With the independence of Brazil in 1822, literature began a new period, that is, the period of national literature. Under the influence of European literature, romantic works began to appear. Brazilian Romantic literature obviously drew nourishment from Indian folk literature, especially folk poetry, and has its own characteristics. Domingos José Goncalves de Magalhaes (1811-1882) began the transition from classicism to romanticism. His first "Collected Poems" published in 1832 was a typical classic work, but four years later, in "Poetic Sighs and Longings", he showed a romantic style.