Hanshin-Awaji-Daishin Competition was the Hanshin Earthquake in June, 1995, at 65438+ 10/kloc-0.
At 5: 45 a.m. on June 7th, 65438, a disaster happened in Kobe, Japan. The magnitude of the earthquake was 7.3 on the Richter scale. The epicenter is located in Awaji Island, 23 kilometers southwest of Kobe City, belonging to Hyogo Prefecture in Kansai region of Japan. The earthquake was caused by the activity of the Liu Jia fault zone from Kobe to Awaji Island, and it was a strong earthquake with up-and-down vibration. Kobe is one of the largest cities in Japan, with a dense population (6,543.8+0,500 people). The earthquake occurred in the early hours of the morning, causing a large number of casualties (according to official statistics, about 6,500 people died, and 320,000 people had to live in a combined house due to house damage). The Great Hanshin Earthquake is of great significance in the history of earthquakes in Japan, which directly aroused Japan's attention to earthquake science, urban architecture and traffic prevention. At that time, Japanese scholars generally believed that there was no possibility of a major earthquake in Kansai region, which led to the lack of adequate preventive measures and disaster relief systems in this region. In particular, there are quite a few traffic arteries around Kobe passing through tunnels or viaducts, and the tunnels were seriously damaged in the earthquake, which affected the speed of search and rescue. In Kobe, gas leakage and dense wooden houses caused a rapid chain fire. For example, in Nagata district of Kobe, all wooden houses were burned down.
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Hanshin earthquake
199565438+1October 17 At 5: 46, an earthquake measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale occurred in Awaji Island, south of Hyogo Prefecture, Kansai, Japan. Its focal depth is about 10-20km, and it is a direct earthquake. This strong earthquake caused extremely serious earthquake damage to Kobe, the main city of Hanshin Economic Zone in Japan. According to the data, more than 5,400 people died in the earthquake-stricken area (including more than 4,000 people who died of suffocation, accounting for more than 90% of the deaths), about 27,000 people were injured, nearly 300,000 people were homeless, and about 6,543.8+0.08 million buildings were destroyed; Water, electricity, gas, roads, railways and ports have all been seriously damaged. According to Japanese official announcement, the economic loss caused by this earthquake is about 654.38+000 billion US dollars. The total loss is 1~ 1.5% of the gross national product. The earthquake caused many casualties, destroyed many buildings and caused huge economic losses. This is the worst in 72 years after the Great Kanto Earthquake in Japan, and it is also the biggest disaster that Japan suffered in 50 years after the war.
An analysis of the reasons for editing this paragraph
Main factors causing disasters; Hanshin earthquake
The first is the nature of the earthquake. Urban direct earthquake energy accumulation is slow and long, which is basically unpredictable under the current conditions. Its vibration mode is special, vertical and horizontal amplitude and intensity are large, which is extremely destructive to the city, and Kobe City is close to the epicenter. Second, geographical and environmental factors and fragile infrastructure. Most cities are built on hillsides, slopes and cultivated land. After a strong earthquake, the foundation will be deformed. Poor seismic fortification in cities has caused a lot of damage to houses (mostly buildings before 1980s), traffic facilities and lifeline projects, and caused secondary disasters such as fires. Third, post-earthquake relief work is very difficult. After the earthquake, Kobe's communication was not smooth, roads were blocked, and people were worried, which objectively brought great difficulties to disaster relief work. So that disaster relief cannot be organized as planned. At the same time, it also reflects that the Japanese government's preparation for the Kansai earthquake disaster is not in place, its estimation is insufficient, and its action is slow. In actual rescue, there are some situations such as uncoordinated disaster relief command system, chaotic supply of disaster relief materials, and untimely fire fighting. Five years have passed since the Hanshin Awaji earthquake. In these five years, natural disasters such as rainstorm, typhoon and volcanic eruption have occurred in various parts of Japan. As early as the Hanshin Awaji earthquake, national and local public organizations began to revise disaster prevention plans and study disaster prevention countermeasures. The lessons of the earthquake disaster should be effectively used to deal with the subsequent disasters, and everyone must learn the most valuable things from that earthquake disaster. Hyogo Prefecture has formulated the "Hyogo Phoenix Plan" with the goal of reconstruction after the Hanshin Awaji earthquake and based on the basic concept of building a harmonious society between man and nature, man and man, and man and society. The completion time of this plan coincides with 10 year after the earthquake, that is, 2005. Take the post-earthquake 10 year as the stage, and implement the countermeasures of rebuilding home and creating a brand-new citizen life. It is an unprecedented contest not only in Japan, but also in the whole world to recover from the great disaster that directly attacked modern cities. The losses caused by the Hanshin Awaji earthquake were described as "unprecedented disasters". What kind of disaster was the Hanshin Awaji earthquake? Hanshin earthquake
The Hanshin Awaji earthquake made about 2% of Japan's gross domestic product (GDP) assets disappear instantly. For Japan, it was a disastrous disaster, which could not be compared with the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923. Judging from the number of casualties, the Great Kanto Earthquake is about 20 times that of the Great Hanshin Earthquake, but 95% of them died in urban fires after the earthquake. In the worst-hit Tokyo, the number of people crushed to death reached 3000, which shows that the death toll of Hanshin Awaji earthquake is almost the same in order of magnitude. The Hanshin Awaji earthquake has a great economic impact on the affected areas. 1In February, 1995, the sales of major retail stores in Kobe dropped to 18.6% in the same month of last year. In March, two years after the earthquake, with the comprehensive recovery of major department stores, the sales gradually picked up, but compared with the national department stores in March, 14% still lost money. Although the earthquake disaster has brought many negative effects to the economy of the disaster area, there is no obvious negative impact caused by the earthquake disaster by comparing the disaster area with other cities with personal economic strength indicators such as bank deposit balance and local tax. From the perspective of life safety, the biggest impact is the damage to houses caused by earthquake disasters, and 90% of the dead are killed by houses that are not earthquake-resistant. Although citizens are uneasy about highways, underground blocks and high-rise buildings, they are not concerned about the seismic performance of houses closely related to their lives, especially wooden houses. Hanshin earthquake
For a long time, Japan has been focusing on how to improve the seismic safety of urban infrastructure such as roads, railways, lifeline facilities and parks, as well as the overall urban framework. However, the Hanshin Awaji earthquake exposed problems such as poor seismic performance of houses, narrow roads, crowded houses and no open space. The main reason for the expansion of the disaster is not the overall framework of the city, but that citizens have completely forgotten the earthquake-resistant storage of daily necessities. The collapsed wooden house blocked the narrow road less than 4m wide, let alone the fire truck, and even people could not pass. When the block with dense wooden houses with poor seismic performance is seriously damaged by the earthquake, it is not only the owners who suffer losses, which hinders the progress of emergency vehicles and rescuers, and then hinders the development of fire fighting and rescue activities, and finally causes greater losses to the whole area. This has been confirmed again. As the basic place of human life, "residence" will cause great pain to the victims and affected areas for a long time once it is destroyed in large quantities. Because post-earthquake reconstruction takes several years or even 10 years from the restoration of shelters, temporary houses and blocks to the reconstruction of life. There are urban blocks with poor earthquake resistance all over Japan. Taking two areas where fires spread in Hanshin Awaji earthquake as examples, the structure of urban blocks is studied. The survey results show that the building area coefficient of these two areas is above 40%, and the ratio of wood structure ratio to fire-resistant structure ratio is about 70%, which has a very high risk of fire spread. There are similar blocks in Tokyo. People's reaction during the disaster: Hanshin earthquake.
In the past, people put forward some plans for the development of disasters mainly from the perspective of disaster countermeasures researchers. As a representative example, the existence of three stages is very clear: emergency, recovery and reconstruction. The so-called emergency stage is centered on activities to protect life safety, and the time of rescue activities is limited to the first 72 hours after the disaster. The recovery stage focuses on the activities of restoring the function of the social operation system until the emergency recovery of the lifeline is completed. The reconstruction stage refers to the recovery of social assets, that is, the lifeline has been completely restored, the housing and living environment have been rebuilt, and everything has returned to normal. For the administrative departments and people who implement disaster countermeasures, it is very effective information to regard the above three stages as the overall goal of marking the turning point of disaster relief. Judging from the rescued victims, for those victims whose houses were slightly damaged and who can continue to live after the earthquake, they really want to go home and return to normal life. For them, the restoration of lifeline is very important information. For the victims who suffered heavy losses in their houses and went out to take refuge, the most important thing is the information about rebuilding their houses, and the restoration of lifeline ranks second. It can be seen that accurately grasping the needs of each victim and implementing rescue according to their priorities are also necessary information to improve the efficiency and quality of disaster relief. The researchers clearly pointed out that the response of the victims can be divided into three time periods, namely 10 hour, 100 hour and 1000 hour after the earthquake. A survey of 32 affected families in Nishimiya City, Hyogo Prefecture confirmed this result. The contents of this survey include family members and living environment, disaster situation, whether they have lived in shelters and temporary houses, and housing reconstruction. In order to understand the whole disaster process experienced by these 32 families, they were interviewed for 60 hours, and their responses and actions about 1 year after the disaster occurred were obtained, and the obtained information was digitized, and then the temporal and spatial distribution process of actions was reflected on GIS (Geographic Information System). Hanshin earthquake
By using GIS to analyze the changes of the victims' residence, it can be known that during the post-disaster period 1 year, the victims' living forms can be divided into three types: ① returning to their original houses (self-occupied houses); ② Urban relocation (urban transfer type); ③ Relocation outside the city (relocation outside the city). Either way, the migration time is 10 hour, 100 hour and 1000 hour after the earthquake. During the "1 0 hour" of1,it is difficult to grasp the situation and only deal with the head and foot of the situation. In the "100 hour" after the earthquake, the disaster situation has been roughly understood. With the opening of shelters and the arrival of rescue troops and materials, the social framework of disaster areas has been set up, which is the "formation period of disaster areas". During this period, the activities of the victims were characterized by taking out family property from the destroyed houses, implementing "residence" through various relationships and trying their best to start a new life. During the "1000 hours" after the disaster, the so-called disaster utopia was formed due to the development of emergency recovery work such as lifeline and the reinforcement of volunteers, which can be called "the period of social stability in the affected areas". During this period, many people fled the disaster area, so it was also a period when the degree of disaster was more obvious. "1000 hours later", due to the restoration of the lifeline, most people who did not leave the disaster area also resumed their daily lives and went to work normally. This period can be called "the transition period of returning to normal".
This paragraph was edited in the third phase after the Hanshin Earthquake.
The victims of Hanshin Awaji earthquake helped each other in three different periods and adopted different coping measures. The following is about this.
1 period
In the Hanshin Awaji earthquake, the citizens themselves played the biggest role in saving lives. They played a great role in rescuing people buried under the rubble and fire fighting activities. 240 thousand houses in the disaster area were damaged to varying degrees, and tens of thousands of people were buried below and needed help. Self-defense forces rescued 176 people, firefighters (Kobe fire department) rescued 733 people, and fire brigade (Kobe fire brigade) rescued 8 19 people. If you add 5,000 people rescued by professional rescuers such as the police, most of the rest are rescued by the citizens themselves. In terms of fire fighting, citizens also played a key role. The earthquake in Xigong City triggered 4 1 fire, and 29 (about 70%) fires were put out by citizens in the early stage. Although there were 4/kloc-0 fires, only 90 houses were burned down, one of the important reasons was that citizens participated in the initial fire fighting activities. After the earthquake, citizens' participation in disaster relief activities in this area is based on their own safety considerations. The survey results show that the action route of most victims after the earthquake is "protecting their own lives" → "protecting the safety of their relatives living together" → "knowing whether their neighbors are safe".
Time period 2
Hanshin earthquake
The refuge life after the survival crisis needs extensive mutual assistance. In the shelter, you can see the scene of neighbors helping each other, but not necessarily. Some people "sweep their own snow, regardless of other people's frost." Although it was destroyed by the earthquake, it does not mean that the necessities of life have been completely lost. A lot of food, clothes and other daily necessities were left under the collapsed house. Judging from the situation at that time, even if the external relief materials came too late, the victims could use the precious things left over from the disaster area to adjust each other, which could last 1 thoughtful 10 days. Moreover, for the victims who didn't go to the shelter and stayed at home, the community that delivers information every day has become an organization that publishes administrative news and delivers contact information. In addition, during this period, some cross-regional groups also began to exert their strength. Needless to say, blood relationship, colleagues, alumni, business partners, like-minded people and all related contact channels have played a role. Send water and food, provide temporary shelter, look after children, donate money and materials, etc. , forming a powerful force, directly or indirectly supporting the victims.
Time period 3
In places where houses and streets are destroyed and people are still living a miserable and disastrous life, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive regional rehabilitation. In the meantime, those public organizations that need to rebuild cities such as apartments and blocks must work together in Qi Xin towards a goal. However, before the earthquake, few areas set up urban management agreements to carry out certain activities. It was not easy to understand them when they lost their house in the earthquake. Especially for urban renewal and construction, every victim has to pay a certain price. If we want to rebuild according to everyone's wishes, sometimes we will infringe on personal interests because of the overall situation. If individuals are unwilling to give in, it will affect the progress of block reconstruction. At present, urban construction is under way, and the victims are adapting to the new living environment and rebuilding their new lives. They are all areas where Qi Xin is working together to rebuild their homes.
Enlightenment and experience of editing this paragraph
Post-disaster summary
The Hanshin earthquake exposed the mistakes and weak links of the Japanese government in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. First, it is misjudged that there will be no major earthquake in Kansai, Japan, which makes the seismic fortification work in this area lag behind the urban construction; Second, the fire-fighting ability in Kansai region is poor, and the related fire-fighting facilities are incomplete, which leads to the inability to put out earthquakes and fires in time. Third, the government departments did not formulate corresponding disaster relief plans, which led to the lag and uncoordinated disaster relief after the earthquake and increased the earthquake losses.
Consider recruiting construction engineers.
At present, Yishan Yishu is the chairman of the special investigation meeting on earthquake refuge countermeasures in the capital and an expert on earthquake disaster prevention countermeasures. After watching the pictures on TV, Lin Zhong realized the obvious difference between Sichuan earthquake and Japanese earthquake. He told the International Herald Tribune: "Most buildings in Japan are made of wood, but this time the buildings in Sichuan disaster area are mainly reinforced concrete or bricks. It is still very difficult to rescue the disaster with bare hands. Disaster relief requires a lot of construction machinery, such as electric drills, cranes, generators, etc. " In the current situation of insufficient machinery, Lin Zhong suggested that we should consider collecting workers with construction site experience from all over the country to participate in the rescue, because they know best how to pry up rubble and steel bars.
People should establish the consciousness of "* * * rescue"
Hanshin earthquake
Japan has learned many lessons from the earthquakes that happened in the past twenty years. One of the most important points is that the victims should transcend the sense of disaster and take the initiative to unite and help each other. Lin Zhong, for example, said that in the Hanshin earthquake of 1995, it was difficult for the fire brigade to get through the phone. Most of the forces to rescue the affected people from burning houses and overcome difficulties for post-disaster construction come from the people, especially the "self-government associations" and "town-in-town associations" (similar to street offices and neighborhood committees in China), which have become the core forces for disaster relief. "For example, whoever cooks well in this street is allowed to cook for everyone, and others have their own characteristics. Everyone lives in a collective, and neighbors can help each other what one person or a family can't do, but they can do it. If 65438+ ten thousand victims act independently or just wait for rescue, then 65438+ ten thousand people are just victims. If everyone * * * saves, 65,438+10,000 people will be able to exert their strength several times that of 10,000 people. " It is with this sense of salvation that Japan has overcome the difficulties of disaster relief and reconstruction. Lin Zhong hopes that China will make use of this experience in this disaster relief.
Social forces should be mobilized to deal with rumors.
After the Sichuan earthquake, there are rumors in some places in China that there will be another big earthquake in the short term. In fact, this happened during the earthquake in Japan. A university professor who personally experienced the 1995 Hanshin earthquake said: "After the earthquake, despite the government's explanation of the disaster, there is still a rumor among the people that' the great earthquake will come again'. The mood of the victims is already very fragile, and it is easier to believe rumors, and many people are more afraid. " How to deal with similar rumors? "Neighborhood committees can act as a bridge between administrative organs and regional victims, convey correct information to victims in a timely manner, and appease everyone's emotions. If there are one or two leaders among hundreds of affected people, it will be easier to manage the emotions of the victims. " Lin Zhong told the Japanese story. In the earthquake relief in Japan, in addition to the important role played by neighborhood committees, many respected scholars and teachers also took the initiative to stabilize everyone's mood. I have had such an experience. "Many people ask me,' Will there be another big earthquake?' I would say that there may be aftershocks, but none of them will cause a fatal blow like last time. What is important now is to prepare food and protect the safety of family members. If there is any aftershock, we will be able to cope with it. Please believe. "
Spiritual care is also very important
According to Ben's personal experience, spiritual assistance and material assistance are equally important to victims. "Just after the earthquake, everyone wants to help each other, so they are all very energetic. But after a week, fatigue and anxiety reached their peak. " Ben told reporters that people were under great mental pressure after the earthquake, and even close family members or friends would quarrel over it. There have been quarrels at home. "At this time, the arrival of many volunteers really helped a lot." He recalled. After the earthquake, Japan launched a number of spiritual assistance to the victims, such as sending experts to provide psychological counseling for survivors after the earthquake.
Edit this lesson.
Earthquake prediction and fortification standards
There are some possible precursors of this earthquake, but how to use it to realize short-term and imminent prediction still needs a lot of work. For urban earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, the correct determination of fortification level is the basis of the whole work, which puts forward higher requirements for medium and long-term prediction, especially in areas with weak seismic activity in history. At the same time, the lessons of Hanshin earthquake show that in the absence of prevention standards, the population, economic situation and current prediction level of this area should be comprehensively considered.
Engineering earthquake resistance
It can be said that the Hanshin earthquake is a great test of the seismic capacity of various structures. The investigation of earthquake damage shows that the buildings with better seismic design such as high-rise buildings and super-high-rise buildings designed according to the new Japanese code (198 1) are in good condition, and the isolated houses perform well: the old houses and lifeline projects represented by viaducts suffered unprecedented fatal blows, and the water supply system was seriously damaged, which affected the disaster relief; The main structure of the subway was damaged by earthquake for the first time; The destruction of the middle floor of the building and the destruction of the giant steel structure are rare phenomena in previous earthquakes; High-rise buildings built on artificially backfilled soft foundation and treated by foundation have withstood the test of vibration and liquefaction and performed well. The old ports and docks were destroyed, and almost all docks stopped working. In other words, this earthquake disaster poses a new challenge to the existing theories and methods of seismic design, and puts forward a series of new topics that need to be studied, such as the earthquake resistance of soft soil foundation, the influence of vertical seismic force, and the seismic checking model.
Urban disaster prevention and relief
The situation of this earthquake shows that the disaster prevention system of Japanese national and local governments has played a role, but it has also exposed shortcomings, mainly in the emergency rescue of major earthquakes. How does the disaster prevention system adapt to the requirements of earthquake relief? How to quickly judge the disaster situation and organize timely and effective emergency rescue operations after the city lifeline system is damaged beyond expectations or even destroyed? How can disaster prevention planning be more specific and operational? How to strengthen citizens' psychological preparation for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction: Hanshin earthquake has provided extremely valuable experiences and lessons in these aspects.
Edit works related to Hanshin Awaji earthquake in this section.
The novel Magic Night by Keigo Higashino, the mysterious king of Japan, takes the Hanshin Awaji Earthquake as the opening background, and unfolds the staggered fate of the hero and heroine. Shsakurai(27 years old), a member of Arashi, the top idol group of Genese in Japan, appeared as a reporter in "Hanshin Awaji Earthquake"/KOC-0/5 Kobe News "7 ~ Disaster Area" on the anniversary of Hanshin Awaji Earthquake. Kazue Fukiishi, the actress of Peng Yan, performed * * * (broadcast on 20 10.05438+0.6438+06 specially planned by Fuji TV).
Edit this passage about Hanshin earthquake and stock market.
After the Great Hanshin Earthquake in Japan (1995+ 17), the Nikkei 225 index fell from 10/9241on October 23rd to 17785. Then, Japan's index exploded for several days in a short time, and finally it continued to fall due to the economic and financial impact of the earthquake, during which the famous Bahrain Bank was also involved in bankruptcy. In the four trading days after the Great Hanshin Earthquake in Japan, banks, real estate and machinery stocks in Hanshin area such as Sumitomo Trust Bank fell by 17%, while securities, real estate and machinery stocks generally fell.
Edit this section of Hanshin Earthquake Memorial Hall
Kobe is the sixth largest city in Japan and an important industrial center of this country. Originally, this city built by the sea was famous for its delicious beef and fashionable clothes, but since the early winter morning when the earth shook 13 years ago, the earthquake has become an eternal scar of this city. Now, in the original hardest hit area, people have built two buildings to commemorate the Hanshin Earthquake. What is intriguing, however, is that the names of these two buildings are actually "future people's disaster prevention centers" rather than "memorial halls" in the usual sense.
The memorial in the disaster area symbolizes the future.
"The memorial hall was built on the ruins of the earthquake." Ms. Isaiah Skirt Zhisheng, an interpreter interviewed by this reporter, said that when the earthquake occurred, low-income people lived around the center for the future of mankind and disaster prevention. Most of their houses were made of wood, which not only had low earthquake resistance, but also were prone to fire. When the earthquake happened, it became the hardest hit area in Kobe. "After the earthquake, many people were burned alive in their homes by fire." In 2002, seven years after the earthquake, the Japanese government and Hyogo Prefecture spent 6 billion yuan to build the "Future Center for People and Disaster Prevention" on the ruins of the earthquake. It consists of two buildings, which were opened to the public in 2002 and 2003 respectively. Although in the eyes of the Japanese, the "Center for Human Future and Disaster Prevention" is basically equivalent to the Hanshin Earthquake Memorial Hall, there is no obvious memorial on the front of the building except a steel bar distorted by the earthquake. The names of the two buildings "People's Future and Disaster Prevention Center" also seem to be far away from the earthquake: a transparent building is called "Disaster Prevention Future Museum" and the adjacent building is called "People's Future Museum".
Earthquake commemoration "understatement"
The "Disaster Prevention Future Pavilion" has five floors, of which only two floors are used to commemorate and review the earthquake. In the screening hall "1. 17 Theater" on the fourth floor of "Disaster Prevention Future Pavilion", the scene of disaster arrival on 10/995+17 was reproduced through images and sounds: houses collapsed instantly, derailed trains, collapsed viaducts, and so on. The theme of the third floor of the "Disaster Prevention Future Pavilion" is "Earthquake Disaster Review", which mainly displays all kinds of objects left by the earthquake, photos after the earthquake and relics of the victims. "The cat saved his life." Wang Xizhu, a volunteer commentator and Chinese Japanese, pointed to a helmet with a big hole in the showcase and told the reporter the story of the helmet owner. "Before the earthquake, the cat at home suddenly cried and bit him. This man feels terrible. He just put on his helmet and was ready to rush out of the house. The earthquake happened and the ceiling collapsed with a bang. He put on his helmet in time and let him escape. " After the earthquake, relevant organizations collected souvenirs and the survivors donated his helmet. In addition to the physical display, the "Review Hall" also shows scenes of earthquake victims helping each other, gathering in schools to take refuge, and post-disaster reconstruction in the form of cartoon statues. From the experience hall on the fourth floor to the retrospective hall on the third floor, although the Hanshin earthquake was "restored" by images and objects, the reporter felt that the atmosphere of "commemoration" was not vigorously rendered in the museum: the facilities in front of the museum were simple, the image screening was only 7 minutes, the real-life simulation was limited in a limited space, and the display of objects and pictures was difficult to impress people. This seems to be an understatement compared with the disaster that killed 6,437 people, injured 44,000 people and damaged about 650,000 buildings in Hanshin area after the earthquake.
Pay more attention to "commemoration" and "disaster prevention"
For the model showing earthquake destructive power, the largest sphere shows earthquake destructive power of 8, followed by 7.3. Compared with the understated "commemoration and review", the "Disaster Prevention Future Pavilion" seems to focus more on the popularization of disaster prevention knowledge and the disclosure of disaster information. The "Disaster Prevention Future Pavilion" has five floors. Except for the third and fourth floors, the rest are all around the theme of "future disaster prevention". In the "Disaster Information Station" on the second floor, visitors can not only check the disaster and disaster prevention information released by the government and research institutions for free through computers, but also learn about various disasters and disaster prevention knowledge through experiments and games. Deep earthquakes, shallow earthquakes, P-waves, S-waves … these earthquake knowledge can be learned through simple and interesting small experiments. Regarding the destructive power of the Wenchuan earthquake in China, the commentator Wang Xizhu's Disaster Prevention Future Pavilion showed visitors a "cross-shaped support" with good seismic effect, and successfully showed a spherical model to reporters. The model consists of five spheres with decreasing volume, which represent different destruction intensities of earthquakes from magnitude 6 to magnitude 8. "From magnitude 6 to magnitude 8, the destructive power of the earthquake increased geometrically. This is the Hanshin earthquake and this is the Wenchuan earthquake. " Wang Xizhu pointed to two balls marked 7.3 and 8. Although they are adjacent spheres, the volume of spheres reflecting the intensity of Wenchuan earthquake is several times larger than that of adjacent Hanshin earthquake spheres. "You can imagine the intensity of Wenchuan earthquake." Wang Xizhu sighed. Because of the recent earthquake in China, the reconstruction work is going on. The staff of "Disaster Information Station" specially demonstrated a "cross-bracing method" that can make the house stronger for China reporters through experimental devices. "If you add a cross-shaped support when building a house, the seismic strength of the house will be greatly enhanced." The staff member said. As for increasing the cost of anti-seismic facilities such as cross-shaped supports, Professor Okazaki Kenji, a disaster prevention expert at the Japan Institute of Policy Studies, said that for builders, the cost of increasing anti-seismic facilities usually only accounts for a small part of the total cost. "Even brick-concrete structures that are common in underdeveloped areas can be earthquake-resistant through technological transformation." Okazaki said.
"People's Future Pavilion" highlights spiritual assistance.
If the "Disaster Prevention Future Pavilion" focuses on the "realistic" disaster prevention details, then the "People's Future Pavilion" on the side is mainly reflected in people's "spiritual comfort". After the Great Hanshin Earthquake, many survivors suffered from serious mental illness and even committed suicide because they lost their homes and relatives in an instant. According to a commentator of the Disaster Prevention Future Museum, although the relevant Japanese institutions provided great psychological assistance to the victims after the earthquake, even now, dozens of people still die every year due to the sequelae caused by the earthquake. The theme of "People's Future Pavilion" is "Respect for Life". The staff said that in the People's Future Pavilion, visitors can know the value of life through music, movies, poems and even games. The protagonist of the museum is a beech tree with tenacious vitality, and the designer tries to tell the visitors the philosophy of life by interpreting its story.