Dictation of ancient poetry

Ode to Goose (Tang Dynasty) Robin Wang Goose,No. Goose,No. Goose, Quxiangren. White feathers, floating in green water; The red soles of the feet stir the clear water. The background of the author is Luo (about 640-684), a poet in the Tang Dynasty, who was born in Yiwu, Wuzhou (now Yiwu, Zhejiang). People have a good education when they are young, and they have a poem name when they are young. They are good at seven-character songs and five-character poems, and they are one of the "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty". Annotation interpretation of goose singing: praising goose with poetry. Item: Behind the neck. This refers to the neck. Dialing: the rest of the world. A goose held its head and neck high and sang to the sky. White feathers float leisurely on the green water, and red goose feet paddle clear water waves. Appreciation of Famous Sentences It is said that this little poem was written when Luo was seven years old. The first sentence, with the word goose, tells the children's surprise when they first saw the goose. The next three sentences describe the expression of a goose. The white geese swam leisurely, holding their necks high and shouting, as if they were talking and singing, more like singing to the sky. They swam around in the water, their white bodies floated in the green water, and the red goose feet gently stirred the clear river back and rippled. What a relaxed, happy, free, naive and beautiful picture it is! This is the world in children's eyes, and it is also the beginning of their understanding of life, just like a bird rushing to nature, how happy it is. It makes us realize the childlike innocence and purifies our hearts. Harvest and cut grain in Shen Li. After cutting the grain in the afternoon, sweat dripped down the soil. Who knows that every grain of Chinese food is hard? Understanding: Farmers hoe the ground when the sun is shining at noon, and sweat drops into the soil under the grain one by one. Who knows that the food in the dishes contains hard work and sweat? In the painting, Wang Weiyuan looks at the mountain, but the water is silent. Spring has passed, but there are still many flowers and flowers. People go nearby, but the birds are still not disturbed. Plum blossoms Wang Anshi counted the plum blossoms in the corner, and cold ling opened them alone. I knew from a distance that it wasn't snow, because there was a smell coming. Understanding: There are several Bai Meihua flowers in the corner, which bloom alone in the cold winter. From a distance, it looks like snow on a branch, but I know it's not snow, because there is a fragrance floating from there. Thinking that the foot of Li Bai's bed is so bright at night, will it have frost? . I looked up at the moon and looked down, feeling nostalgic. Understanding: When the bright moonlight shines on the bed, "I" suspect that there is frost on the ground. Looking up at the moon, I can't help but bow my head and miss my hometown. Wang Zhihuan heron lodge, the mountains cover the day, and the sea drains the golden river. Climb another floor to see a thousand miles of further understanding: climb the stork tower and look up, only to see a touch of sunset sinking against the rolling mountains, and the Yellow River roaring towards the sea. If you want to see all the scenery in faraway places, you must go to by going up one flight of stairs. Fude Guyuan Grass Farewell (Tang Dynasty) Bai Juyi crossed the plain and came and went with the four seasons. Wildfire can't burn it out, but the spring breeze can revive it. Weeds and wild flowers are all over the ancient road, and the end of the grass in the sun is your journey. I once again sent my bosom friend, and the thick grass represented my deep affection. Meng Haoran, this spring morning, I woke up easily, and birds were singing everywhere. But now I remember that night, that storm, I wonder how many flowers were broken? Understanding: The climate is warm in spring and you sleep soundly at night. Unconsciously, it was already very bright. When I woke up in the morning, I heard a clear birdsong outside. I remember hearing the wind and rain at night, and I don't know how many flowers were blown down by the wind and rain. Li Bai can reach a height of 100 feet in the dangerous building of the overnight mountain temple, and he can reach for the stars with his hands. Standing here, I dare not speak loudly for fear of disturbing the gods in the sky. Fan Zhongyan, a fisherman on the river, loves the beauty of perch. You see a lonely boat, troubled by the storm. Understanding: People coming and going on the river only like the delicious taste of perch. Look at those poor fishermen, who are driving their boats up and down in the big wind and waves. Jia Dao, when I asked your student under a pine tree, he left a note: "My teacher went to collect medicine". However, through these clouds, how can I know which corner of the mountain it is facing? . Understood: Songlin asked his apprentice that the master had gone out to collect medicine. Although in this deep mountain, I don't know where it is. Su Shi, the title Xilin wall, see the side peak of the ridge, with different heights. I can't recognize the true face of Lushan Mountain because I am there. Understanding: Looking sideways is a continuous mountain, while looking sideways is a steep mountain peak. Looking at Lushan Mountain from different angles, its face is different. Why can't you recognize the true face of Lushan Mountain? Just because you are here. Looking at Lushan Waterfall, Li Bai's Rizhao incense burner gives off purple smoke, and looks at thousands of waterfalls. On the high cliff, it seems to be thousands of feet high, which makes people think that the Milky Way has fallen from heaven to earth. Understanding: Purple clouds rise in the sun in Xianglu Mountain, which looks like a river hanging in front of the mountain from a distance. The waterfall fell from thousands of feet, making people suspect that the Milky Way fell from the sky. Tu Mu, a mountain walker, is far away in Hanshan. Stop and sit in the maple forest late, and the frost leaves are red in February flowers. Understanding: In the high mountain in late autumn, there is a winding stone road. Where there are white clouds floating on the mountain, you can vaguely see someone's house. I stopped the car because I like the maple trees in this evening. The frosted maple leaves are redder than the flowers in spring. Sleeping at Jiande River Meng Haoran When my boat was sailing in the fog, the days were getting shorter and the memories of the old days began. The vastness of the wilderness is deeper than trees, and the moon is very close to the moon. Understanding: "I" docked my boat on the edge of a foggy continent. In this dusk, I can't help but evoke a new kind of sadness. Yuan Yekong. Looking around, the sky in the distance is lower than the trees nearby, and the river is clear. Looking down, the round moon is so close to me. There seems to be no one on Wang Weikong Mountain in zhài Lu, but I think I heard a voice. The shadow of the sunset shone into the depths of the forest, and the scenery on the moss was pleasant. Bai Juyi in Mujiang River is covered by sunset, half river is rustling and half river is red. The loveliest thing is the ninth day of September. The bright pearl's bright crescent moon is shaped like a bow. Ode to Mujiang is one of Bai Juyi's "miscellaneous poems". The characteristic of these poems is that they recite one thing one by one and sing their true and natural feelings one by one. The poet chose two groups of scenery to describe the period from the setting of the sun to the rising of the new moon. The first two sentences are about the river at sunset. "A sunset is spreading in the water". The sunset shines on the river, but it means "spreading" instead of "taking pictures". This is because Sunset is close to the horizon and almost touches the ground. It really seems to be "paved" on the river, which is very vivid. The word "shop" is also gentle, which says the softness of autumn sunset, giving people a cordial and leisurely feeling. "Half the river is rustling, half the river is red", the weather is clear and windless, the river flows slowly, and there are tiny ripples on the river. The part that receives more light shows "red"; Where there is little light, there is dark blue. The poet grasped the two colors on the river, but showed the scene that the river was sparkling at dusk and the color changed rapidly in the sunset. The poet was intoxicated and put his happiness in the description of the scenery. The last two sentences are about the night scene when the new moon rises. The poet lingered until the early moon rose, the cool dew fell and a better realm appeared in front of him. The poet leaned over and looked at it: Hehe, the grass by the river is covered with crystal dew. Dewdrops on the green grass look like pearls embedded in it! With the metaphor of "real pearl", not only the roundness of dew is written, but also the luster of dew shining under the new moon. Look up again: a crescent moon rises, just like hanging a delicate bow in the blue sky! The poet condensed two scenes in heaven and earth into a poem-"Dew is like a pearl, and the moon is like a bow". From the crescent moon bent like a bow, the author remembered that it was "the third night of September", and could not help but blurt out his lovely praise for it, expressing his feelings directly, pushing his feelings to a climax and causing waves in his poems. What a harmonious and peaceful artistic conception the poet created by describing the two visual images of "dew" and "moon"! With such a novel and ingenious metaphor, it is amazing to describe and color nature in detail. There seems to be a lack of time connection between describing the sunset river and praising the moon dew, but the night on the third day of September virtually connects time, with the dusk above and the dewdrop moon below, which means that the poet enjoys the moon from dusk until it is exposed, which contains the poet's joy and love for nature. This poem was written by Bai Juyi on his way to Hangzhou as a secretariat in the second year of Changqing (822). At that time, politics was dark, and the struggle between Niu and Li was fierce. The poet tasted the taste of being an official and asked to go abroad. This poem reflects the poet's relaxed and happy mood after leaving the court. What I saw in the tour was all sung casually, with a fresh and natural style, which gave people a beautiful enjoyment after reading it. I miss my brothers in Shandong on vacation in the mountains. Wang Wei is a stranger and misses his relatives every holiday. When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me. Understanding: I am alone in a foreign country, in a strange place, without friends, and feel lonely. Whenever I have a holiday, I will miss my family more. I am in a distant place, thinking that my brothers must climb very high. My brothers stood with cowans, and I was the only one missing. (Tang Dynasty) He Biyu was made into a tapestry with a tree height and thousands of strands of moss hanging down. I don't know who cut the thin leaves, but the spring breeze in February is like scissors. The hedges of Yang Wanli in Xugong Hall in the new city are scattered all the way, and the flowers on the trees are not shaded. The child ran quickly to catch the yellow butterfly, but the butterfly suddenly flew into the vegetable garden and could not be found again. [Note] 1. Xugong Store in Xinshi: Place Name. 2. Hedging down: fence. 3. Path: Path. 4. Yin: The leaves are lush and dense. 5. hurry: run. [Analysis] This is a poem describing the rural scenery in late spring, which gives us a picture of children flapping butterflies in spring. The first two sentences, "the hedge is sparse and deep, and the flowers on the tree head are not shaded", point out the background of children catching butterflies. There are sparse fences and deep paths here. There are some trees near the fence, and the petals are falling from the branches one by one, and the young leaves are not yet turbid. Fences and paths point out that this is the countryside; "Flowers fall before they turn cloudy" and "cauliflower" in the sentence indicate that it is late spring season. The last two sentences, "Children chase after Huang Die and fly into cauliflower, and there is nowhere to be found", turn the crayon to the center of the picture and depict the happy scene of children catching butterflies. "Catch up" and "catch up" mean to run fast and catch up quickly. These two verbs are very vivid, vividly depicting children's innocent and lively, curious and competitive manner and psychology. And "flying into cauliflower is nowhere to be found" will suddenly turn the moving lens into stillness. The word "nowhere to be found" left readers room for imagination and aftertaste, as if a child who was at a loss in the face of a golden cauliflower appeared in front of us. This poem is simple, natural and vivid by using the technique of line drawing. Yang Wanli is an honest official. He was once hated by traitors. After being removed from office, he lived in a village for a long time. He is very familiar with rural life, and his description of nature is really touching. This park is not worth visiting. (Song) Ye Shaoweng should pity his fangs and seal the moss, but Xiao Kou Chai Fei can't open for a long time. But this spring spring, after all, can't be caged. Look, there is a pink apricot sticking out of the wall. Early release of Baidicheng (Tang Dynasty) Li Bai bid farewell to Baidicheng and returned to Jiangling in a day. The cries of apes on both sides of the strait are still unconsciously crowing in their ears, and the canoe has passed the heavy green hills. Du Fu in Tang Dynasty, two orioles singing green willows, and a group of egrets flying into the sky. My window framed the snow-covered western hills. My door often says "goodbye" to the eastbound ships —— Du Fu (7 12-770), a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty in Henan Province, is as famous as Li Bai and is known as a "poet saint". His poems profoundly reflected the social life at that time and were called "the history of poetry". His poetic style is gloomy, simple and popular, and has far-reaching influence. This poem "Jueju" was written when the poet lived in Huanhuaxi Caotang, Chengdu, and described the beautiful spring scenery around the Caotang. A large number of color adjectives are used in the poem, such as "yellow", "emerald", "white" and "cyan", which make the picture colorful and show the beautiful scenery in spring. Through the description of the vibrant spring scenery in the poem, we can easily understand the cheerful feelings hidden between the lines of the poet. The shepherd boy in Yuan Mei rides a yellow ox and sings loudly. Suddenly want to catch the song of the tree, immediately stop singing and stand by the tree silently. [Note] Yes, yes. Catch, catch. Ming, call. Talking about the shepherd boy riding leisurely on the back of the cow. He sang folk songs, and his sonorous voice echoed in the Woods. A shepherd boy refers to a child who tends cattle. The meaning of vibration and shock shows that the shepherd boy's song is loud and clear. Yue, refers to the shade of trees on the roadside. Children Fishing (Tang Dynasty) A little boy with thick hair in Hu Lingneng learned to draw a bow and sat beside him with raspberry-like moss. Hearing the voice of passers-by, the child waved, afraid to disturb the fish and dare not respond to passers-by. Koike (Song) Yang Wanli's eyes are silent and pity the trickle, and the shade of the tree shines on the water and loves sunny and soft. The delicate lotus flower bud shows a sharp corner from the water, and a naughty little dragonfly stands on its head. Silkworm girl 1 [Song] Zhang Yu 2 entered the city yesterday and 3 returned with tears. (4) Those covered by Luo Qi (6) are not sericulturists. Note ① Silkworm girl-a woman who raises silkworms. Silkworm, an insect, spits silk as an important textile raw material, which is mainly used for spinning silks and satins. ② Zhang Yu, a poet in the Song Dynasty. The year of birth and death is unknown. Few words are stupid. Yi Zhou Pixian (now Pixian, Sichuan) people. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in Qingcheng Mountain, Sichuan, calling himself Mr. Baiyun. His works include White Clouds. (3) the city-doing business, buying and selling goods. This refers to selling silk. Towels-handkerchiefs or other small pieces of cloth are used for wiping. All over the body ⑥ Luo Qi-the floorboard of silk fabrics. Luo, plain or thin silk. Silk fabrics with patterns or patterns. In poetry, it refers to clothes made of silk. A woman who lives in the countryside and raises silkworms for a living went to the city to sell silk yesterday. When she came back, she was in tears, and the sad tears even soaked the towel. Because the people she saw wearing beautiful silk clothes in the city were not silkworm farmers who worked as hard as her! Not many people appreciate Zhang Yu's poems, but this "Silkworm Girl" has made him occupy a place on the big stage of China's classical poetry. Silkworm Girl, written in the Northern Song Dynasty, is full of satire and criticism of the society at that time. At that time, the feudal court, while wasting too much, compromised with foreign enemies, which increased the burden on the people and made life miserable. In this context, the poet described the experience of an ordinary woman who worked all day and didn't often go to town. She has been raising silkworms and selling silk for a living in poor rural areas. The whole poem is like telling a story: a woman went to town yesterday to sell silk, but she came back crying. Because she saw that people in silk clothes in the city were rich and powerful. Working people like her, even if they have raised silkworms all their lives, are unable to put on the "Luo Qi" ... This poem reveals the unreasonable reality that rulers get something for nothing, which is very convincing. There is no comment or profound association in the whole poem, but readers can easily feel the actual meaning of the poem and the poet's thoughts and feelings between the lines. Ancient poems fully showed the author's dissatisfaction with the society at that time and expressed his deep sympathy for the working people. Tao Zhe May Yao Chen made all the dirt in front of the door, and there were no tiles on the house. A rich man lives in a tile-roofed building without touching mud. [Note] ① Pottery: One who cooks pottery. Pottery: A vessel made of clay. Scale: The tiles on the house overlap, just like fish scales. Mansion: A tall house. [Explanation] The first two sentences and the last two sentences of this poem describe the completely different lives of two kinds of people: the laborer is exploited to the fullest, and the rich get something for nothing. The poet exposed and condemned this unreasonable phenomenon through sharp contrast. On the way to Yangzhou, the Yellow Crane Tower bid farewell to Meng Haoran (Tang Dynasty). Li Bai's old friend stayed in the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, and fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March. Sailing alone in the blue sky, I can see the Yangtze River flowing in the sky. To Wang Lun (Tang Dynasty), Bai was about to take a boat when he heard singing on the shore. Even if the Peach Blossom Pond is deep, it is not as deep as Wang Lun's sending away my love. A night-mooring near maple bridge (Tang Dynasty), on a frosty night, Jiang Feng fished and slept. In the lonely Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou, the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship. Dengguazhou (Song Dynasty) Wang Anshi Jingkou Guazhou is a water room, and Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains. Jiang Nanan spring breeze is green, when will the bright moon shine on me? When Shi Er (Song) Lu You died, he knew that everything was empty, but he looked at Kyushu sadly. Therefore, when the great Song Jun team recaptures the Central Plains, you will hold a home banquet ceremony. Don't forget to tell me the good news! (Tang) Liu Zongyuan's "Hundreds of Mountains Without Birds, Thousand Paths Without Footprints". A boat on the river, a fisherman wearing his webworm moth; Fishing alone is not afraid of snow and ice. Liu Tang, the owner of Furong Mountain who stayed in the snow, was far away at dusk, with cold weather and poor houses. Chai Men heard dogs barking and went home on a snowy night. Liu Changqing (709-780) is an important poet in the early Tang Dynasty. His works are mainly in five words, describing personal life and natural scenery with high artistic skills, and his poetic style is famous for being neat and beautiful. This poem is the masterpiece of Liu Changqing's landscape poems. The poet sketched a picture of a mountain village in the twilight snow with a few strokes, and told the story of staying on a snowy night in the journey without rendering, but the meaning was tortuous and profound. At first, there was a group of still lives. As the sun sets, Cangshan is faint. In the empty Shan Ye, there is only one hut standing in the snow. The poet had a hard journey. When he got into Chai Men in the snowstorm, he suddenly brought a warm breath. Cangshan, snowstorm, Baijia, Chai Men, and distinguished people have distinct levels, scattered far and near, and colorful colors, which constitute an elegant map of tourists on a snowy night. In the early spring of Hanyu Tianjie, the rain is crisp, the grass color is almost far away, and the most spring is full, which is definitely better than the smoke willow of the imperial city. Among the three roads, there are several plums in Huangshi, and the sun is shining high, but the stream is dry, but it is on foot. The shade ⑤ does not decrease ⑤ the route, and the oriole ⑤ adds four or five sounds. Note ① Sanqu Road: On the way to Sanquzhou. Sanqu is Quzhou, now Quxian County, Zhejiang Province, named after Sanqu Mountain. ② Plum Huang Shi: May is the season when plums are ripe. ③ The stream overflows: Take a boat to the end of the stream. A stream, a small river ditch. Pam, by boat. End, end. ④ Mountain tourism: Re-take the mountain road. However, the meaning of again. 5 shade: light shade. A shady tree. 6. Not less: not less, almost. ⑦ oriole: oriole. In the season when plums are ripe, the sun shines every day. I took a boat to the end of the stream and then took the mountain road. The green shade is similar to the situation on the road, except for a few crisp orioles in the forest. Author's brief introduction Zeng (1084- 1 166) was born in Ganzhou (now Ganxian County, Jiangxi Province) and later moved to Luoyang, Henan Province, a poet in the Song Dynasty. Successively in Jiangxi and western Zhejiang, Qin Gui refused for advocating anti-gold. After the formal application of the service system. He has patriotic thoughts and is the teacher of the patriotic poet Lu You. His poetry style is comely, natural, lively and light. He is the author of Chashan Collection. This is a seven-character quatrain to remember the scenery. What the author saw and heard in Sanqu Mountain Road in May described the beautiful scenery of the mountainous areas in western Zhejiang and expressed the poet's relaxed and happy mood. The first sentence explains the characteristics of seasons and climate. "Plum is yellow and sunny", Huang's late spring and early summer, plum. The sun is shining this season. The second sentence explains the whereabouts. "When the flow is exhausted, the mountain will go." I took a boat to the end of the river ditch and walked along the mountain road. This sentence is plain, but it depicts a beautiful picture. The word "hiking" leads to three or four sentences of scenery description. Three or four sentences are written in the shade, and the orioles chirp. "The shade does not reduce the road, but adds four or five orioles." These two sentences, followed by the second sentence, express the poet's feelings about what he saw and heard on Quzhou Road. What is displayed in front of readers is the shade that covers the sky. full of green is extremely cool, and the sound of orioles is even more pleasing to the eye. Here, the clear cry of the oriole highlights the silence of the mountain forest, and expresses the poet's happy mood by writing green shade and oriole. In this poem, the first sentence emphasizes "sunny", the second sentence focuses on "walking", the third and fourth sentences compare mountain walking with flooding, the third sentence focuses on shade, and the fourth sentence highlights oriole, which is the characteristic of mountain walking. In the poem, the author describes the quiet scenery in early summer and the relaxed and happy mood when hiking in the mountains. In the faint moonlight, wild geese are flying, and the leader of the Tatars is fleeing in the dark. I was about to lead the light cavalry to catch up when the snow fell full of bows and knives. [Note] 1. Xiasaige: Ancient frontier fortress military songs. 2. Moonlight: There is no moonlight. 3. Khan: Xiongnu leader. This refers to the supreme commander of the invaders. 4. escape: escape. 5. Will: Leadership. 6. Qingqi: Qingqi and Fast Cavalry. 7.11: Catch up. [Analysis] This is the third poem of Lu Xun's Xia Sai Qu group. Lu Lun used to be a marshal judge of the shogunate, and he had a good understanding of the life of soldiers. Poetry describing this life is more substantial and powerful in style. This poem is about the heroic feat of the general preparing to lead his troops in pursuit of the enemy on a snowy night. The first two sentences are about the enemy fleeing. "In the bright moonlight, geese are soaring", and the moon is covered by clouds and dark. Su Yan started up and flew high. "Chief Tatar fled in the dark". On this unusual night with high black wind, the enemy sneaked away. "Khan" originally refers to the supreme ruler of Xiongnu, and here refers to the invaders of Qidan and other nationalities who often invaded the south at that time. The last two sentences describe the general preparing to chase the enemy, which is unusual. "And we chase it, and the horse is lightly burdened." The general found that the enemy had absconded and wanted to lead the light cavalry to pursue it; Just as we were about to leave, there was a heavy snow, and in an instant the bow and knife were covered with snowflakes. The last sentence "and the burden of snow on our bows and swords" is a description of the cold scene, highlighting the hardships of fighting and the brave spirit of soldiers. This poem blends scenes. The enemy troops fled in the scene of "wild geese flying in the bright moonlight", and the general was prepared to pursue them in the scene of "snow burden on our bow and our sword". The atmosphere of running away and chasing is effectively rendered. The whole poem does not describe the process of chasing the enemy in the snow, nor does it directly describe the fierce battle scenes, but it leaves a very rich imagination space for people. About the author: Lu Lun (748-800) was born in Hebangpu (now Yongji County, Shanxi Province). Poets in Tang Dynasty. Before going out, Du Fu took the bow as strength and the arrow as length. Shooters should shoot horses, and leaders should catch their leaders. There is a limit to killing people, and all countries have national boundaries. If you can control your aggression, you will kill more. [Comment]: This poem sets metaphors step by step, talks about truth at different levels, expresses the poet's views on war and reflects the people's desire to oppose war and love peace.