First unit
Unit problem solution
Seize every moment of life.
Vision and imagination are the wings of young life, and the other side of the mountain is an ode to dreams and persistence. Life needs dreams and persistent pursuit. Confucius once said a famous saying about learning and thinking: learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous. Dreams and pursuits are the same. It is melancholy not to pursue dreams, but it is dangerous to pursue dreams without dreams.
People will encounter all kinds of situations in their life, including sweetness and bitterness, laughter and tears. How to face the difficulties and setbacks in life, "take one step at a time" tells us that courage and strength are the most powerful weapons to overcome difficulties and setbacks.
Life is a thick book. Flowers, birds, grass and insects are all life. Respect all life and cherish everything you have, which is a compulsory course in life. Two texts of the same name, Life Life, are a tribute to life. Life is sometimes fragile, but the essence of life is endless. Reading Wisteria Falls allows us to appreciate another color of life, that is, beauty. All life is brilliant and beautiful, which needs our careful appreciation and care.
Childhood is the best time in my life, and childhood memories are always so sweet. "Childlike Fun" records some dreamlike childhood experiences, and the author enjoys himself in a small yard, which is a unique enjoyment of childhood. What was the color of our childhood?
This unit is the first unit to be promoted from primary school to junior middle school Chinese class. From primary school to junior high school, it is an important stage in the process of growth. After three years of junior high school, we will develop some useful qualities and concepts for life. I hope everyone can learn the text of this unit-respect life, be brave and kind, persevere, discover and appreciate the beauty in life, and always be full of enthusiasm and hope for life.
1 It's over the hill.
(Textbook pages 2-5)
Know the author
Wang Jiaxin: (1957—), a contemporary poet. "In his poems, there has always been a silent and firm traveler, which is the poet's other self." (Zhang's Poetic Standpoint) His representative works include Transformation and Pasternak (Pasternak, a famous writer in the former Soviet Union and a Nobel Prize in Literature winner from 65438 to 0958). ), "London Essays", etc.
Little by little creation
Beyond the Mountain is the poet's early work. As the poet himself said, this poem originated from his childhood experience. Childhood poets are full of strong curiosity and a secret vision and fantasy about the outside world. This strong childhood emotional experience has always influenced the poet's life. This poem is a chapter written by an adult poet for his childhood dream.
Text guide
one
When I was a child, I used to lie down by the window and think/-What's that over the hill? (ask questions. Ask a question to attract readers' attention. )
My mother told me: the sea. Answer your own questions. Asking and answering questions are common means in writing. Clever questions and answers can attract readers' attention and enrich the means of expression of the article, which is worth learning in writing. )
Oh, is that the sea beyond the mountain? (For a question of the whole poem, the whole poem is answering this question. )
So, with a secret wish ... the mountain beyond the mountain, with a livid face/gave me a fantasy zero! The other side of the mountain is not the sea, but the other side of the mountain is still a mountain. A negative answer, a sad mood, a merciless blow. "The mountain beyond the mountain, a livid face", personified, expressing a blow to one's young mind; "Give my fantasy a zero", figuratively speaking, a hundred points usually means perfection and affirmation, and a zero point usually means despair and negation. )
Mom, where is the sea? Question: Mom can't lie. So, did my eyes deceive me? At the same time, it also plays a role in connecting the two parts. )
two
Beyond the mountain, it is the sea! /is a sea of faith (echoing the previous part. Exclamation expresses a very positive tone, a positive answer, a happy mood to find the answer, a singing of pursuit and belief. )
Today, I didn't expect to wet my withered heart again and again ... Because of the support of faith, I will not "come back crying" no matter what difficulties I encounter. That's like a real man. )
Beyond the mountain, is it the sea? (repeatedly. Repeated reciting is a common technique in poetry, which can enhance the sense of rhythm of poetry. )
Yes! People, please believe ... light up your eyes in an instant ... (solve the problem and highlight the key points. Explain what "the sea of faith" means. The sea symbolizes the goal to be pursued. Everyone has his own pursuit, and everyone should pursue it unremittingly. With firm faith, people will always achieve their goals. )
Poetry is a bright pearl in literature. Its language is refined, its rhythm is distinct, its feelings are rich and its thoughts are profound. Because there are often hidden meanings in poetry besides literal meanings, we should give full play to our imagination and dig out the meaning behind poetry.
Image, rhythm, rhythm and artistic conception are several key words in poetry reading and creation. Let's talk about these new words separately.
"Image" refers to the specific things described in the poem, such as "mountain" and "sea" in this poem. An image often contains many emotions, and its meaning is often not unique. The "mountain" in this poem can refer to the mountain near the author's home, to the abstract difficulties and obstacles, and to the setbacks and failures encountered in life; The "sea" in this poem can refer to the real sea, the imaginary sea, the pursuit of goals and firm belief. This is that the so-called "symbol" is different from the general metaphor, and the symbol refers to the implied meaning of the image, which may have many different understandings. You can also have your own explanation, as long as you read and think, you can feel it, which is why poetry always gives different people different feelings.
Good poetry is generally catchy, relying on its "rhythm" and "rhythm". Ancient poetry is very strict about rhythm and prosody. Everyone recited many ancient poems, such as "there is such bright light at the foot of my bed, is there frost already?" . Looking up, I found that it was moonlight and sank back, and I suddenly remembered home, such as "the mountains cover the day and the sea drains the golden river" But you expand your vision by 300 miles and go up a flight of stairs. "All the words are neat, and the last word rhymes according to certain rules.". Such as "light", "frost" and "hometown", the vowel part has "ang"; Liu ","Lou "and vowels all have" ou "). Although modern poetry does not necessarily rhyme, a poem as a whole still has its own sense of rhythm and internal melody, otherwise it is not a good poem. This poem is divided into two parts, each part has three sections, which echo each other. You can carefully read some sentences pointed out in the Text Guide, such as "Mom, where is the sea?" On the other side of the mountain is the sea! ",is the place of echo, but also the place to express the rhythm of poetry. Generally speaking, this poem does not rhyme, but the last word of each sentence mostly uses nasal vowels (vowels ending in n or ng, such as an, ang, in, ing, en, eng, un, ong, etc. ), such as "Xiang", "Wang", "Ding", "Powder" and "Root". Rhythm and prosody are not easy to master. If students want to learn to write poetry, they should read more poems, especially aloud and emotionally, which will help them understand the rhythm and rhythm of poetry. As the saying goes, "read 300 Tang poems by heart, even if you can't write, you will recite them." "This is a fact.
"Artistic conception" refers to the meaning that a poem as a whole wants to express. It is normal that different people may have different understandings of the same poem. "For a thousand readers, there are a thousand Hamlets", that's what I mean. This is caused by different readers' different life experiences and cultivation levels. Of course, some people have reasonable understanding, while others have unreasonable understanding. There is a contrast between the two parts of this poem. The first part expresses a childhood fantasy, confusion and disappointment, which will always be encountered in the process of growing up; The second part is the focus of the whole poem, expressing that the poet has finally grown up, and the sign of growing up is that the poet has found an ocean of faith for himself. By comparing before and after, the poet wants to tell readers that life must first have a goal to pursue, but it is not enough to have a goal alone. Only by persistent pursuit can we truly achieve our goals and reach a new realm. Students, what do you say? Maybe you have a better idea. I hope you can write it down or tell it to everyone.
Extended reading
The same mountain, the same sea, but the two poems show different imagination and pursuit. In The Other Side of the Mountain, the child asked his mother, and in The Mountain Man, the child asked his father. Children in the mountains yearn for the outside world and have strong curiosity. Reading these two different but identical poems may bring you more feelings.
Shanmin Han Dong
When he was a child, he asked his father.
"What's that over there?"
Father said, "This is a mountain."
"What about over there?"
"Mountain. It is still a mountain. "
He was silent and looked into the distance.
This mountain made him so tired for the first time.
He thought he would never walk out of the mountains here.
The sea is there, but it is far away.
He can only live for decades.
So before he left there.
You will give up halfway.
Die in the mountains
He thinks he should take his wife with him.
His wife will give birth to a son.
When he died,
The son will grow up.
A son will also have a wife.
A son will have a son.
A son's son will have a son.
He doesn't want to anymore.
His son made him tired, too.
He's just sorry
His ancestors did not think like him.
Otherwise, it's his turn to see the sea.
(From Youth, No.8, 1982. )
Discuss and practice answer reference.
First, we can refer to the explanation of the symbolic meaning of "sea" and "mountain" in the text introduction and comments. Note that their meanings are not unique, and it is best to explain them in connection with what actually happens in life.
Second,
1. wishful thinking: wishful thinking originally has two meanings: thinking in a daze (verb); Unrealistic wishful thinking (noun). This refers to children's dreams. Childhood is an era full of dreams. Imagine that you can grow wings, imagine that the sun is a big birthday cake, and imagine that an elf lives in every flower. These can all be called wishful thinking. In wishful thinking, there are often some genius inventions, some good wishes, and some happy moods.
2. livid: livid, usually when people are angry, afraid or sick. The "mountain" with a livid face is an anthropomorphic statement, but it actually describes one's own mood: disappointment, pain and being hit. Everyone should have had this kind of mood, for example, the best friend neglected himself, for example, the favorite team lost, at this time you will feel that the sunny day turned cloudy, the original sweet song seemed to be crying, and the surrounding environment changed with your mood.
3. temptation: attraction. Attraction is attraction. The attraction of the top of the mountain is that climbing to every top makes me feel that maybe I can see the sea beyond the mountain, which is my motivation to climb the mountain and the source of my belief. You can think about what attracts you most, whether it's traveling, Chinese New Year, getting full marks, or something we can't think of.
4. dry: it can also be said to be "dry" and there is no water. Such as dried flowers, dried rivers, dried skins and so on. Dry head is a very vivid statement. Without water in the mind, it means that one loses imagination and creativity. The language of poetry is generally vivid and can leave a lot of room for imagination. You can think again, what else can we describe as "withering"?
Third,
Example 1: (Excerpted from Bing Xin's Children Who Love the Sea)
The sea is moving and the mountains are still; The sea is lively and the mountains are dull. When the sky is quiet, the weather is hot, staring at the green hills, dark and motionless, like a sick cow. And the sea, you see, she has never stood still for a moment! From the horizon, the microwave waves rolled straight to the shore, met the cliff stone, jumped up with more joy and blossomed thousands of silver flowers!
Example 2: (Excerpted from Gorky's Haiyan)
Dark clouds are getting darker and lower, pressing against the sea, and the waves are singing and rushing into the air to meet the thunder. Thunder rumbles, waves roar in angry water droplets, and contend with the wind. You see, the wind tightly picked up a pile of huge waves and threw them on the cliff, smashing this big piece of jade into dust and foam.
Read and write annotation references.
Fantasy: See Exercise 2. Contrast: "wishful thinking" also includes the words "delusion" and "thinking", which describe a person who is always thinking about the impossible, but when used in a bad place, it contains derogatory meanings.
Secret: adjectives that are difficult to see or find, such as secret places, secret things, and secret wishes. Comparison: hide (verb), hiding in a place that is not easy to find; Secret (noun or adjective), I have a secret, secret place.
Tieqing: See Exercise 2. Contrast: the word formation methods of snow, blood red, dark color, sky blue and dark green are all the same, but the usage of "Tieqing" is quite special. We can say "livid face", but we can't say "white face" or "red face".
Condensation: níng, pay attention to distinguish it from the pronunciation of "one". "condensation" can be composed of words such as "condensation, solidification, condensation, condensation", which originally refers to natural phenomena such as "water vapor condenses into water droplets" In this paper, "the sea of faith" is an abstract usage, and similar expressions can include "the hope of eyes" and "the sea of love".
Temptation: See Exercise 2. Common collocations are "full of temptation, tempting us" and so on.
Noisy: there is a lot of noise. Describe the noise as loud and chaotic. Compared with "noisy" and "noisy", it is generally used in a more positive place. For example, "A lot of people on the construction site" shows the scene of workers actively working, and "Hearing the news of the spring outing, the classroom is full of people" shows the happiness and excitement of students.
Instantaneous: describes a very short time. Similar sayings are "in the blink of an eye", "in the blink of an eye" and "in an instant".