No one can be seen in the silent valley, only the voice is heard.
The shadow of the sunset shone into the depths of the forest, and the scenery on the moss was pleasant.
This is the fourth of Wang Wei's twenty poems, a masterpiece of landscape poetry in his later period. Chai Lu (Zhai Cun) is the place name of Wangchuan. This poem depicts the quiet scenery of empty mountains and deep forests near Chai Lu in the evening. The first sentence, "There seems to be no one on the empty mountain", first describes the empty mountain positively. Wang Wei seems to like to use the word "empty mountain" especially, but in different poems, the realm it expresses is different. "Empty mountain after rain, beginning of autumn evening" ("Mountain in Autumn Night") focuses on the clear autumn mountain after rain; "Sweet-scented osmanthus falls when people are idle, and the night is quiet and the spring mountain is empty" ("Bird Watching Creek") focuses on expressing the tranquility and beauty of the spring mountain at night; There seems to be no one on the empty mountain. On the other hand, the focus is on the emptiness and cold of the mountain. Because no one went to see it, this vacuum-free mountain seemed empty to the poet, just like the earth in ancient times. "Seeing no one" embodies the meaning of "empty mountain". If you only look at the first sentence, you may feel normal, but it is unexpected that "there seems to be no one on the empty mountain" is followed by "but I think I heard a voice" The word "but smell" is quite interesting. Under normal circumstances, although the silent empty mountain "does not see people", it is not silent. The chirping of birds, the chirping of insects, the rustling of the wind and the gurgling of water are intertwined, and the sounds of nature are actually very colorful. Now, however, all this is silent: there are only occasional voices, but no one is there (because the mountains are deep and the forests are dense). This "human voice" seems to break the "silence" In fact, it is a partial and temporary "ring", which reflects the overall and long-term emptiness. The more empty the valley, the more empty it is; The more people talk in an empty mountain, the lonelier they are. After the voice sounded, the empty mountain returned to the realm of silence; And because people's voices sounded just now, the sense of emptiness at this time is more prominent. Describe the empty mountains from the above three or four sentences and then describe the deep mountains and forests, from sound to color. The depths of the forest are already dark, and the moss under the trees in the forest highlights the lack of sunshine in the depths of the forest. Although silence and darkness are related to hearing and vision respectively, they often belong to the same category in people's general impression, so silence and tranquility are often linked. According to Nature, when writing about the darkness in the deep forest, we should focus on describing that it can't see the sun, but these two sentences are specially written into the deep forest and reflected on the moss. At first glance, you will feel that this oblique glow brings a ray of light to the depths of the dark forest, a little warmth to the moss in the forest, or a little business to the whole forest. But if you appreciate it carefully, you will feel that no matter the author's subjective intention or the objective effect of the work, it is just the opposite. Blind darkness sometimes makes people unaware of its darkness, but when a touch of afterglow shines into the dark forest, mottled shadows are reflected on the moss under the tree, and the sharp contrast between that small piece of light and shadow and the boundless darkness makes the darkness in the forest more prominent. In particular, this kind of "dead light" is not only weak, but also short-lived. After a touch of afterglow disappears in an instant, it is followed by a long darkness. If we say a word or two, there is a sound contrast between silence and silence; Then three or four sentences are about fighting darkness with light. The whole poem is like mixing a little warm color into most pictures that use cool color: in this way, the impression of cool color is more prominent. Static beauty and magnificence are two types of beauty in nature, and there is no distinction between elegance and lightness. However, the quietness is almost ethereal, and the seclusion is slightly cold, which shows the unhealthy side of the author's aesthetic taste. Similarly, the writing about "empty mountain" also focuses on the expression of quiet beauty. Autumn Night in a Mountain is brightly colored, and there is a peaceful and quiet atmosphere floating in the quiet tone, which contains lively vitality; Although Bird Song Jian describes the tranquility of Spring Mountain, the overall artistic conception is not deserted and ethereal. The clear glow of the moon, the fragrance of osmanthus and the singing of mountain birds all have the breath of spring and the tranquility of the night. However, Chai Lu is inevitably cold and empty, although it is not lonely. Wang Wei is a poet, painter and musician. This poem is a reflection of poetry. The combination of painting and music. Silent, dark and dark, it is easy for ordinary people to perceive; But silence with sound and darkness with light are less noticed. The poet is interested in color because of his unique painter and musician. The sensitivity of the voice only captures the unique quiet realm shown by the voice of the empty mountain people and the sudden return of the deep forest. This sensitivity is inseparable from his careful observation and concentration on nature.
Baishitan
The clear and shallow white stone beach is as green as a stalk.
Living in water, under the bright moon.
This poem is one of Wang Wei's Wangchuan Collection, which describes the moonlit scenery of Baishitan. It's refreshing and interesting. Baishitan is a shoal formed by a piece of white stone beside the river, and it is one of the 20 famous scenic spots in Wangchuan. Wang Wei's landscape poems attach great importance to the light and color of the scenery. This poem is about the light and hints of a moonlit night. By depicting the scenery immersed in the moonlight, it means that the moonlight is bright and bright. For example, in the first two sentences, "Qing shallow white stone beach: green cattails are coming", the water on the beach, the rocks at the bottom of the water and the cattails in the water are all picturesque. Why can you see so clearly at night? Isn't this a hint of moonlight brightness? Only when the moon is bright and the water penetrates the beach can the water be clear, the beach be shallow and the underwater stones be white. Not only that, from the bottom covered with white stones to the clear and transparent water surface, you can clearly see the green cattails growing inside-they are so fat and tender that they can be picked almost all over the floor by hand. What is particularly noteworthy here is a "green" word: when the light is slightly weak, green will be dark; You can see its green color, which means that the moonlight is particularly bright. The moon is bright, the water is clear, the grass is green and the stone is white, which set each other off and give people a very distinct visual experience. The first two sentences are static scenery descriptions. In the last two sentences, the author adds moving characters to Baishitan, which makes the whole picture full of life. "Born in water, alkane yarn under the bright moon" is about a group of girls, some living in Shuidong and some living in Shuixi. They took advantage of the moonlit night to wash clothes and wool at Baishitan. What attracted them? Isn't it the bright moon? This implies the brightness of the moonlight through the actions of the characters. This writing is quite similar to "Birds in the Mountain Surprise the Moon" in Birds in the Stream. The artistic conception of this poem is similar to "moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream" in the autumn night in the deep mountains. There are similarities between hanger-on's Returning to Bamboo and Lotus Leaves before Fishing Boat, but they are different from those lonely poems in Wangchuan Bieji. It is full of life and shows a natural and pure beauty, which also depends on the poet's pursuit of this natural and pure beauty.
House of Bamboo
I leaned alone in the dense bamboo, playing the piano and humming a song.
It's too light for anyone to hear, except my partner, Mingyue.
This little poem consists of four sentences. Take it apart: there is neither touching scenery nor touching love; I can't find which word is poetic eye, and I hate to say which word is warning. In describing the scenery in the poem, only six words are used to form three words, namely "secluded place", "deep forest" and "bright moon". For the moon that shines on the earth, there is nothing new and ingenious about using the word "Ming" to describe its brightness. It's a common saying. As for the first sentence "Huang" and the third sentence "Lin", they are actually the same thing, both of which repeat the bamboo forest where the poet lives, adding the words "secluded" and "deep" in front of the bamboo forest, but the explanation is neither "three poles and two poles of bamboo" as mentioned in Yu Xin's Xiao Yuan Fu, nor "green hills and bamboos" as mentioned in Liu Zongyuan's poems. Here: It seems that the scene in front of me is written at will, and there is no effort to describe and depict it. When writing about people's activities in poetry, only six words are used to form three words, namely, "sitting alone", "playing the piano" and "whistling". For the characters, they neither describe their ease of playing nor express their feelings; For the piano sound and whistle, I didn't spend any ink to write its timbre and sound. On the surface, the words used in the four poems are unremarkable. But when the four poems are combined together, they have their own advantages and disadvantages, and they contain a special artistic charm. As a masterpiece in Wang Wei's Wang Chuan Bie Ji, its beauty lies in its naturally attractive artistic conception. It does not win with words, but regards beauty as a whole. Its beauty lies in its absence. To appreciate and appreciate its beauty, we should take its appearance as its spirit, and its spirit is contained in the artistic conception. As far as artistic conception is concerned, it not only gives people the feeling of "quiet amorous feelings" ("Sunny Poetry"), but also makes people feel that the scenery in the secluded forest on this moonlit night is so ethereal and clear, during which the piano players are so carefree, the dust settles and the external environment and the inside story are integrated. On the other hand, in language, we can see the flavor from nature, from plain high rhyme. Its natural and simple style beauty and artistic conception beauty complement each other. It is conceivable that the poet met the quiet nature of the bamboo forest and the bright moon itself in a quiet and clear state, and he wrote a book. The formation of poetic artistic conception depends entirely on the consistency between the character's mind and the internal quality of the scenery written, without the help of external hue. Therefore, when I am integrated with things, feelings and scenery, the poet can, as Si Kongtu said in Poetry and Nature, "look down on everything, don't take the neighbors, and go their own way to become spring scenery" and enter the artistic world of "thin words and feelings, leisurely days". Of course, when we say "everything can be found" here, we don't mean that the poet has no choice but to pick up the village. When we say "we want to have a spring" here, we don't mean that the poet didn't make arrangements when he was in charge, holding a pen and listening. The poem describes the surrounding scenery and chooses bamboo forests and bright moons, which is consistent with the quiet and clear environment to be expressed. Express your feelings in poetry, one chooses to play the piano and whistle, and then the other expresses it with the tranquility and clarity of mind. This is both a scene and a thing, and the reason why he wrote this scene and this thing is because he has his mature poetic thoughts. Judging from the combination of the whole poem, the poet wrote a piano and whistle while writing a secluded forest on a moonlit night, expressing tranquility with his voice. As for the unfinished sentence of the poem, it was written in the moonlight: it not only forms a wonderful contrast with the "people don't know" in the previous sentence, but also plays a role in breaking the dark night. The contrast between these sounds and silence, as well as light and shadow, is ingenious and ingenious in arrangement.