The first is the understanding of the words in poetry and the excavation of the connotation of poetry.
The second is to grasp the image in poetry, especially the appreciation of the lyric hero image in poetry.
The third is to judge the style of poetry and identify the style of poetry genre.
The fourth is the study of the artistic skills of poetry.
The fifth is the understanding of the theme of poetry.
Starting from the above five points, briefly describe the matters needing attention in answering questions:
First, the language of poetry is highly concentrated, and the understanding of poetry words is equivalent to the translation of classical Chinese, but not completely equivalent to the translation of classical Chinese. In particular, it should be noted that the translation of disyllabic words must be completed on the premise of a thorough understanding of the whole poetic context, and it is absolutely impossible to reason from words. The additional semantics of some words (emotional color, contextual semantics) should be considered in combination with the poetic context. To understand the poem, we should start with the whole poem, see whether it is scenery or lyric, whether it is true or imaginary, whether it is profound and philosophical, or whether it is straightforward and popular, and then make a correct explanation.
To appreciate poetry, we should pay attention to the poet's choice of words and sentences, the mutual contrast and contrast between motion and stillness, sound and stillness, emotion and reason in the description of objects, and the rhetorical color of inverted word order. Poetry is the art of language. A concrete and in-depth exploration of the language expression of the work is helpful to accurately grasp the conception, thoughts and feelings of the work and enter the artistic conception of the work. Another example is the clever use of verbs "Zhao", "Liu", "Ghost" and "Xia" in his poem "Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains". The persistence of these verbs, whether long or short, makes us feel that Yueguang Guan gushes, the clear spring gushes, women are from far to near, and Lian Fang is from near to far.
Language features: (1) fresh. Its characteristics are novel language and unconventional. ② Plain, also known as plain. It is characterized by choosing exact words to state directly, or using simple drawings without modification, which is true, profound and approachable. (3) gorgeous. It is characterized by rich rhetoric, gorgeous literary talent and fantastic feelings. (4) lively. It is characterized by firmness and decisiveness. (5) Recessive. Its characteristic is that the intention is beyond the words, often not directly described, but tortuous, telling him this, or quoting without sending it, or trying to say it for readers to appreciate. (6) simplicity. Simple and clear.
Second, to grasp the image of poetry, we should contact the author's life experience, writing background, the text content of poetry and the relevant information materials provided by the test questions as much as possible. See whether poetry writes about natural scenery or expresses the feelings of human culture; See whether to rely on the natural scene and give it a personalized image, or directly appear as a lyric hero; Look at whether poetry expresses "self" interest or "self" feelings.
Artistic conception: it is an intriguing artistic realm formed by the organic integration of the poet's subjective thoughts and feelings and the life picture depicted in the poem.
Image is something that moves the author's feelings in poetry. When appreciating, we must first make it clear that the author wants to express his inner feelings through images. In addition, we should also know our traditional aesthetic habits, such as "looking at the moon and thinking about a distance", "hurting spring and mourning autumn", "thinking about the passing years when seeing the flowing water" and "worrying about the drizzle of phoenix trees", which are all in line with our traditional aesthetic characteristics. Artistic conception is the harmonious unity of meaning and context in poetry, and it is an appreciation of the thoughts and feelings expressed by the poet. It is necessary to understand artistic conception, and to understand artistic conception, we must grasp the aesthetic characteristics of images.
For example, Zhang Ji's night parking near Fengqiao.
On a frosty night, Jiang Feng sleeps by fishing and fire; In the lonely Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou, the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship.
This is a poem, but it is also a painting. Near this painting are the "fishing fire" of Jiangfeng (the name of the Second Bridge, namely Jiangcun Bridge and Qiao Feng Bridge) and the passenger ships moored at night. There are "crows" and waning moons covered with frost in the distance, and the temple can be seen vaguely through the trees. What a beautiful picture at night near Fengqiao! The poet is good at setting colors, the frosty sky is transparent, the fishing fire is bright, and they set each other off at a distance. The nearby fishing boat and the distant mountain temple are linked by bells. In this way, the distant view and the close view are interwoven into one chapter, which makes the whole picture colorful and full of vitality. In addition to colors, there are also sounds. The bells in the night sky are transmitted to the passenger ships one by one, knocking on the passengers' hearts. How can this not cause passengers' infinite reverie and enter the dream with sadness? The artistic conception of this picture of a night-mooring near maple bridge is lonely, but because of the rich and intense coloring and interesting description of the scenery, people are not attracted to the "sad" environment, but can get a sense of beauty.
This poem has emotion and realm. When we read this poem, we will naturally present a three-dimensional picture with both emotion and shadow, which is just like sitting in a cinema watching a three-dimensional movie. No wonder this poem has been widely circulated for a long time and spread abroad. It's really a rare poem with artistic conception!
Third, judging the style and genre of poetry is relatively simple and easy to answer. As long as you master the common sense about poetry, you can make a correct answer.
"Style" means that due to the author's different life experiences, emotional temperament and artistic accomplishment, he shows his unique style, style and interest in his creation, forming different styles of his works. For example, Li Bai's poems are fresh, elegant and free, Du Fu's poems are depressed and frustrated, Tao Yuanming's poems are diluted and peaceful, Wang Wei's poems are splashed with ink, such as Su Shi and Xin Qiji's poems are unrestrained, and Liu Yong and Li Qingzhao's poems are graceful and subtle. Understanding the poet's style is conducive to grasping their thoughts and feelings in poetry. Similarly, writing about friendship, Li Bai said, "I am worried about the bright moon and stay with the wind until the long night." Du Fu, on the other hand, said, "So, instead of piling tears in the Qutang in advance, it is better to use brocade water to flow." To appreciate their poems, we should read them repeatedly and carefully understand their differences in style.
Fourth, it is difficult to judge artistic skills, which is based on mastering various artistic techniques. The exam can test expression, rhetoric and expression. The main expression methods of poetry are: metaphor, synaesthesia, duality, parody, metaphor, metonymy, symbol, contrast, contrast and description; Having a front and a side; There are real writing and imaginary writing; Some are touching the scene, and some are touching the scene; Wait, everyone should be fully prepared for knowledge.
Fifth, the understanding of the topic seems difficult, but it is actually easier to answer. After the above analysis of a poem, what it praises, praises, confides, discovers, pursues, explains, criticizes, describes, worries, thinks and expresses can be interpreted relatively correctly as long as it is combined with the overall content of the poem.
Sixth, read more and think more about the analysis and judgment of the types of poetry appreciation and choice. Through the understanding of those selected limbs, we can appreciate the thinking of answering questions, broaden the thinking of answering questions and improve the correct rate of answering questions.