Dynasty: Five Dynasties
Author: Li Yu
Original text:
When is the spring flowers and autumn moon? What do you know about the past? The small building was easterly again last night, and the old country was unbearable to look back at the moon and the Ming Dynasty.
Carved fences and jade carvings should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed them. How much sorrow can you have? It's like a river flowing eastward
Translation
When will this year end? How many things have passed! Last night, the spring breeze blew from the small building again. How can I bear the pain of remembering my hometown on this bright night?
The finely carved railings and jade steps should still be there, but the people I miss are old. Ask me how much sadness there is in my heart, just like this endless torrent of spring water rolling east.
Creation background
This word and "Langtaosha Raining outside the Curtain" were both written before Li Yu was poisoned, which was the third year of Taizong's peaceful and rejuvenating the country in the Northern Song Dynasty (978), when Li Yu returned to the Song Dynasty for nearly three years. In the eighth year of Song Taizu Kaibao (975), Song Jun attacked Jinling, the capital of the Southern Tang Dynasty, and Li Yufeng surrendered, and the Southern Tang Dynasty perished. Three years later, that is, three years of peace and rejuvenating the country, Xu Xuan was ordered by Song Taizong to visit Li Yu, and Li Yu sighed at Xu Xuan: "I regretted killing Pan You and Li Ping by mistake!" Probably in this state of mind, Li Yu wrote the word "Yu Meiren".
A brief analysis
This word was written about the third year after Li Yu returned to Song Dynasty. The undisguised thoughts of the old country are revealed in the ci, which is said to be one of the reasons that prompted Song Taizong to order the poisoning of Li Yu. Then, it is equivalent to Li Yu's desperate words. The whole word is asked to answer; From asking questions about heaven and people to asking yourself, through the intense tone in sadness and the artistic structure that twists and turns freely, the author's melancholy thoughts run through and form a refreshing aesthetic effect. It is true that Li Yu's homesickness may not be worthy of sympathy, and the past he misses cannot be separated from the imperial life of "carved with jade" and the secret affairs of the imperial palace. However, this well-known masterpiece is unique in art: "Spring flowers and autumn moons" are mostly beautiful, but the author earnestly hopes that it will "disappear" as soon as possible; The "East Wind" in the small building brings the information of spring, but it causes the author's "unbearable sigh" instead, because they all hook up the author's feelings about things that have changed, and show his worries about being imprisoned in a foreign country, which is used to describe the author's mood of being a prisoner who has changed from being surrounded by pearls and jade to crying for a long song. The closing sentence "A spring river flows eastward" is a famous sentence with water as a metaphor for sorrow, which implicitly shows the endless stream of sorrow.