1862~ 1922)
Japanese novelist, critic and translator.
Real name is forest taro, No.1 gull, owner of tide-watching building, and history of gull fishing. Born in1July 9, 862, a family of attending doctors in Lujin County, Ishinomaki City, Japan. I received a good education in Chinese studies, Sinology and Lan Xue (western learning introduced to Japan from Holland after the middle of Edo period). 1882 graduated from the medical school of Tokyo University I and served as a military doctor. /kloc-went to Germany to study in 0/884, dabbled extensively in European classics, and was deeply influenced by Schopenhauer and Hartmann's idealism. Hartman's aesthetic thought became the theoretical basis of his later literary creation. From 65438 to 0888, he returned to China and worked as an instructor, principal, army medical director and army medical director in a military medical school. In his later years, he served as president of the Palace Museum and the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts. 1922 65438+1October19 died.
Mori Yoshiro returned from studying abroad and started his literary activities as an enlightener. He translated the works of famous western writers, such as Goethe, Lessing and Ibsen. At the same time, he founded literary publications such as Graffiti, introduced western aesthetic theory, carried out literary criticism, and devoted himself to drama improvement and poetry innovation, which had a great influence in modern Japanese literature. The first novel Dancer, published in 1890, is regarded as the pioneer of Japanese romantic literature, together with his Bubble and Messenger. The heroine of Dancing Girl is a young Japanese official studying in Germany. In pursuit of individuality liberation and pure love, he once fell in love with a poor German dancer, but under the pressure of Japanese autocratic bureaucrats and feudal morality, he finally abandoned her, resulting in a love tragedy. The work reflects the contradiction between the requirement of personality liberation and social reality, but finally compromises with reality. It is generally considered to be a masterpiece of Japanese modern literature in its early days.
19 10 or so, Mori Yoshiro wrote novels about modern life, such as Youth and Wild Goose. "Wild Goose" is a work with high artistic achievements created by the author during this period, describing a poor girl who became the mistress of a usurer during the Meiji period. She is eager to get rid of this humiliating situation and has a crush on a college student who passes by the door every day. However, due to an accidental reason, she lost the opportunity to express her love, and her efforts to pursue happiness eventually went up in smoke. The author wrote an ordinary woman's misfortune with sympathy, but attributed it to an accidental prank, and finally symbolized her fate with a goose that happened to be killed by a flying stone. Japanese critics believe that the psychological description of the works is exquisite, and the characters and scenes are lifelike.
19 10, the Japanese government created the so-called "rebellion", strengthened the autocratic rule over the ideological and cultural circles, and Mori Yoshiro began to turn to the creation of historical novels. He divided his historical novels into "following history" and "leaving history". The former is based entirely on historical materials, while the latter relies on history.
Describe events to express the author's ideals and beliefs. The first historical novel, the suicide note of Uemon in the Five Years of Jin Dynasty, praised the martyrdom of the brave. The short story "Abe Family" written on the same theme objectively attacked this feudal moral behavior. The Abe family is not allowed.
The feudal lords were discriminated against because of martyrdom, and eventually the house was killed, which exposed the hypocrisy, decay and inhumanity of the feudal martyrdom system. These two works with different tendencies reflect the contradiction of the author's world outlook. The short story Takase Ship belongs to what the author calls a historical novel "divorced from history". The work is about a prisoner telling his experiences on a prisoner's boat. His brother was tortured by poverty and illness, but he didn't kill himself. He helped his brother to end his life at his brother's pleading, so he was convicted and exiled. He thought that the prisoner's life was better than his original situation, so he accepted it frankly, further revealing the miserable life of the people at the bottom of society during the feudal shogunate period.
In his later years, the author buried himself in the textual research of historical materials, and also wrote several biographies, such as "Zhazhai on the Sejiang River". Most of the characters are scholars who concentrate on academics and don't care about the world, which shows the author's attempt to get rid of the secular mentality in his later years.
Sen Gai's works focus on his ethics and morality, reflecting the ideological contradictions of the upper intellectuals in Meiji period. The early works were beautifully written and lyrical. Most later works, especially historical novels, often adopt a cold and objective style.
Japanese writer, critic and translator. Real name forest taro, alias gull fishing history and so on. 1862 19 years 10/9, born in Ishinomaki (now Shimane Prefecture), is a family of attending doctors, 1922 19 years 10 months/. Learn Chinese studies from an early age. The teenager went to Tokyo with his father to study German and was admitted to the Faculty of Medicine of Tokyo University. 188 1 After graduation, he served as a military doctor in the War Department. 1884 was sent by the war department to study in Germany. After studying abroad for four years, I came into contact with a large number of western classical literary works and studied Hartman's philosophical and aesthetic works. At the beginning of his return to China, he founded a critical magazine, Caozhi, published a translated collection of poems, Face Shadow, and successively published German life trilogy such as Dancing Maid, Bubble Story and Messenger. These three works are regarded as pioneers of fresh romantic literature. Dancer describes the unfortunate love affair between a Japanese youth studying in Berlin and a German dancer in a lyrical style, which reflects the contradiction between personality liberation, free love and social reality and the helplessness of the awakened soul to surrender to reality. It is generally believed that this work is the representative work of Mori Yoshiro and Japanese romantic literature. 1899, Mori Yoshiro was transferred to Kokura as the Minister of Military Medicine, temporarily suspended writing, but continued to translate Andersen's autobiographical novel The Impromptu Poet. 1907 was promoted to director of military medicine and medical director of the war department. From 65438 to 0909, the rise of naturalism in Japanese literary world and Natsume Sosuke's active creation aroused Mori Yoshiro's creative desire. He quickly wrote a number of modern novels, such as Half a Day, Sex Life, Youth and Wild Goose. The most successful one is Wild Goose, which symbolizes the tragic fate of the heroine with a wild goose hit by a flying stone and implies that this woman is the mistress of a usurer.
19 10 years later, Mori Yoshiro turned his writing to historical novels. 19 12, the historical novel "Xing Jin Mi Wu Wei's suicide note" came out, and the following year he wrote "Abe Family". Both works choose the theme of martyrdom, but the former praises martyrdom, while the latter denies martyrdom system through Abe's tragic experience of not being martyred as a minister. 19 16' s "Takase Ship" takes the Tokugawa era as the historical background, discusses the problems of contentment and euthanasia, and objectively shows the tragic situation of the lower classes in the shogunate period. In his later years, Mori Yoshiro mainly devoted himself to the writing of historical novels, including Zhazhai on the Sejiang River.
Mori Yoshiro is a pioneer of modern Japanese literature. His contributions to novels, criticism and translation have influenced generations of new literary figures.
Mori Yoshiro (1862 ——1922) wrote a book "Picked up in Cold Mountain" at the age of 54. He once wrote an article about his motivation for writing this book. His children couldn't understand the Chinese version of Cold Mountain Picked Up, but they wanted to know something about them, so he tried his best. In fact, I'm afraid the root cause is that the poem "Cold Mountain Picked Up" was very popular at that time and has become a household name throughout the ages. Because many poems in "Cold Mountain Picked Up" are about Zen, Japanese Zen monks can not only read, but also study and explain. Lin Jizong still advocates this trend, and Bai Yin's Hanshan Poetry has become a model of research. Hanshan's poems have been circulated in China for a long time. The Preface to Hanshanzi's Poems is an important basis for understanding Hanshan's life. There is an article "Hanshanzi" in Volume 55 of Taiping Guangji, which records his short life. In fact, it refers to the Taoist book Fairy Collection after Tang Xiantong (860-874) in the Northern Song Dynasty and before Taiping (1021-kloc-0/031), which was later adapted by later generations under the names of Xiaoguo Temple and Hanshan Temple. Since then, Hanshanzi Poetry Collection has become a Buddhist classic. After it was introduced to Japan, it was as widely circulated as Selected Poems of Tang Poetry. Hanshan's poems are easy to understand and full of Zen. For example, "I was stupid before I died, but I realized it for today." If I were so poor today, I would have been working all my life. Not in this life, nor in the next life. There are no boats on both sides of the strait, so it is difficult to help each other. " Another song: "if you want to know the oath of life and death, it is better than ice water, water becomes ice, and ice turns into water." When you die, you live, and when you live, you die. Ice and water do not hurt each other, and life and death are mutually committed. " Mori Yoshiro also compared himself to Manjusri Bodhisattva (Hanshan is said to be the incarnation of Manjusri Bodhisattva). This vague joke not only shows his understanding of Hanshan, but also shows that he also has a bodhisattva heart and the idea that "if you want to settle down, Hanshan can last for a long time", enviing the origin of a Buddhist.
References:
/question/ 19589472.html？ si=5，/f？ kz= 10786783