There was once a parent who always said that his children were too stupid. A simple seven-character quatrain can't be recited for a long time. When adults get angry, children cry, but their backs are not good.
The author believes that children's problems are secondary, and the key is that parents have not mastered the method of teaching children to recite poems.
Situational teaching method is a common method in teaching. If parents master the situational teaching method and become a good tutor for their children, your children can become masters of reciting poems without memorizing them at all.
(A) What is the situational teaching method?
Situational teaching method is a teaching model which combines students' cognitive activities with emotional activities, which was developed by British applied linguists in the middle of last century. It means that in the teaching process, teachers create corresponding teaching situations and use language, objects, music, pictures and other forms to make students feel immersive, thus cultivating students' interest in learning and helping students better understand and master what they have learned.
Methodologically, it includes perception, understanding and deepening. As shown in the figure below.
Comenius, a Czech educator, said in On Great Education: "All knowledge begins with the senses." Psychologists believe that language acquisition is not based on word forms and grammatical rules, but on context and application. Therefore, situational teaching method conforms to this principle, starting with perception, then understanding what you have learned, and finally deepening.
(B) How to use situational teaching in reciting ancient poems?
The reason why ancient poems are difficult to recite is not that children have poor memory, nor that children are careless. The reason is that they can't really understand the meaning of poetry. If parents are divorced from the specific situation of each poem and simply let their children recite it, it will naturally have no effect.
Xu Yuanchong, a famous translator in China, put forward the theory of "three beauties" in poetry translation: beauty in meaning, beauty in sound and beauty in form.
The author thinks that China's ancient poems contain these three kinds of beauty: beauty of scenery, beauty of voice and beauty of emotion. If parents can take their children to discover these three kinds of "beauty" in ancient poetry in their lives, reciting poetry is not a burden for children, but a kind of enjoyment.
1. Let children feel the beauty of ancient poetry in their lives.
Most of China's ancient poems describe natural scenery. When you face the same natural scenery, you can connect with the ancients thousands of years ago. The happiness of ancient poetry at the moment when it blurts out is beyond words.
When you face the rivers, lakes and seas, Li Bai's poem "Sailing alone far across the sky, only the Yangtze River flows in the sky" will ring in your ear. This kind of beauty is a magnificent feeling;
Walking into a pool of Bitan Lake, you will think of Du Fu's poem "A fish comes out in the drizzle and a swallow leans in the breeze". This kind of beauty is leisurely and full of love for life.
Life is full of poems, even in ordinary scenes, there will be poems.
Therefore, parents should not let poetry be divorced from life, and never let their children recite a collection of poems. It is to walk into the scene of ancient poetry and lead children to discover poetry, to discover poetry in life and to appreciate the beauty of ancient poetry.
For example, when spring comes, you say to your child, "The wicker is so beautiful." Children's understanding of willow only stays on "willow is so beautiful". But if you sing a poem: "Jasper adorns the tree, and thousands of strands of moss hang down." I don't know who cut off the thin leaves. The spring breeze in February is like scissors. "Children's understanding of willow trees is different.
It is not necessary to let children understand the meaning of poetry, but to let children have a perceptual understanding through the language of poetry. The beautiful artistic conception of "February spring breeze is like scissors" is printed in the child's mind, and he gradually has a perceptual understanding.
For another example, when taking children for a walk at dusk, a group of birds flew by, which is a very poetic picture. At this time, you can link the ancient poem: "What did the ancients say? Sunset and lonely Qi Fei, autumn waters and sky are the same color. This scene is really beautiful! "
The child may not understand the meaning of this poem, but after establishing a perceptual knowledge, it is easy for him to remember it after reading it again, because mom and dad once said it while walking.
2. Let children feel the "sound beauty" of poetry in life.
Children are the easiest to accept lively and infectious things, and music is the most intuitive feeling.
The famous French writer romain rolland wrote in Dover, john cleese: "Music, you soothe my painful soul; Music, you restored my former tranquility, strengthened my joy and saw the light in your eyes. "
Poetry, poetry, poetry and song are inseparable. Ancient poetry is full of rhythm and sense of rhythm, and it is very musical, and children like it very much.
Parents can recall their childhood experiences. How much knowledge do you remember now? It may have been returned to the teacher long ago. The lyrics of songs sung as a child have not been forgotten for decades, because the intuitive form of songs is the most acceptable.
I often turn poems into songs and sing them with my children. The ancient poems are neat in sentence structure, concise in summary and rhyming at the end of the sentence, which sounds very pleasant. They are catchy and easier to remember when they are composed into songs.
Sometimes, I will let my children turn ancient poems into songs to sing. For example, the poem "Singing Goose" can be turned into two different songs. When singing, children have realized the fun brought by ancient poetry, and naturally remember poetry.
If parents are limited, they can also take their children to watch related animated children's songs. Many animated pictures are very strong and well-made, and children feel as if they are there. Appreciating cartoons repeatedly makes it easier to remember ancient poems.
3. Let children experience the "emotional beauty" of poetry in their lives.
China's classical poems have both natural beauty and human feelings, which have built a spiritual home for Chinese children.
For example, you can put down your mobile phone at night and spend some time on the balcony with your children to see the moon and stars in the sky. When I see a beautiful full moon, I will say that the moon is beautiful tonight. In ancient times, people used the moon to pin their thoughts on their loved ones. A great poet named Li Bai said: "Looking up, I found that it was moonlight, and then sinking, I suddenly remembered home."
Hearing this, the child soon remembered the poem. Then, when he comes home, we will look for poems related to the moon together. When he goes out for a walk again, in addition to "thinking of a quiet night", he can say a few words, such as "He knows that the dew will be frost tonight, and how bright the moonlight is at home!" And "the moon is already at sea at this time, and the horizon is * *".
Through this actual life scene, the child already knows the relevant intention of the moon. It turns out that the moon represents missing and reunion. Naturally, he can recite relevant poems.
When I see the stars, I will say, "Dangerous building 100 feet high, I can pick the stars with my hands. I dare not speak loudly for fear of scaring people. " Then tell the children stories about the gods in the sky, so that the children will be impressed.
When children eat and waste food, parents can teach them a song "Compassion for Farmers": "Weeding at noon, sweat drips down the soil. Who knows that the Chinese food on the plate is hard. "
Parents should explain by the way how farmers cultivate land, because the language of ancient poems is abstract and it is not easy for children to understand. On weekends, you can also take your children to the countryside to see how farmers farm and let him feel the hardships of labor.
Third, make good use of fragmented time, and there are poems everywhere in life.
There are poems everywhere in life. Make good use of the fragments in life, even if you only remember one poem a day, you will find that children can remember many poems after a long time.
On the road, in the car and in the park, these fragments of time are good scenes for children to read poetry.
In this way, children will integrate learning ancient poems into their lives, which will become an interesting thing, not a headache.
I won't force my child to recite the whole poem for the first time, but let him recite some wonderful poems in specific scenes first, and then let him read the whole poem, so that the difficulty of reciting the whole poem is much reduced.
In every bit of daily life, there are poetic seeds everywhere. Parents only need to water and fertilize this seed, and it will germinate naturally one day.