The trend of deterioration of my country's ecological environment has been initially contained, and some areas have improved. However, the current environmental situation in my country is still quite severe and not optimistic. The severe environmental situation forces us to make a choice: sustainable development or self-destruction? Below are the materials I have compiled for you to protect the environment. I hope it can help you. Materials to protect the environment
Tips on environmental protection
1. When air pollution in cities and towns is at its heaviest
The degree of air pollution in cities and towns is closely related to the seasonal climate and daily people It is related to daily life activities. Generally, the air is the cleanest and least polluted in summer and autumn, while the air pollution is heaviest in winter and the first two months of spring. During the day, the air is cleaner at noon and afternoon, while the air pollution is heavier in the morning, evening and night. Among them, around 7 pm and 7 am are the peak hours of pollution. When the ground temperature is higher than the air temperature, an inversion layer forms in the sky, pressing down on the ground like a lid, making it difficult for various pollutants to diffuse. Generally, the reverse layer is thicker at night and in winter and spring, which affects the dilution and diffusion of dirty air on the ground, so air pollution is the most serious.
2. Indoor air pollution is the most serious
Environmental experts agree that indoor air pollution is more serious than outdoor air pollution.
According to a Canadian health organization's investigation into some new issues affecting human health, the results show that 68% of the causes are caused by indoor air pollution. An important source of indoor air pollution is human body pollution. People can excrete 25 kinds of toxic substances. Adults exhale 25 liters of carbon dioxide per hour. The human body's perspiration, exhaust, and unclean clothing and food can also cause indoor pollution. Smoking by a small number of people is also an important factor in indoor pollution.
Modern interior decoration, artificial boards, plywood, wallpaper, various coatings, chemical fiber carpets, etc., will release harmful gases such as aldehydes, benzene, and phenols. Indoor office equipment and household appliances can also cause serious indoor pollution. According to German experts, the phenomenon of "poisoning" TV sets must arouse vigilance. Gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and coal burning in the kitchen will also produce a large amount of smoke, oil fume, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides. American environmental scientists found that 11 toxic chemicals have higher concentrations than outdoors, 6 of which are carcinogens.
3. The city with the most serious lead pollution in the world
The city of Schellberg in the western part of the former Federal Republic of Germany is the city with the most serious lead pollution in the world. Stolberg was originally a city with beautiful scenery. In recent years, it has gradually developed into an important non-ferrous metal smelting base in Europe. The city produces 80,000 tons of lead annually. Due to insufficient pollution prevention and control facilities, 18 tons of lead and 400 kilograms of cadmium dust fall on people, livestock and various crops every year, causing serious lead pollution in the entire city. It has been determined that if people living in this city eat 200 grams each of locally produced potatoes and vegetables in one meal, it is equivalent to swallowing about 100 micrograms of lead at the same time. The dose greatly exceeds the 70% limit set by the World Health Organization. microgram limits.
4. The most toxic place in the world
Johns Island in the United States is located about 700 miles southwest of Hawaii. It will become the most toxic place in the world. The island is only 2 miles long and 1.5 miles wide. It is a coral island. There is a "long-standing" nuclear weapons test site on the island. 25,000 barrels of plutonium chemical defoliants and thousands of nerve gas bombs and mustard bombs are buried in the concrete "domestic buildings" on the island. The United States stores them on the island. 12,000 tons of chemical poisons will be destroyed here, which is more than 1/3 of the total chemical weapons in the United States.
5. One of the dirtiest cities in the world
Due to the extremely high population growth rate and rapid industrial development, Cairo, a city with a population of 15 million, has become the dirtiest city in the world. one of the cities. The city has alarming levels of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. Meanwhile, traffic police officers in the city's downtown area also have the highest levels of lead in their blood in the world. Dr. Ema, from Cairo University School of Medicine, conducted research on the impact of air pollution from burning on workers and residents in central Cairo. He estimates that at least 15% to 20% of the population in Cairo suffers from severe respiratory diseases. Air pollution in Cairo is even worse than in Mexico and Los Angeles. According to Egyptian health ministry officials, much of the dust comes either from the desert or from harmful silicates from several cement factories south of Cairo.
6. The noisiest city in the world
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, has become the noisiest city in the world. According to a material recently released by the Brazilian Acoustical Society: the city's noise has reached 85 decibels, and within 4 hours in some areas with the highest car traffic, the noise has reached as high as 93 decibels. Now around the urban area, the noise is increasing at a rate of 1.5 decibels per year, and the noise has reached an intolerable level for local citizens. The World Health Organization believes that a noise level of 55 decibels during the day and 45 decibels at night is considered appropriate.
7. The city with the least environmental pollution
The city with the least environmental pollution today is Reykjavik, the capital of the Republic of Iceland in Europe.
There are more than 100 volcanoes in Iceland, including 24 active volcanoes (according to statistics, there has been an average volcanic eruption every five years in the past century). Due to the frequent activity of volcanoes, Iceland is rich in geothermal resources. There are thousands of hot springs across the country, and the water temperatures are mostly above 90°C. The citizens of the city make full use of geothermal heating and build hot spring thermal energy greenhouses; urban lighting and industrial power use. It generates electricity by relying on hot gas ejected from the ground up to 270°C, resulting in the city of Reykjavik being basically free of black smoke, soot, sulfur dioxide and other pollutants. Of course, vehicle exhaust, industrial dust, and waste gas pollution still exist. What we are talking about is mainly to reduce the environmental pollution caused by burning coal, oil and other energy sources.
8. The most polluted city in the world
According to the Environmental News in 1991, a report issued by the United Nations Environmental Protection Program and the World Health Organization showed that according to 60 years of the world Countries have been monitoring for 10 to 15 years. The top ten cities with the highest carbon dioxide content in the air and the most serious pollution are: Milan, Italy, Shenyang, China, Tehran, Iran, Seoul, South Korea, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Xi'an, China, Paris, France, Beijing, China and Madrid, Spain.
9. The best urban environment in the world (1991)
According to the China Environmental News in 1991, Melbourne in Australia, Montreal in Canada, and Tacoma in the United States are the most suitable cities in the world. cities to live in, and the worst areas to live in are Lagos, Nigeria, and Kinshasa, Zaire. This is the conclusion reached by more than 350 urban experts from the Population Crisis Commission, a world demographic organization based in Washington, who spent two years conducting a survey of more than 100 cities around the world.
Statistics from the survey report show that Americans, Canadians and Australians have the most abundant housing, with each person owning more than two houses on average. Lagos and Guangzhou in China are the most crowded, with more than 5.5 people living in each room. Taipei, Sydney and Melbourne are the cities with the least air pollution. The most polluted cities include Calcutta and New Delhi in India, Jakarta in Indonesia, Tehran in Iran, Milan in Italy, and Beijing and Shenyang in China. The cities with the most serious noise include New York and London in the United States, Karachi and Lahore in Pakistan, Madras in India, Naples in Italy, Suzhou in Indonesia, Monterrey in Mexico, and Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.
The quietest cities are Singapore, Manchester and Dallas-Fort Worth. The cleanest street in the world is Bachofstrasse in Zurich, Switzerland. It is a world-famous "ultra-clean" street. This street is about 800 meters long and is almost the center of Europe. It is almost equidistant from Vienna, Rome or Berlin. Bachofstrasse has been designated as a pedestrian area, and no other vehicles except trams are allowed to enter. Therefore, the air in the streets is fresh and sweet-smelling, and there is no pollution from car exhaust. There are more than 200 adult olive trees on both sides of the street, which can purify the air. In order to maintain the cleanliness of this street, the municipal government also hired special personnel to scrub the ground frequently to keep the street clean and dust-free. All the buildings on the street are no more than 5 storeys, and most of them are neoclassical buildings from the 19th century.
10. The first person to name acid rain
Acid rain generally refers to acidic precipitation with a pH value of precipitation lower than 5.6. The composition of acid rain is relatively complex. It acidifies the soil, leaches nutrients, reduces fertility, destroys vegetation, causes surface water and groundwater to acidify, causes harm to the human body, and corrodes buildings, metal, rubber, etc. Therefore, acid rain is called the "modern god of death in the air" at home and abroad, and has become the environmental issue of greatest concern to countries around the world.
In 1852, British scientist Smith analyzed the composition of rainwater near the British industrial city of Manchester and found that the rainwater contained sulfuric acid, acid sulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium carbonate and other components. He believed that it was caused by serious atmospheric pollution. of. Smith became the first scientist in the world to discover the existence of acid rain and to study it. He conducted 20 years of research and investigation on acid rain, compiled and published the book "Air and Rainfall: The Beginnings of Chemical Climatology" in 1872, and first used the term "acid rain".
Environmental protection measures in life
1. Bind the unused papers in old exercise books to make a draft book.
2. Collect used papers Scratch papers, old homework books and test papers, find suitable ways to send them to paper mills for reprocessing into usable paper.
3. Save paper, fill up the scratch paper, don’t just write a few numbers and throw it away.
4. Try to save paper as much as possible. Whether it is toilet paper or napkins, use handkerchiefs instead.
5. Practice calligraphy and Chinese painting on scrap newspapers.
6. Some wrapping paper can be made into handicrafts to beautify life.
7. Try not to use disposable dishes and chopsticks.
8. Convenient chopsticks or bamboo sticks can be recycled and made into handicrafts after use.
9. Do not use mechanical methods to destroy or damage trees.
10. Plant more plants.
11. Send the remaining wood and sawdust from the decoration to the paper mill to reduce the number of trees cut down.
12. Like the Japanese, we cherish every tree in our country and use laws to regulate people's awareness of protection.