We provide you with a detailed introduction of "Ten Years of Spring" from the following aspects:
First, click here for the full text of "Cao Gui Debate" to see the details of "Cao Gui Debate"
Ten years of spring, we fought against each other.
The public will fight. Please see Cao Gui.
The villagers said, "What's the matter if the meat eater seeks it?" Say:
"Carnivores are contemptuous and can't make a long-term plan.
"is an introduction. Q:
"Why fight?" The duke said,
"If you have enough food and clothing, you can be expert, and
you must divide people." Yes, I said,
"Small favors have not been repeated, and people are obedient.
"Gong said," If you sacrifice jade and silk,
if you dare to add more, you must be faithful.
"Right:" Small faith is not blessed,
God is blessed. " The duke said,
"Although it is impossible to inspect a small prison,
it is necessary to show affection." Yes:
"Loyalty belongs to you. You can fight a war.
If you fight, please follow. " Take advantage of it, and
fight against it. The duke Zhuang was going to order the drumming of drums.
said, "I can't.
"Three drums. Say:
"It's ok." The qijun was soundly defeated.
the public will rush to it. Say:
"No." Look at it,
look at it, and say,
"It's ok." So the pursuit of qijun was pursued.
if you are guilty, ask the public why.
Yes,
It takes courage to fight. With one effort,
it will fail again, and it will be exhausted in three.
I am exhausted and I am profitable, so I will stop it.
a big country is unpredictable, and
there are hidden fears. I regard it as chaotic,
I hope its flag is weak, so I chase it.
Second, Zuo Qiuming's other poems
The Debate on Cao Gui, Uncle Jian's Crying Teacher, The War of Candles Defeated the Qin Teacher, Zheng Boke's unjust deeds in Yan/Duo, and Zhou Zheng's Pledge. Third, the translation
In the spring of ten years, Qi Shi attacked me. Male will fight, Cao Gui, please see. His countryman said, " the people in power will plan this matter, and why do you take part in it?" ？ ” " the people in power are short - sighted, unable to think deeply," Cao GUI said. ” Then they went to court to see the duke of duke. " what do you fight for?" asked Cao GUI. ” The duke Chuang said, " I have never dared to know anything about food and clothing, and I must give them to the minister around me. ” Yes, I said, "Small favors are not repeated, and people are obedient." The duke Chuang said, " the sacrificial pigs and sheep and jade articles, silk goods, and so on, I never dare to exaggerate the number, and I must tell the truth to god. ” Cao GUI said: " Xiao Xiao credit, can not obtain the trust of the gods, the gods will not bless you. ". ” The duke Chuang said, " even if you can't see all the cases of litigation in Xiao Xiao, I must be based on the facts. ” Yes: "Loyalty belongs to you. You can fight a war. Please follow the war. "
in the spring of the tenth year of Duke Zhuang of Lu, the army of Qi attacked Lu. Duke Zhuang of Lu will fight. Cao Gui requested an audience with Duke Zhuang of Lu. His fellow countryman said, "The people in power will plan the war themselves, so why should you participate?" Cao Gui said: "Those in power are short-sighted and cannot be far-sighted." So he went to the DPRK to see Duke Zhuang of Lu. Cao Gui asked, "What are you fighting for?" Duke Zhuang of Lu said, "Food and clothing, which is a kind of livelihood, can't be enjoyed alone, so we must give it to others." Cao Gui replied: "These small favors can't spread to the people, and the people won't listen to you." Duke Zhuang of Lu said: "I (never) dare to falsely report the number of cattle, sheep, jade and silk sacrificed to the gods. I must be honest and trustworthy." Cao Gui said: "This is just a small credit. You can't convince the gods. God won't bless you." Lu Zhuanggong said: "Even if we can't understand all the cases clearly, we must handle them reasonably." Cao Gui replied, "This is the only thing that we can do, and we can fight a battle with this condition. If you fight, please allow me to go with you. "
if you ride with it, you will fight with a long spoon. The duke Zhuang was going to order the drumming of drums. " not right now," said Cao GUI. ” Wait until qijun three times the drum after the drum. Cao GUI said, " you can beat the drum. ". ” The qijun was soundly defeated. The duke of their ordered the horse to be chased by the horse. " not right now," said Cao GUI. ” Then he went down the chariot, looked at the tracks of the qijun wheels, climbed into the chariot, and supported the front rail of the chariot to look at the formation of the qijun, and said, " you can pursue. ". ” So the pursuit of qijun was pursued.
Duke Zhuang of Lu and he * * * sat in a chariot, and fought the Qi army in the ladle. Duke Zhuang of Lu will order the drums to March. Cao Gui said, "Not now." Wait until the Qi army hits the drums three times. Cao Gui said, "You can March on the drums." The qi army was defeated. Duke Zhuang of Lu wants to order a horse to chase the Qi army. Cao Gui said, "Not yet." After that, he got out of the chariot, looked at the marks of the wheels of the Qi army, boarded the chariot again, and held the crossbar in front of the chariot to look at the formation of the Qi army. Then he said, "You can pursue." So he chased the qi army.
if you are guilty, ask the public why. He said, "It takes courage to fight. High-spirited, then decline, three exhausted. I am exhausted and I am surplus, so I will overcome it. A big country is unpredictable and fearful. I regard it as chaotic and look at its flag, so I chase it. "
After defeating the Qi army, Duke Zhuang of Lu asked him why he did so. Cao Gui replied, "Fighting depends on the courage and fearlessness. Playing drums for the first time can boost morale. The morale of the soldiers began to decline after the second drum beating, and it was exhausted after the third drum beating. Their morale has disappeared and our army's morale is flourishing, so we defeated them. In a big country like Qi, it is difficult to speculate on their situation, for fear that they will set an ambush. I saw that the tracks of their wheels were scattered and their flags fell, so I decided to chase them. "
IV. Notes
Ten years: the tenth year of Lu Zhuanggong (BC).
Cao Gui was a famous military theorist in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Ride with him: Duke Zhuang of Lu rides with him in a chariot. , refers to Cao Gui.
Long spoon: the place name of Lu State, now northeast of Laiwu, Shandong Province.
defeat: the army was defeated.
chi: drive to catch up.
rut: the trace of the wheel.
Shi: a crossbar used as a handrail in front of an ancient carriage.
hence, just.
chase: chasing, here refers to chasing.
Rick: it has been defeated. Yes, already. Dick, overcome.
When you fight, you have courage. When you fight, you are brave and fearless. Husband, put at the beginning of the sentence, means that it will be discussed, which has no practical significance.
Keep it up: The first drum beating can boost morale. Cheer up.
again: the second time.
three: the third time.
They are exhausted, but we are full of courage. Peter, pronoun, refers to the Qi army. Full, full, full, here refers to high morale.
unpredictable: hard to guess. Measure, speculate and estimate.
ambush.
down.
V. Appreciation
This article tells the story of Cao Gui's comments on this war in the Battle of the Long Spoon, and the historical fact that he used the principle of "mustering, then failing, and finally exhausting" to repel the powerful Qi army in wartime. The language of the article, whether narrative or dialogue between characters, is extremely concise, expressive and logical, and accessible. There are scattered sentences, parallelism and even sentences in the writing, which enhance the vivid effect of the narrative writer. Among them, Cao Gui's language is particularly wonderful, such as the command language on the battlefield, which is short and clear, which not only shows that the war is urgent and has no time to analyze the war strategy, but also shows Cao Gui's quick thinking and firm and confident mentality when facing the war.
the first paragraph: from the beginning to "please follow in the war". Write about the political preparations before the war-win the trust of the people. This paragraph can be divided into two layers.
on the first floor, I write the reason why Cao Gui asked to see Duke Zhuang of Lu. At the beginning, the time of the incident was pointed out first, and then it was pointed out that "Qi Shi attacked me", indicating that the war was caused by Qi's attack on Lu, and Duke Zhuang of Lu was ready to resist. The above brief introduction to the situation provides the necessary background for Cao Gui's interview and debate.
The second story tells that Cao Gui asked Zhuang Gong to make political preparations before the war, which is the focus of the first paragraph. When Cao Gui met with Duke Zhuang of Lu, he asked "Why fight" from the beginning, and grasped the key issue of making political preparations before the war. Inspired by Cao Gui again and again, Duke Zhuang of Lu put forward three conditions in turn: aristocratic support, the blessing of ghosts and gods, and prison inspection with affection. Cao Gui denied the first two conditions and affirmed the latter one. In the face of Qi's invasion, Cao Gui volunteered to meet Duke Zhuang, and the author recorded his conversation with "fellow villagers".
the second paragraph: from "riding with the public" to "chasing the division". Write the story of Cao Gui commanding the Lu army to defeat the Qi army.
Cao Gui's idea of "winning the trust of the people" has been endorsed by Zhuang Gong, and "taking advantage of it" shows Zhuang Gong's trust and esteem for Cao Gui. In this paper, the position that is conducive to Lu's counterattack is explained first, and the long spoon is in Lu's territory. For Lu, the terrain and features are familiar, which is convenient for obtaining human support and material supply, and is also conducive to Lu's transformation to favorable aspects in morale. Then there is a concrete narrative of the battle, focusing on two things: "beating drums" and "division by division" Write Cao Gui command LuJun began to counterattack after "Qi people three drums", and write Cao Gui decided to pursue after observing the situation of Qi army's defeat and escape, all of which are described very briefly. There is not much pen and ink in this part to write about the actual situation of the engagement between the two armies, but how the Lu army attacked and pursued, and how the Qi army suffered defeat and fled vividly. Cao Gui chose the right time to attack and pursue, and he adopted the tactics of attacking the enemy later and winning with wisdom.
Paragraph 3: From "Bike" to the end. Writing Cao Gui on the reasons for winning the battle is the center of the article.
The word "Bike" means that the climax of the campaign has passed and the atmosphere has suddenly eased. It's time for the puzzling Duke Zhuang of Lu to ask the truth. Cao Gui's answer can be divided into two aspects.
First, it discusses the favorable opportunity to start the counter-offensive-when the other side is exhausted and I am profitable: the Lu army stays put and saves energy. The Qi army marched on drums for the first time, and its morale was booming. The second drum beat, morale began to decline; The third time I beat the drum, my morale was completely exhausted. At this critical moment, Cao Gui adopted the policy of "when the enemy is exhausted, we will fight" and finally turned the disadvantages into advantages.
Second, it discusses the time when the pursuit began-when the flag was in turmoil: although Lu Jun won the initial victory in the counterattack, Cao Gui did not underestimate the enemy. "Being a big country, it is unpredictable, and there are hidden fears", which reflects that Cao Gui has never forgotten that he is a small enemy and a weak enemy is strong. All is fair in war, so we must be vigilant. Cao Gui personally inspected the enemy's situation, and found that the enemy was "confused" and "flagging". He confirmed that the Qi army was fleeing in panic and was in flight, and only then did he pursue them and finally won the battle.
Finally, Cao Gui demonstrates the choice of tactics and the reasons for defeating the enemy after the battle with supplementary narration. This part is actually the focus of the full text, which shows the characteristics of Cao Gui's operational command. This passage is a rational analysis and discussion of the second section of the war.
The Cao Gui Debate is rich in content, which focuses on the basic principles of strategic defense. If we master these principles correctly, we can achieve the goal of defeating the strong with the weak.
VI. Background
This selected article is also entitled "Battle of Qilu Long Spoon" or "Battle of Long Spoon". The Cao Gui Debate records that in 684 BC, Qi used Lu as an excuse to help Gong Zijiu compete for the throne of Qi, and once again, the two armies fought against Lu. This article focuses on Cao Gui's "Debate" rather than the course of the war, showing Cao Gui's political foresight and military talent.
Poems of the same dynasty
Song of Picking Wei, The First Month of the Spring King, Song People and Chu People Peace, Wu Zi's Appointment to Zhalai, Yu Shi's Jin Shi's Destroying xia yang, Zheng Boke's Duan Yu Yan, Zeng Shen's Cooking, Naoko's Suspicion of Neighborhood, Shi Kuang.
click here to see more details about the debate in Cao Gui.