Twelve Muqams, a Uygur classical music, is a great contribution of the Uygur people to the splendid culture of the Chinese nation. She used music, literature, dance, drama and other languages and artistic forms to show the splendid life and noble sentiments of the Uyghur people, reflecting their ideals and pursuits and their joys and sorrows under the historical conditions at that time. She combines traditional music, performance music, literature and art, drama and dance, and has the characteristics of combining lyricism with narration. This form of music is unique in the art history of all nationalities in the world and can be called a must.
Muqam has a long history and a broad and far-reaching background, which is in sync with the historical era of Uighurs. Although there are many Uighur tribes and vast territory, and its music culture has the characteristics of multi-level and multi-source, it is still different from other nationalities' music with its unique style. The origin of Twelve Muqams can be divided into two aspects: one is divertimento and songs developed on the basis of traditional music handed down from generation to generation; Second, local music, that is, Kuqa, Kashgar, Turpan, Hami, Hotan music and Dao Lang music. This kind of time and regional factors interweave and penetrate each other, forming the ethnic pattern characteristics of Uighurs, such as lifestyle, ethnic characteristics, moral concepts and psychological quality. This feature is embodied in the unique musical form, playing method and playing instrument. What does "Muqam" mean in terms? It only means that a classical music suite is given a special name. The twelve Muqams in Uygur include Muqam, Chebyat, Muxiawulek, Chaga, Panjiga, Uzihale, Aijim, Wushjak, Bayati, Nawa, Xiga and Yilak.
Each of the twelve Muqams in Uygur language is divided into three parts: Danaman, Dastain and Maixirev. Each part consists of four themes and several variations. Each piece of music is not only an organic part of Muqam's main theme, but also an independent piece with harmonious characteristics. Muqam is a musical expression of Uygur poetry. Each Muqam is full of classical poems that are meaningful, rich in content, colorful, catchy, relaxed and lively, and easy to sing, as well as Geselle (two lines of poems) and folk songs. In particular, the 18 kinds of gaicelle's metrical patterns, which are the most attractive in Uygur poetry, make Muqam's music novel and unique. Therefore, this priceless treasure in the cultural treasure house is becoming more and more perfect and shining. The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20th, 2006, 12 Muqam was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage.
Chang 'e-1 was successfully launched in 2007/KOOC-0/October 24th/KOOC-0/8: 05, carrying 3/KOOC-0/songs, among which 12 Muqam were selected.
Professor Zhou Ji, an expert in Muqam, Xinjiang, has made great contributions to the research and dissemination of Muqam art in Xinjiang, China.
In 2005, "Twelve Muqams" of Uyghur was included in the World Intangible Cultural Heritage List by the United Nations.
20 10 On July 28th, there was a rare scene at the 19th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region: all the participants voted in favor of a local regulation, making it a regulation passed by unanimous vote.
This Ordinance is the Regulations on the Protection of Muqam Art in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations). It is the fourth local regulation passed in the first instance since the reform and opening up in Xinjiang, the second local regulation of intangible cultural heritage in Xinjiang after the promulgation of the Regulations on the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and the first provincial-level local single-line legislation for the protection of intangible cultural heritage of mankind in China.