay attention to describing the fluctuations and fragments of thoughts and feelings caused by objective life. These characteristics determine the richness of its theme and the short and flexible form. "
"Prose Poetry"1988 in China Dictionary of New Poetry published by Times Literature and Art Publishing House;
"A kind of poem. It has the characteristics of both prose and poetry, and is written in the form of prose. It is not bound by a fixed format, does not branch, does not rhyme, and does not require a distinct rhythm. Generally speaking, it is short in length, with refined poetic language, beautiful music and flexible and diverse prose expression. Lu Xun's Wild Grass is the first of modern prose poems (it should be "the first of modern prose poems in China"). In recent years, Selected Prose Poems of China and Selected Modern Prose Poems of China have been published.
1987 "Prose Poetry" in the Dictionary of Literary Creation Knowledge published by Changjiang Literature and Art Publishing House;
A literary genre with the characteristics of both poetry and lyric prose. Short space, strong feelings, distinct rhythm and poetic mood; But like prose, it is not arranged by lines, and whether there is rhythm or not, Yun Ke is scattered. Structurally, it is like poetry, with a certain leap, but it is like prose, with too many words, sentences and paragraphs. The language is meaningful, the form is flexible, the content is concentrated and intriguing, and the color expression of * * * is very strong. Gorky's Hai Yan and Lu Xun's Weeds are both excellent prose poems. "