"Goat Tongguan Nostalgia" is a Sanqu work by Zhang, a writer in Yuan Dynasty. The original text is:
The peaks are like gathering, the waves are like anger, and the mountains and rivers are like Tongguan Road. Looking at the western capital, I hesitated.
Sad Qin and Han dynasties, ten thousand palaces have been made of earth. Xing, the people suffer; Death makes people suffer.
Translation:
Huashan peaks gather in Tongguan in the west, and the Yellow River is choppy. The Tongguan Ancient Road connects Huashan Mountain in Guankou with the Yellow River outside Guankou. Looking at West Chang 'an, I felt uneasy and deeply touched.
Sadly, after the ruins of the palaces in the Qin and Han Dynasties, the palaces in the former Qin Dynasty and Hanwu have disappeared, leaving only the depressions in front of them. When the country rises, it is the people who suffer; When the country is ruined, it is the people who suffer.
Extended data
Creative background:
The author Zhang is an honest official and loves the people like a son. In the second year of Tian Li (1329), due to the drought in Guanzhong, he was appointed as a relief worker in Shaanxi Province. During his life in the Western Qin Dynasty, he witnessed the profound disasters of the people, was filled with emotion and indignation, squandered all his wealth, tried his best to provide disaster relief, and finally died of overwork.
This poem was written by him when he passed through Tongguan on his way to his post, which triggered memories of ancient feelings and showed the author's concern and sympathy for the sufferings of the people.
Appreciate:
The first three sentences describe the grandeur and danger of Tongguan. When Zhang Yanghao passed through Tongguan, he saw the scene of "the peaks and mountains are like gathering, and the waves are like anger". This floor describes the scenery of Tongguan strongly and vividly.
The first sentence is about mountains and peaks, and there are many mountains around Tongguan. The word "ju" allows readers to see the trend of Huashan rushing in front of them and the shape of the mountain standing tall.
The second sentence is about the surging Yellow River, and the water of the Yellow River outside Tongguan is surging. The word "anger" makes readers' ears resound with endless running water. The third sentence says that the Xuanguan Pass is located in a cold place surrounded by mountains and the Yellow River. The majestic momentum of Tongguan, a dangerous place, implies that Tongguan has a steep terrain and is a battleground for military strategists in past dynasties, which also produces the following feelings.
In the fourth and fifth issues, the author looks at the ancient capital Chang 'an from afar, wandering around historical sites, and has a lot of thoughts, which is difficult to calm down. "Looking at the western capital, I am hesitant." The writer looked far away in Malaysia and was filled with emotion. The sixth and seventh sentences, "Sadness lies in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and the palaces of each dynasty are made of dirt", point out the reasons for infinite sadness. "The palace is completely destroyed" is a true portrayal of the process from prosperity to decline, which makes people "sad".
In the last four sentences, the chief screenwriter felt deeply: in history, no matter which dynasty, prosperity or extinction, people always suffered. The author points out that the rise and fall of dynasties have brought disaster and pain to the people. This is the author's conclusion from the history of the rise and fall of emperors in previous dynasties.
Baidu encyclopedia-Shanpo sheep Tongguan nostalgia