Introduction of Yunnan nationalities
Yi: It is the most populous ethnic group in Yunnan, accounting for about 60% of the national Yi population and 27.8% of the provincial minority population. Most of them are relatively concentrated in Chuxiong Autonomous Prefecture, Ailaoshan District of Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Wumeng Mountain and Liangshan area in northwest Yunnan. Yi nationality has a long history, has its own language and writing, and has created a splendid solar calendar culture. They wrote down history, literature, astronomy, medical books and religious classics in Yi language.
Bai nationality: Yunnan's unique ethnic minority, about 75% live in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, and others are scattered in Lijiang and other places. Bai nationality has a long history and developed culture. Since Nanzhao in the Tang Dynasty, Dali, in particular, has become an ancient nation with the same language and culture and similar economic level. Dali has formed a relatively prosperous city in the Yuan Dynasty. Bai architectural culture has a long history.
Hani: A unique minority in Yunnan, mainly living in Ailao Mountain area between the Red River and Lancang River. Hani nationality has a long history, which originated from the mountainous area where the Qiang nationality lived in ancient times, with mild climate and fertile land. Mainly engaged in agriculture, famous for its good terraces.
Dai: A unique ethnic minority in Yunnan Province, who has lived in tropical and subtropical areas of Xishuangbanna and Dehong for generations. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Dai people were in the process of transition from feudal Lord system to feudal local economy. Dai nationality has a long history, and its characters are derived from Sanskrit Pinyin. Bayeux culture is well-known at home and abroad, and Dai people use it to record rich historical legends, religious classics and literary poems. The Dai people basically believe in Hinayana Buddhism, and the pagoda and Buddhist temple are beautifully built, carved and painted.
Yi nationality: a unique minority in Yunnan, living in Nujiang and Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. Mainly engaged in agriculture, before the founding of the People's Republic of China, feudal landlord system, parental slavery and primitive commune system coexisted. Yi people have oral folk songs and long poems, as well as many myths and legends.
Lahu nationality: a unique minority in Yunnan, mainly living in the mountainous areas bordering Myanmar in our province. Lahu folk literature and art are extremely rich, and there are many songs and tunes in the five districts. Traditional musical instruments include Lusheng and Sanxian, and dances include Lusheng Dance.
Wa nationality: a unique minority in Yunnan, is an ancient nation. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, some areas entered the stage of feudal lords' economy. Expressing feelings with things is a reflection of their primitive culture.
Naxi: A unique minority in Yunnan, mainly living in Lijiang. Naxi nationality has a long history and has its own language and writing. About 500 volumes of Dongba Sutra written in hieroglyphics are world-famous living ancient writing materials. Poetry, legends, languages and stories are all rich, and buildings and stone archways with national style have precious artistic value.
Tibetans: Mainly live in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. Tibetans, originally Qiang, are an ancient nomadic people in China. Before the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Tibetan areas in Yunnan basically maintained the feudal serfdom, and practiced the unity of politics and religion and the dictatorship of monks and nuns. In the long process of historical development, people in Xizang has created and accumulated rich literary and artistic heritages, including vast architectural art and Tibetan literature, in which many precious materials such as history, astronomy and medical literature have been preserved.
Jingpo nationality: a unique ethnic minority in Yunnan, mainly living in the high mountain area where Simao and Lincang border with Myanmar and Laos at an altitude of 1500m. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, some were still at the end of primitive society, and some had entered the stage of feudal local economic development.
Pumi: A unique ethnic minority in Yunnan, 90% of them live in the alpine mountainous area with an average elevation of more than 2,500 meters in western Yunnan. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, Israel was in the stage of feudal landlord economy development. Pumi people have their own language, no writing, and both Chinese and Tibetan languages are commonly used. Literature and art are rich and colorful, with a wide range of contents. Poetry, legends, stories, fables, sculptures and paintings all have distinctive national characteristics.
Nu nationality: mainly living in Lushui County and Gongshan Dulong Nu Autonomous County, it is the earliest indigenous people in the area. Before the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Nu society still retained some features of the primitive commune system. Handicrafts made by the Nu people, such as anger blankets, anger bowls and fans, are very famous in the Nu River and Lancang River basins.
Achang nationality: Yunnan's unique ethnic minority, 90% of which is distributed in Longchuan and Lianghe areas. Historically, Achang people accepted the advanced culture of Han people earlier. With the entry of the feudal forces of Han and Dai, the rural commune economy of Achang has also rapidly transformed into a feudal society, and the ruling power is still in the hands of Tusi. Handicraft industry is relatively developed, with many categories, the most famous of which is to strike while the iron is hot.
De 'ang: A unique ethnic minority in Yunnan, mainly living in the border area with Myanmar. De 'ang was originally named Benglong, and changed its name to De 'ang with the approval of the State Council in September, 1985. Most of the bamboo buildings of De 'ang nationality are built on the ridge or at the foot of the mountain surrounded by dense forests and bamboo forests. All kinds of flowers and subtropical fruits are planted in the courtyard, which constitutes a comfortable and beautiful living environment.
Jinuo: A unique minority in Yunnan. Mainly concentrated in Jinghong Jinuo Mountain, before the founding of the People's Republic of China was the end of primitive society. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Jinuo people experienced several historical stages through direct transition, and established the first agricultural production cooperative in 1957, and entered the socialist society.
Dulong: The ethnic group with the smallest population among the endemic ethnic groups in Yunnan, mainly living in Dulong River Basin in Gongshan County, northwest Yunnan bordering Myanmar, uses Dulong language and has no mother tongue. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, slash-and-burn agriculture was the mainstay, and it was still in the disintegration stage of the primitive patriarchal commune. Dulong people like to eat sour bamboo shoots, sauerkraut and sour meat. Music culture is influenced by Dai culture.