Poetry schools in Song Dynasty. In the late Northern Song Dynasty, Huang Tingjian had a great influence on poetry. Although his creative achievements are not as good as Su Shi's, his poems more prominently reflect the artistic characteristics of the Song Dynasty. He summed up a complete set of poetic techniques and passed them on to later scholars. Therefore, many poets follow and imitate Huang Tingjian. For example, Chen Shidao has the deepest friendship with Su Shi, but he takes Huang Tingjian as a model of his poetry. Gradually formed a poetry school centered on Huang Tingjian. During the period of Hui Zong, Lu Benzhong wrote the Sect Map of Jiangxi Poetry Society, and respected Huang Tingjian as the ancestor of poetry school. Chen Shidao and other 25 people thought that these poets were in the same strain as Huang Tingjian. The map of Lu has long been lost, and the earliest existing record can be found in the first volume of Hu's "Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden from Conghua" in the Southern Song Dynasty. The 25 people listed on the map of Lu are
, Li □, Han Ju, Chao Chongzhi, Jiang Duanben, Yang Fu, Xie □, Xia Ni, Lin Mingong, Pan Daguan, He □, He Shanquan, Gao He. Later, the list recorded in Yun Lu's Manchu Dynasty and other books was slightly different. These poets are not all from Jiangxi, probably out of original intention. It was named Jiangxi Poetry School. Among these 25 people, only, Xie Yi,,, Hongyan, Han Ju,, Chao Chongzhi, Xie□, etc. 10 people spread many works. Except Chen Shidao, their grades are not very high. In addition, Zeng, Chen and others were also classified as Jiangxi Poetry School by later generations.
Because Jiangxi Poetry School did not put forward any special ideas on the ideological content of poetry, their works have their own characteristics on the ideological content. The works of Huang Tingjian, Chen Shidao and others mainly describe personal life experiences and express the author's thoughts and feelings, but the content is relatively narrow. After the "Jingkang Revolution", Zeng□, Chen and others created some patriotic poems reflecting the national struggle at that time, which formed the main source of Jiangxi poetry school.
Because these poets have similar views on the art of poetry, the relationship between the members of the poetry school is mutual teaching and learning.
The most famous ideas in Huang Tingjian's poetic theory are "taking the fetus as the bone" and "turning iron into gold", that is, a method of inheriting predecessors' words or thoughts, with the aim of "bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new" in poetry creation. Huang Tingjian used this method effectively in his creative practice and made some achievements. But this method ignores the only source of literary creation, that is, social life, so it also came into being.
Poets with new spirit take this as a criterion, and unilaterally pursue "no words are everywhere" instead of "seeking novelty", so they pick up people's wisdom and express their images, forming the last stream of Jiangxi poetry school. This is the main reason why Jiangxi Poetry School has been ridiculed for a long time.
However, "replacing bones with fetuses" and "turning iron into gold" are only one aspect of Huang Tingjian's poetry theory, which has not had a great influence on outstanding poets in Jiangxi poetry school. Another aspect of Huang Tingjian's poetry theory is to ask the poet to strive for "getting married and starting a career" on the basis of hard work and mastering artistic skills, get rid of the shackles of skills, and reach the highest artistic realm of "no axe and chisel marks".
Great! Chen Shidao's poems talk about "learning to be immortal", Han Ju's poems talk about "meditation" and Lv Benzhong's poems talk about "living method", all of which mean "learning before realizing" and "seeking novelty". Because of this, although the members of Jiangxi Poetry School are closely related, their artistic style is not static. Huang Tingjian's poems are new, thin and hard.
□' s poems tend to be lively, while Chen's poems tend to be vigorous, without the shortcoming of "a thousand people have one side". Fu, Han Zhuo and other people with weak talents are quite independent. Therefore, Jiangxi Poetry School is an important link in the development of China classical poetry. His works are an important part of the Song Dynasty, and his artistic style is an important factor in the unique style of the Song Dynasty. His poetic theory also occupies a certain position in the history of China's literary criticism.
At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the influence of Jiangxi Poetry School was very significant. Liu, Wang Zao, Zhang and others were not poets at that time, but they were also deeply influenced by Huang Tingjian. By the Southern Song Dynasty, the influence of Jiangxi Poetry School had spread all over the poetry world. Famous poets such as Yang Wanli, Lu You and Jiang Kui were all influenced by Jiangxi Poetry School in art, and the influence of Jiangxi Poetry School was after the Song Dynasty.
And modern poets with the same light.