Li Gang, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said in the preface to Du Gongbu Collection: "From the heyday of Kaiyuan Tianbao to the German calendar and the war, there were more than 1,440 articles, which were loyal and honest, difficult to travel, sad and boring." Du Fu is a poet who cares about the country and the people, sympathizes with ordinary people, and always cares about the country and the people during his exile. There is also Li Bai, and there is Du Fu's "Song of Drinking Eight Immortals", among which four poems are extremely about Li Bai's wild and uninhibited romantic spirit. "Li Bai has a hundred poems and is buried in a restaurant in Chang 'an. The son of heaven called the boat and called the minister Brewmaster. "He is a poet who is full of self-confidence, liberates his personality and pursues dripping fun in a frank life. Therefore, whether writing, poetry, song, and more importantly, being a man, Li Bai and Du Fu can be regarded as two trains on the road, and it is difficult to get together.
However, from 744 to 745, the trajectory of these two poets had a short transition.
In the third year of Tianbao (744), Li Bai and Du Fu met for the first time and met and interacted in Luoyang, the eastern capital. Two years ago, Li Bai was called into Beijing by the imperial court. When he first arrived in Chang 'an, he met He and was very popular. In order to congratulate him on his fame, he was recommended to the emperor and his worth doubled. Xuanzong "stepped down to meet the king, like seeing Qi Hao", was named the Hanlin, which was intended to be used. The literary star suddenly became a political star, and for a time, "the princes and adults care for each other, and the gold and purple ribbons go hand in hand." Our great poet, "drinking 300 cups in the middle of the night and paying 2,000 stones in the Ming Dynasty", is very busy. I think it is inevitable for Du Fu, who came to Beijing to make a living, that young literary writers and new writers come to Beijing today. They should pay high tribute to those literary celebrities, critics, publishing giants and editors. I will naturally find ways to worship Li Bai.
Li Bai, who is bent on restoring the royal family and is interested in territory, doesn't want to be just a royal scholar who makes the emperor happy. He had a problem with Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. As long as he writes poetry, he is not expected to interfere in politics. The poet was very excited, made a resignation report and asked to return to the mountains. At that time, Du Fu, who failed in the imperial examination, couldn't be an official, just like a drifter in Beijing. In Chang 'an and Luoyang, he lived by his poetic name, his talent, and his simplicity as a native of Henan, either worshiping dignitaries, working for the yamen, doing odd jobs, or selling medicines. Therefore, Li Bai, who is similar to an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences or a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, can put down his body and associate with Du Fu. To some extent, he is flattering him. Du Fu is very serious and naturally understandable, while Li Bai is not so serious and seems to be understandable.
Although Li Bai doesn't pay much attention to this young poet who is ten years younger than him, but "New Tang Book"? Du Fu said, "Fu Shao is as famous as Li Bai, and the time number is Du Li". I don't know to what extent this situation has affected the mood of academicians to be summoned. Generally speaking, a literary strongman is more open-minded to opponents who are relatively weaker than him, but he is usually wary of opponents who are evenly matched and have absolute age advantage. It may not be obvious on the surface, but in his mind, this alert posture will exist. Regarding the relationship between Li Bai and Du Fu, many theorists think that they know each other very well. These superficial words seem to have some credibility.
Because, literati get along with literati, not more harmonious than wolves get along with wolves. I mean the most hidden and particularly competitive aspect of the soul.
In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Li Bai's report was approved by Li Longji. It should be said that Tang Xuanzong still appreciates Li Bai, and he does not have to be reused. But he couldn't control the luck around him and the beautiful scenery beside his pillow, so he had to "send money back" and let the poet leave Chang 'an with dignity and walk all the way to the east. Du Fu happened to visit relatives and came to Qilu. As it happens, the two poets met again in Yanzhou, Shandong Province.
Maybe a person who encounters setbacks is easy to be realistic, or maybe a person who encounters misfortune cares about the sympathy of others. Li Bai, who is flamboyant in nature, was kicked out of Chang 'an, and no amount of severance pay could appease his extremely self-respecting and humiliated heart. Lost Du Fu's attentions, "Hou Li Jin Guiyan, stay away from things. There is also a trip to Liang and Song Dynasties, which is a rare warmth of this ancient city, so he has more exchanges with Du Fu.
Du Fu, then thirty-four years old, admired Li Bai, who was ten years older than him. They stopped at each other, sang to each other, drank to each other, and were intoxicated with each other, which seemed to leave an unforgettable memory for Du Fu. At that time, another poet Gao Shi was with them. Later, in his poems, Du Fu always mentioned the pleasant experience of this trip to Qilu, which was unforgettable, such as "standing late before going to the single father", "recalling the generation, talking about making wine" and "drunken dancing in the garden night, singing in spring". In short, Du Fu, who only had two contacts in just three years, admired his talent, obeyed his poems, admired his natural and unrestrained, and sympathized with his experience, involving Li Bai's poems:
"To Li Bai" ("Qiu Lai cares about her, still floating")
"To Li Bai" ("Two-year Guest in Tokyo")
Living in seclusion with Li shierxun
"Send Kong Chao's father to visit Jiangdong to present Li Bai"
Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking
Li Bai is pregnant in winter.
Li Bai's Memories in Spring
Li Bai's two dreams
To Li Bai at the end of the sky.
Send Li twelve white and twenty rhymes
not understand
Su Duan Fu Xue's brief remarks on Xue Hua's drunken songs
Yesterday's tour
Send to the bosom.
Fourteen poems.
Although, the number of works does not determine the depth of their friendship, but-
His praise of Li Bai's poems: "Hou Li has a good sentence, which is often like a silver pit." "White is invincible, thinking in vain." "A thousand agile poems are lost in a glass of wine."
An Shi Rebellion broke out in 755 AD. Lin li, the sixteenth son of Xuanzong, recruited soldiers and sent troops to the East under the banner of Jingnan. In fact, he took the opportunity to expand his territory and wanted to be emperor in troubled times. When the soldiers crossed Jiujiang, they met Li Bai, a self-help traveler, and thought his brand could be used, so they recruited him as their staff officer. Li Bai, who was untimely, thought that he finally had a place to use, and he agreed at random, so he was involved in the whirlpool of imperial power struggle. With the accession to the throne of Emperor Xuanzong's three Jpua forces and the restoration of state order by authentic government forces, Li Lin, a "fake and shoddy", was defeated and killed, and Li Bai's dream of going into politics went bankrupt again, and he was arrested for treason. I was going to halve it. I was sentenced to exile because Guo Ziyi put in a good word for Li Bai in front of Tang Suzong. Others miss Li Bai, such as Du Fu. Du Fu wrote several poems because he heard that Li Bai had exiled Yelang. what can I do? Poets can only comfort other poets by writing poems, but also comfort themselves who are tortured by thoughts.
I don't know how long it took Li Bai to exile Yelang before it reached Du Fu's ears, but he must have dreamed of Li Bai that night. Write "Two Dreams of Li Bai" after waking up. "When death is the reason for parting, people will cry, but life leaves again and again. You didn't bring me any signs of exile in the poisonous humidity of the southern river. Until you appeared in my dream last night, because I have been thinking about you. However, how can you raise your wings and use them from the middle net of your net? ? I doubt it's really you, venturing a long way. ……"
Yelang is far from Li Bai. He is full of worries about Li Bai's good fortune, life and death, and even the meeting in his dream is saturated with the pain of where you will go. "The clouds that have been floating in the sky all day may be like a wanderer and never come back. I see you in my dreams every night, and you know what you mean to me. ……"
Writing, Du Fu, who has always been gentle, couldn't help complaining about Li Bai's misfortune: "Our capital is full of nosy people, but you are lonely, helpless and poor. Who said that Skynet is not bad and brings you bad luck? You are old, with a reputation of 1000 years and a reputation of 10,000 years, what is good? When you die, you leave. "
Chang 'an, with huge traffic, can't accommodate a poet. Can we only go to the marginalized Yelang to find a burial place? Aren't you afraid that future generations will laugh at our times? You know, this exiled poet, like Qu Yuan, although bumpy before his death, will certainly have a much more lasting honor than those fast-decaying dignitaries in Chang 'an after his death.
Does Li Bai know that Du Fu is thinking about him? Du Fu also pinned a sad heart on the bright moon, hoping that it could accompany an old friend in need all the way to Yelangxi, and it was constantly involved. The mutual appreciation and friendship between poets is conveyed by breeze and floating clouds, which makes a troubled history of poetry exude a strong human touch.
Li Bai was supposed to report Yelang, and went to the land via Sichuan. On the way, it was probably in Wushan, a dreamlike mountain. It is reported that Tang Suzong exiled Li Bai in order to pardon him. Li Bai, who thought he was on the road of no return, was free, and his heart was really bittersweet. He quickly disembarked from Baidicheng to Jiangling, visited his grieving wife at his father-in-law's house, and comforted her that her husband who had survived the disaster was back and there would be happiness after the disaster. There is a kind of relief in the song "Morning Delivery from Bai Di City" sung on the boat, which goes down the river briskly: "Don't say goodbye to Bai Di, Jiangling can return in one day. The apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and the canoe has passed Chung Shan Man. " The name Yelang is like a mountain in Li Bai's mind these days. I didn't expect it to open easily-like the peak of Mount Tai, I made a face and flew away. Fate is really like a prank.
Li Bai, who had a narrow escape, forgot the pain before his injury healed, imagining that the court could forget the past and use him. "Jiangxia gives Ling Bing from Wei Nanling" praised the New Deal with a personal letter: "The new law of heaven and earth is wide, and the yelang moves the frost and cold." Do you expect to be introduced to the emperor by officials at all levels? Now we have entered a new era in which heroes can be used. Don't forget that I, a surviving poet, have nothing to do. Let me know where you need it. I spent some time in Jiangxia, looking for a job everywhere, and there was no result. Li Bai felt that he could not wait any longer, so he went to Hunan to try his luck.
When they met in Yueyang City, Ye Li, an uncle of Lingnan, was demoted by assistant minister of punishments. Two people who were frustrated in officialdom traveled to Dongting Lake together, or just drank to drown their sorrows. Li wrote many poems after baijiu, such as "rowing Junshan Mountain is good, paving Xiang Water." Baling wine drink is not enough, together drunk in the autumn of Dongting lake. "It's not just a drunken killing, it's a sad killing. Li Bai can't wait to fucking level all the mountains that stand in the way. Another example is "South Lake is smokeless in autumn waters, can it ride straight into the sky? "Yelang don't have to go, changan can't go back. Li Baixin was unwilling, but he could do nothing.
Yelang's exile really frightened Li Bai. Although he survived, he was very angry. He is not only looking at Junshan, but also thinking about himself. He was really wronged for most of his life. It's not interesting enough to pour wine into your heart, so you have to write poems to vent your grievances. After this ordeal, Li Bai's poetic style really matured. From time to time, there is still a little "guilty" or unshakable attitude. Li Bai finally became the real Li Bai.